Artsimovich Lev Andreevich, jirka dadka Soviet: Biography, hawl sayniska

Leo Artsimovich - saynisyahan caan Soviet, asaasaha dugsi sayniska ee isuga thermonuclear gacanta, kuwaas oo kaalin qiimo horumarinta xiddigaha iyo physics nuclear. Waxaa hoos hoggaanka, waxaana markii ugu horaysay ka fuliyeen isuga nuclear ee shaybaarka. Man warqad caasimadda ah, naftooda ka go'an in ay ganacsi jecel - Artsimovich waa ra'iisul tusaale ahaan ka mid ah xirfad, daahirinteeda, dulqaadashada iyo geesinimada. Wuxuu u sabab ah weedh warkeeda caan ah: "Science - habka ugu wanaagsan si ay ula kulmaan sabab u cajiib gobolka u gaar ah."

Lev Andreevich Artsimovich: Biography

Lev Artsimovich ku dhashay Moscow on February 25, 1909. Hooyo - Olga L., wuxuu ka soo jeedaa qoys Yuhuudda, Andrew M. yimid - aabbihiis ahaa oo sharaf leh qoys, ka dib sabool ah. Artsimovich ku noolaa caasimadda ilaa 1919, laakiin sababta oo ah burburka iyo dhibaatada haysata xaaladda cuntada lagu qasbay in ay bedeli karaan meesha ay degan yihiin ee Mogilev, halkaas oo uu aabihiis ka bixiyeen meel madaxa xafiiska tirakoobka. Markaasaa waxaa jiray dhaqaaqo mar kale, marka hore in Gomel, ka dibna - in magaalada yar ee Klintsy. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaaladda dhaqaale Artsimoviches u xuub sii xumaatay, iyo in dhamaadka, waxa ay noqotay dulqaadan karin. Taas darteed, iyo in rajada ugu yaraan qaar ka mid ah waalidiinta quudinta deggan ayaa lagu qasbay in la ogaado in wiilkiisa uu ka agoonta ah. Wiil The ma noqon karaan in machadkan iyo doorbiday waif nololeed halkaas ka baxsadeen. Dhamaadka xaaladda Dagaalkii Sokeeye Artsimovich taasoo ayaa soo yara hagaagay, ku soo laabtay Gomel, iyo Leo soo laabtay waalidkiis. Aabbahay markii uu loo magacaabay madaxa waaxda ee Gobolka Belarus University. Waxaa ka dib ka qalin dugsiga sare ayuu galay, oo wiilkii uu ugu jecel yahay.

Doorashada Life: Physics

Doorashada raggii dhallinyarada ahaa on awood physico-xisaabeed ku dhacay. aqoon boorsooyinka helay ee tababarka lagu jiro, nin dhallinyaro ujeedo aan ahaa ku filan, sidaas darteed, si ay u fahmaan sayniska jecel yahay, oo wuxuu aaday inuu Moscow, halkaas oo ay muddo sannad ah waxa uu ahaa booqdaha ah maktabadaha cilmiyeed kala duwan. In 1929, in jaamacadda guriga xaliyay difaacay sida uu u sha on spectra X-ray, iyo ka dib hal sano ah uu meesha aad deggan bedelay Leningrad. Waxaa Artsimovich Lev Andreevich degay Institute taxidermist ku Technical Physical-banaan, marka hore in waaxda raajada ah, iyo lix bilood ka dib - in waaxda X-rays iyo ifafaale electronic. jirka dadka cilmi-Young, malaha, sida dhammaan saynisyahano weyn ee bilowga ah ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed, ma aan ogayn sida loo geliyey waayo-aragnimada iyo tijaabo. Task waa inay isaga caawiyaan in this ku dul garbaha saaxiibo ka tirsan, kuwaas oo markii si cadaalad dheer baray xirfadaha Leo fudud looga baahan yahay hawlaha sayniska.

The waxbarashada koowaad ee cilmiga ee Soviet

Tallaabada ugu horreysa ee ahaa Artsimovich waxbarasho muujineysa guud ee X-rays ka layers khafiif ah oo macdanaha kala duwan. tijaabo Kuwanu, laga sameeyey 1931, sano 40 kaliya dambe, u yimid inuu tababar oo ku mashquulsan yihiin aqoonyahanno. 1933 waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay by cilmiga xuduntii qaaradda; tartan Leo Artsimovich aagga this ahaa ururka ee shaybaarka a high-voltage, si ay u bartaan sifooyinka neutrons gaabis iyo horumarinta tube xoojinta iyo matoorrada Suu for electrons dhakhso ah. In Artsimovich SOFHURA Lev Andreevich ku hawlan horumarinta qalabka wax habeennimo la isticmaalayo spectrum infrared. Waxaa loo baahan yahay warshadaha difaaca ee dalka; xaaladaha cilmi fuliyay derbiyada University Kazan gudahood, si ay u meel dhexaad ah gelin, ma. Maloprisposoblennoe waayo tijaabo cilmiyeed dhulka hoostiisa laguma arag dhibka ku ah in ay dil ku guul hawsha.

The sano guudahaan

1944 waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay by saynisyahan a Soviet shaqeeya sidii sare ee waaxda sayniska ee Institute of Atoomikada ee 1946 Artsimovich Lev Andreevich loo doortay xubin ka mid ah Academy of Sciences ee USSR iyo noqday madaxa mid ka mid ah goobaha cilmi berrinkii physics nuclear. Wixii war abuurashadoodii ee kala unugyada awood u gooni ah isotopes of lithium, Leo A. Stalin Prize waxa uu shahaadada 1-dii. In 1950, uu helay shaqo cusub - madaxa cilmi-baarista tijaabada berrinkii thermonuclear gacanta isuga, oo sannad ka dib noqday academician ah cilmiga Soofiyeeti. In 1952, madaama uu helay oo ka mid ah neutron shucaaca sare-kulka plasma iyo, sida natiijada, - abaal marinta Lenin Prize.

In search of isha tamar

In 1955, natiijooyinka cilmi-socda xawaaraha plasma electrodynamic sameeyay aasaas u ah a jihada cusub - physics plasma.

Dhamaadka naftiisa jirka ah Soviet cilmi baaris ku sameeyo qalabka isuga plasma-heerkulka sare, isku dayaya in ay ka heli il siyabo tamarta. Ogaaday in mashruucan caawin kara horumarinta UCLA (maxaa yeelay, plasma waa in la bartay ka baxsan dhulka - the Sun iyo xiddigaha), Leo badnaan taageeray dhismaha oo ah alaabta ah sumalka uguma iyo wax badan oo dadaal si toos ah dhismaha fiirinta ah sumalka uguma ee Caucasus. Natiijada helay in natiijada shaybaarka sayniska keentay in fahamka of physics plasma, nooca qiiqa iyo kicitaanka on qorraxda, keenaya muuqaalka kore ee dabeylo magnetic.

gacan ka qiimo badan in sayniska

Waa in Artsimovich LA xiddigaha dalalka Soviet mahad safka hore ka yimid. Sidoo kale kaalin weyn Artsimovich Lev Andreevich dhigay waxbarashada. Tan iyo 1953, muddo 20 sano ah ayuu wax ku baray at University Moscow reading koorsooyinka on plasma iyo physics qaaradda. cilmi tayo qoray tiro badan oo ay buugagan tababarka; at waaxda uu shaybaarka wakiil isuga abaabulan, analogues kuwaas oo aan weligiis lagu arag jaamacad kasta oo dunida. Artsimovich Lev Andreevich iyo carruur, oo uu isagu waa ka fiirsaday sida ardayda uu, ayaa lagu qabtey iyada waayo-aragnimo muhiim ah. By habka, qaar badan oo ka mid ah ardayda ee jirka dadka ku Soviet markii dambe u noqday madaxda sayniska weyn ee dalal kala duwan. Waxa aanu noqon Artsimovich March 1, 1973. Aasay saynisyahan tayo ee Xabaalaha Novodevichy ee Moscow. In sharaf proposer Lva Andreevicha Artsimovicha sayniska ee Soviet iyo dunida gacan ka qiimo badan, ayaa loo magacaabay bohol a on Moon ah, iyo in 1974 waxaa la siiyey magaca riverboat ah, iyo saynisyahano weyn of our time in ay shaqadooda ku salaysan natiijooyinka ka helay Artsimovich.