General Vatutin. Vatutin Nikolay Fodorovich - Soviet Union Hero

Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich waxa uu ku dhashay 1901, 16 December, ee tuulada Chepuhino (hadda Vatutine tuulada ku taala gobolka Belgorod). Waxa uu ku dhashay galay ridayeen qoyska weyn, taas oo, marka lagu daro Nicholas, waxaa jiray siddeed carruur ah. Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha laga wada hadli doonaa in this article.

carruurnimada guud Future u xiiseynayey in ay wax bartaan oo iyaga u yaqaaniin aad u qalafsan. First Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich ka qalin jebin dugsiga tuulada, taas oo ahayd xerta ahaa oo marka hore, ka dibna - sharaf zemstvo dugsiga ee Valuyki. Nikolai Fedorovich si guul maray baaritaano galo dugsiga ganacsiga ee Urazovo, halkaas oo uu sidoo kale aad u shaqeeyey, qaata doon gunno yar oo ka zemstvos ah. Nikolai Vatutin bartay Dugsiga Ganacsiga ee sano oo kaliya 4. Sababtuna waxay tahay, in this ka dib mar dambe ma bixin doon gunno, oo lagu qasbay in ay ku noqdaan tuulada hooyo uu.

Baabtiiska dabka

Nicholas, on guriga soo laabtay, wuxuuna bilaabay inuu ka shaqeeyo guddiga kaniisadda. Marka tuulada, awood Soviet la aasaasay, wuxuu, halka weli wiil dhalinyaro ah oo lix iyo toban, sida mid ka mid ah dadka deegaanka ugu bartay tuulada ka caawiyay in qaybta degay hantida qastaan. Waxaan weli ma soo jeestay in Nicholas iyo 19-sano jir ah markii uu ku soo biiray Ciidamada Cas. Baabtiiska dab Vatutin ansixiyay bishii September 1920, markii uu in ka qayb dhacay degmooyinka dagaalo Lugansk iyo Starobelsk ka dhanka ah Makhno. Xataa markaas, ayuu cadeeyay talo soo jeedin badan, dagaalyahan ah oo aad u dhiirranow.

Nikolai Vatutin ee 1922 dugsiga lugta Poltava ka qalin jabiyay, ka qayb dagaalo labada gacmoodba ka dhanka ah burcad ah. Isla sanadkaas wuxuu ku biiray madaxda sare ee RCP ah (B). Iyadoo dalka ee hirarkii gaajo, daacuunka iyo tiifowga qof ayaa ku dhintay, ka sokow waxaa jiray abaar, ku dar khataraha ay dadka in 1921. Gaajeeysan in dhimasho aabbihiis iyo awoowe ah Nicholas, iyo sidoo kale walaalkiis ka weyn, Egor.

Gudbinta

Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha sannadaha soo socda ay astaan u ah dhacdooyinka soo socda. Vatutin ka dib markii School lugta ah waxaa maamula in Taliyaha guutada lugta ee waaxda, ka dibna - taliyaha Batalyankii ah. Waxa uu hagaajinta aqoonta ciidamada, ayuu ka qalin ee 1924 dugsiga Kiev milatariga sare isu geeyey. Ka dib markii in Nikolai Fedorovich sii watay waxbarashada Military Academy Frunze ah (1926-29 sano). Vatutin ka dib markii ay dhamaystirka loo soo diray ku yaalla xarunta Chernigov Division lugta. Wuxuu noqonayaa in 1931 oo madax ku yaalla Ordzhonikidze Shaqaalaha Mountain Division. Ka dib markii adeegga laba sano ka dib ayuu haddana soo diray in Academy ah. Frunze, waaxda horeba hawl. Vatutin uu ka qalin jabiyay 1934. Laakiin saddex sano ka dib - iyo Academy Military ee Shaqaalaha Guud. talanti Military iyo shaqo adag oo ay shaqo qabanayaan. Si guul ah u qaadaan ka dhanka ah Nikolai Fedorovich. In 1938, sida kornayl, waxaa loo doortay inuu xarunta ku yaalla Degmada Kiev ee Military Gaarka ah, oo muddo ka dib waxa uu noqonayaa taliyaha hubaynayo.

Tarjumada Shaqaalaha Guud Vatutin

In 1940, ee August, marka Chief of Staff halkii B. M. Shaposhnikova noqday K. A. Meretskov - Guud ee Ciidamada, Vatutin halkan wareejiyay inay ka shaqeeyaan Chief of Hawlgallada. Muddo ka dib, waxaa loo magacaabay ku xigeenka ka mid ah shaqaalaha. K. G. Zhukov in uu buugga "Xusuusaha iyo BADIYEY" on Vatutin qoray wixii uu haystay oo dareen aad u xoog badan oo ah mas'uuliyad, wuxuu si cad iyo si kooban u muujiyaan laga yaabaa fikirrada, kala duwanaayeen, ballaadhkiisuna wuxuu fikirka iyo shaqo adag by. Vatutin horeba, Lieutenant-General, bishii February 1941, kii ayaa loo Order of Lenin.

dhicin dagaalkii

Si soohdimaha USSR ku soo dhawaaday dagaalka ... Inta lagu jiro muddada bilowga ah ee falalka ay guuleysan ciidamada keentay in isku shaandheyn in amarka. Waxa daruuri ahayd in la xoojiyo suurtagalnimada ee hore dhexe wanaagsan. In 1941, 29 July, Zhukov, Vatutin u sharaxan jagada Taliyaha Front ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Stalin go'aansaday inuu go'aan kale.

30-kii June Taliyaha oo ka mid ah Front Woqooyi Galbeed, N. F. Vatutin ka qeyb qaatay difaaca magaalada Novgorod, cinwaanka ah ciidamada howleed. counter-weeraro Manstein ee ka dhanka ah jidhka fuliyay hoos kormeer. Sidaas darteed dagaalo kuwaas Jarmalka gaaray on habab si ay khasaare culus Leningrad iyo dib u eryay by 40 kiiloomitir. Vatutin waxaa la guddoonsiiyey ururka ee iska caabin ah oo ku cad go'aan iyo geesinimada Order of Banner Cas.

"Operation Small Saturn"

In 1942, ee May-July, mar hore ku xigeenka. Chief of Staff General N. F. Vatutin sameeyey shaqo weyn sida qamaarka wakiil on Front Bryansk ah. Oo wuxuu ku amray in July iyo October 1942, Voronezh Front ah, difaacaneysa si guul ah ku hoos uu hoggaanka deegaanka Voronezh ah.

Nikolai Fedorovich ayaa loo magacaabay taliyaha Front Koonfur-Galbeed ee October 1942, ka qeyb galay diyaarinta, horumarinta iyo hirgelinta ah hawlgalka muhiim Stalingrad. Laga soo bilaabo 19 November 16 December ee sanadkan, ciidamada Nikolaya Vatutina wada jir ah ula cutub oo Stalingrad iyo Don ah jabhada (taliyayaasha - Eremenko iyo Rokossovsky siday u kala horreeyaan) sameeyay qaliin loo yaqaan "Little Saturn". Oo intay hareereeyeen ayay Paulus ee isutagga Stalingrad. Ciidamada Soviet xiray 23 November dhow Buuloburde ayaa ka Hamlet. Waa qayb ka mid ah Panzer ciidamada 4aad iyo Army 6aad (- 22 qaybsanaanta, tirada taasoo noqonaysa in ay ku saabsan 330 kun oo qof total) ahaa. Ciidamo ka mid ah Front Koonfur-ka inta lagu guda jiro maxbuus hawlgalka qaaday 60,000 oo askari iyo askari safaysay ku saabsan 1250 degsiimooyinka. Sidaas darteed, waxay la curyaamiyey qorshaha of amarka Jarmal, taas oo doonayay in ay sii daayaan ciidankii reer Paulus. Tallaabooyinka intii uu howlgalku socday ayaa sidoo kale keentay in burburinta haraadiga ciidanka Romanian saddexaad iyo Talyaani iyo Jarmal "Hollidt" group siddeedaad.

hawlgalka Little Saturn

In 1942, 16 ilaa 31 December, waxaa la fuliyay howlgal kale Srednedonskaya. Sidaas darteed, waxaa la dalbadaa cadowga ee Don Dhexe guuldaradii qiyaano. Waxa uu jebiyey qorshaha ugu dambeeya ee Jarmalka in ciidamada hareereeyeen at Stalingrad xagga galbeed sii daayo. asalnimada ee howlgalkan uu ahaa si ay u hirgeliyaan dharbaaxo xoog leh oo dhinaca isku dhafan oo dhowr ah oo ku hadla afka hore. Guul darradii Stalingrad, Jarmalka cadeeyay inuu yahay mid aad u xasaasi ah, waxa uu ahaa guusha aad u muhiim ah, General Vatutin, taliyaha Front Koonfur-Galbeed ee. G. K. Zhukov waxaa la guddoonsiiyey for Stalingrad Order of Suvorov heerka kowaad. Abaalmarinta labaad heshay Vasilevsky, kii saddexaadna - Ravens, kii afraadna - Vatutin, kii shanaadna - Eremenko, lixaad - Rokossovsky. Dabcan, fursad ay ku amri abaalmarinta ma noqon karaan.

Operation "bood"

Vatutin, Guud ee Patriotic War weyn, dhamaadka 1942 heshay darajo ee kornayl guud, iyo in February 1943 - Guud ee Ciidanka. Ciidamada January iyo February 1943 ka yar amarkiisa wada qaadeen meelo ka mid ah faranfardeeyo ee Koonfurta Front howlgalka, sidoo kale loo yaqaan magaca code "Jump." Waxay ku dhamaatay 18-kii February. In ay natiijo ka naasiga oo qaybta waqooyi ee Donbass ayaa la tirtiray. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa ay ka adkaadeen ciidamada ugu weyn ee Jarmal Panzer Army ugu horeysay.

dagaalka ee faa'iido Kursk ah

In March 1943 uu mar kale loo doortay inuu post ee taliyaha Front Voronezh ku Vatutin. General WWII hadda mas'uul ka ah mid ka mid ah tilmaamaha ugu weyn ee Battle of Kursk waa. K. K. Rokossovsky amray Front Dhexe. Manstein ka dhanka ah Front Voronezh ahaa, iyo Dhexe - Model. Qaybo iyo xarunta daafaca ee dagaalka Kursk muuqata Jarmalka foori awood badan. Waxay si guul leh xalliyo dhibaatada ee koorsada of xal counter-weerar difaaca si qoto dheer.

Faa'iido Kursk ka dhanka ah Front Voronezh ah, Jarmalka lahaa koox xoog badan. Halis ah hor joogsaday ciribtir ee cadowga Ruush, laakiin waxaa jiray ee khasaaraha Jarmal waa weyn. Voronezh hore, laba maqalka ciidammadoodu taangiga reserve, sababa kooxaynta Jarmalka counterpunch awood badan. Prokhorovka dagaalka taangiga dhacay. Marka horumar degdeg ah oo ku saabsan marxaladda of Vatutin ah weerar codsatay group durbaanka la taangiga Asluubta, taasoo xaqiijisay hore degdeg ah iyo dabagalka degdeg ah cadowga.

"Rumyantsev"

Hawlgalka ayaa, loo yaqaan "Rumyantsev" (Belgorod-Kharkiv) bilaabay 1943, August 3. Waxay qaadeen ciidamo ka mid ah jabhada Steppe iyo Voronezh iyo qayb ka mid ah Battle of Kursk ahaa. Buuxi howlgalka on 23 August. Waxaa la burburiyay intii uu kooxda German Belgorod-Kharkov tirintii 15 qaybsanaanta, oo la sii daayay Kharkov iyo Belgorod. Sayidka, xaaladaha la abuuray, waayo, marxalad muhiim ah - la sii daayo bidix Bank Ukraine. Ilaa 300 km ee meelaha koonfurta-galbeed iyo koonfurta oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet hormartay. Vatutin abaal Order of Kutuzov darajada koowaad.

Battle of Dnieper

dagaalka ee Dnepr bilaabay in isla sanadkaas, August 13, ciidamada Voronezh ah (General Vatutin), Dhexe (Rokossovsky) iyo Steppe Lugbuur (Konev). Wajiga koowaad ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey on 21 September. On Ciidamada Soviet jabin ah oo ku saabsan 30 kooxihii Jarmal jihada koonfur-galbeed. ku dhowaad oo gebi of Donbass iyo daayay Ukraine bidix Bank, oo dhanka hore ballaadhan gaadhay Dnieper ah. September 23 ciidamada Dhexe (Rokossovsky), Voronezh (Vatutin), Koonfur-Galbeed (Malinowski) iyo Steppe (Konev) Front bilaabay marxaladda soo socota. Inta lagu guda jiro u kordhiyay ilaa December 22 dagaal ahaa in ay ka gudbaan Dnieper dhoowr goobood. Horumarinta weerar, askartii horey dhinaca koonfur-galbeed ah. Ciidamada Soviet ugu danbeyn sababay kooxda ciidammadu "South", iyo sidoo kale qaybo ka mid ah ciidammadii "Center" guuldarro culus. Waxay xoreeyeen Left Bank Ukraine iyo qayb ka mid ah Bank Xuquuqda.

Kiev hawlgalka

Voronezh Front ee October 1943 waxaa magacooda loo baxshay Yukreeniyaan koowaad. Ciidamada uu bishii November ee isla sanadkaas lagu qabtay amarka Vatutin Battle of Kiev. Waxay ku dhamaatay December 13. Natiijadan ayaa waxa ay - a xal Difaaca Army Group "South". Miyir iyo degdeg ah General Vatutin ka mid ah ciidamada oo la qabtay in ay isku urursadaan, ciidanka ugu weyn ee ku urursan ka yar Lyutezh soo horjeeda bridgehead si Bukrinsky fikiray ah weerar ugu weyn ee Soviet, iyaga filayaa. Thanks to this meel gabasho ah ayaa gaari la yaab istiraatiiji ah. Its shaqo loo riyaaqo, General Vatutin. Sababo la this, Kiev la sii daayey on November 6, iyo sidoo kale on Dhiniciisa Midig, Dnieper ah si ay u abuuraan bridgehead istiraatiiji ah.

xoraynta Zhitomir

Afuufa in Hitler uu ahaa khasaaraha of Kiev. Hawlaha firfircoon ayaa la dhigay on uu ka soo laabtay. Jarmalka ku guulaysteen in ay weeraro kulul ay u qabsadaan Zhitomir. Haddaba neceen Stalin ... Inta lagu guda jiro weerar of Front Yukreeniyaan 1aad xoreeyay magaalada on 31 December. 275 km dillaac ahaa difaaca Jarmal. Ka dib markii this 1aad Yukreeniyaan Front tegey xagga bari, iyo 2aad - galbeed, iyo in 1944, ka 24 ilaa 28 January, in ka badan 10 kala qaybsanaanta Jarmal is arkeen in gacanta.

Sida saxda ah-shaqayn Lutskaya

Heerka xallinta ololaha ee 1944 go'aansaday in ciidamada taangiga weyn ee USSR la madax doonaa by General Vatutin. Uu Biography sabab u ah waxaa lagu ogaaday dhowr pages ammaan badan. Go'aanka ah in halkan lagu wareejiyo ciidamada gaashaaman ayaa sheegay in Front Yukreeniyaan 1aad ayaa u dhaqmeen jihada istiraatiiji ah. Ciidamada Vatutin ee January iyo February lahaa hawlgalka Rivne-Lutsk. Taliyaha in ay dabcan codsatay on booska xarunta dharbaaxo xoog badan iyo daboolay garabka ciidamada cadowga, taas oo loo ogol yahay si aad u hesho gadaalka dambe ee kooxda Jarmal iyo waxa ay si buuxda u wada baabbi'in. The hawlgalka ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey on 11 February. La sii daayay in ay natiijada iyo Shepetivka Rivne, adkaaday afaraad Jarmal Panzer Army.

Bishii January-February ee sanadkan, Front 1aad Yukreeniyaan (Vatutin) lala 2aad (General Konev) hareereeyeen in Korsun-Shevchenko cadow badan oo isutagga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii kooxda Jarmalka ay ahaayeen ee "bac", ayaa waxaa lagu amray in ay noqotay burburinta Front 2aad cadowga ee hoos Konev. Sidaa darteed, ammaanta howlgalkan oo dhan u yimaadeen, ma aha in Vatutin. Konev iyadoo ay sabab u heshay horyaalka sharaf of Marshal Midowga Soofiyeeti. February 17 si aad u dhamaystirto hawlgalka. Sidaas darteed, waxay ku dhaawacmay iyo ku dhintay ku saabsan 55 kun Jarmalka qaaday maxbuus -. In ka badan 8 kun.

General Vatutin dhimasho qarsoodiga

In 1944, February 29, Vatutin u tageen inay ciidamada ay jidka ku soo laabtay ka ee xarunta Army 13aad. dhimashadii General Vatutin si lama filaan ah ka dhacay. Wuxuu ahaa shot in Koffee gaar danbe la. Milyatyn (aagga Ostrozhsky) oo ku dhuftay in bowdada bidix. Vatutin loo qaaday isbitaal milatari oo ku Rivne, ka dibna u dhaqaaqay Kiev. boogta First uma muuqan mid aad u halis ah, laakiin markaas ka soo maratay sii dartay xaaladda Vatutin. Ilaa hadda, ma cadda sababta taasi u dhacday, sida ay u dhacday iyo qof muhim ah aan na badbaadin karin, waayo, dalka, sida General Vatutin. qarsoodiga ah ee uu dhintay weli waa arrin muran. Inta badan dhakhaatiirtu waxa la dirireen reer naftiisa, General. Goynta ayaa ka caawiyay. General Vatutin, kuwaas oo Biography dib in this article, ayaa ku dhintay habeenkii ay bisha Abriil 15, 1944 ka dhiigga oo sumooba.

Aaska of Nikolai Fedorovich Vatutin

Waayo, hooyadiis, Vera Efremovna, waxay ahayd in 1944 luminta ina saddexaad iyada. Waxay heshay news ee dhimashada February Afanasiya Vatutina ka soo gaarey dagaalka, ka dibna, ee March, ayaa lagu dilay at Fedor hore, wiilkeedii yaraa. Laakiin Nikolai Vatutin ku dhinteen April. Oo waxaa lagu aasay at park Mariinsky ee Kiev. Vatutin saacad aaska ee Moscow la siiyey sharaf military - haddana waxaa ka dhawaajisay salaan ka mid ah 24 volleys of 24 qori. May 6, 1965, darjada waxaa la guddoonsiiyey horyaalka "Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti," Vatutin.

Uu dhintay ka ahayd dhacdo naxdin leh dalka. General Vatutin dhintay at 42 sano jir ah, xirfad on sara kacaan, iyadoo guulo badan. Ma uusan muujin ilaa dhamaadka kartidooda iyo si loo gaaro awoodiisa military, oo sida xaqiiqada ah ayaa ahaa u qalantaa.

Vatutin taallo ee Kiev

In 1948, January 25, ee Kiev waxaa la aasaasay taallo Vatutin. Waxay ku taalaa iridda park Mariinsky ee degmada Pechersk magaalada. Dhow yahay dhismaha ah Rada Verkhovna ah. Qorayaashu waxay - muhandas iyo sculptor Vucetic Belopol'skii. farshaxan waa 3.65m oo mitir, iyo meesha haysa cap - 4.5.

Vatutin taallo ee Kiev - bandhigay tirada dhererka-buuxa ah Nikolai Vatutin in jubbad dheer ah. Waxaa la xardhay ka dhagax adag cawlan. The saldhig oo taallo ah (foomka - Ahraamta ah la keenin wax) ayaa laga sameeyey labradorite madow. taallo waxaa xuduud ku Hadyada Laurel naxaas wareega. At darafyadiisa oo laba gargaarka xardhay in dhalid marxaladaha ugu gudbaya Dnieper oo kulan la liberators ka mid ah dadka Yukreeniyaan (sculptor Ulyanov).

Golaha Nikolai Vatutin

Guriga waa in Vatutin ah. Gobolka Mandrova Valuisky Belgorod. museum waxay leedahay laba dhisme. First - taasi waa gurigii ay Nikolai Fedorovich ku dhashay, iyo tan labaad - dhisay hooyadiis ee 1944-45 ciidamada Yukreeniyaan koowaad ee Front. museum waxaa la aasaasay 1950 by go'aanka kolkhoz ah. Agaasimaha ugu horeysay uu ahaa walaashiis of Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha - Daria Fyodorovna. qaraabo dhow iyo hantidooda gaarka ururiyey, sawirada qoyska, maacuunta. Tan iyo markii la abuuray bandhiga ugu horeysay.

Sannadkii 2001, bandhig cusub oo la furay. Waxaa soo beegay in centenary ee dhalashada Nikolai Fedorovich. Number of alaabta taariikhda waa 1275, 622 iyaga ka mid ah - taasi waa fund ugu weyn ee (hantidooda gaarka ah Vatutin, maacuunta, buugaagta, sawirrada).