Unugyada lafta: muuqaalada dhismaha iyo hawlaha

unugyada lafuhu waa ka duwan guryaha farsamo gaar ah oo dhar ah oo taageeraya oo ka kooban unugyada lafta iyo dhexe gaar ah. Dhismaha waxaa ka mid dhexe fiber collagen (furta lafta) iyo xeryahooda ka imanba kala duwan. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, unugyada lafta uu leeyahay nidaamka lacunary-canalicular ka kooban shabakad lacunae cqaadir iyo canaliculi iyo bixinta dheef intraosseous.

unugyada lafta waxaa ka mid ah saddex nooc: osteoclasts, osteoblasts iyo osteocytes. Osteoclasts - a unugyada waaweyn multinucleated asal monocytic, xajmiga, taas oo laga yaabaa in ay gaaraan 190 microns. unugyada Kuwan waxaa ku lug resorption ah (baabba ') ee lafaha iyo carjawda. Under cusboonaysiinta jir iyo reparative of resorption lafta, osteoclasts qaado. dhaqdhaqaaqa Osteoclast waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay qadarka of hormone parathyroid, kordhay Avv oo weeyaan hawshooda u ah ee shaqada osteoclast, taasoo keentay in burburinta lafta.

Osteoblasts - waa dhalinyaro ah unugyada lafta saaraayo polygonal dhaca layers dusha of lafta iyo hareereeyeen by a microfibrils collagen khafiif ah. Shaqada ugu weyn ee osteoblasts waa in synthesize qaybaha furta extracellular - collagen laftayda iyo mineralization nidaaminaya.

Osteocytes oo waxaa lagu abaabulaa ka dhimman yihiin mnogootrostchatye fusiform unugyada lafta baaluq, sharciyeynta intraosseous-shiid.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo ah unugyada lafta: qalafsan-fibered iyo caleen. In dadka waaweyn, unugyada lafta dhab-fibered ku yaal kala goysyada ah dhaladii iyo lafihii meelaha ay lifaaqa in seedaha, waxaa ku jira amorphous xidhmo xidhmo isugu iyo Fasaadi qarada waaweyn oo fiiloyin collagen. Halabuurka ee lafta lamellar ka mid ah taarikada laf ka mid ah oo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 4-15 microns osteocytes, walax aasaasiga ah iyo macdantaa collagen khafiif ah.

nudaha lafaha, iyo sidoo kale xubnaha kale ee jirka aadanaha la kulmin inflammations kala duwan, iyo cudurada. bararka wareer ah lagu soo bandhigay laga yaabaa in ay galaan wareegga dhiigga, E. ie. Qadka hematogenous, haddii ay dhacdo in bukaanka uu leeyahay meesheeda dabka purulent. Caabuq ku lafaha nudaha yeedhay osteomyelitis usareeyaa ah kaas oo noqon kara beriberi, dhaawacyada, daal, qaboojinta iyo wixii la mid ah. Iyadoo ku xiran xoogga iyo xawaaraha osteomyelitis kala saaro noocyada chronic, ba'an iyo subacute cudurka.

Natiijada unugyada dheer bararka lafta waa xannibaad vascular iyo wareegga dhiigga oo xun (thrombosis). Sidaas daraaddeed, faqiirsan unugyada lafuhu nafaqada uu bilaabo inuu dumin mertvet iyo, sida natiijo ah, waxaa jira galleeyda (galleeyda) iyo burburinta ah unugyada lafta. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira diidmo ah meelaha laf necrotic iyo khasaaraha ka mid ah xidhiidhka la nudaha lafaha caafimaad, la aasaasay ka sequesters-ka loo yaqaan.

Sababaha ugu weyn ee keenaya osteomyelitis (caabuq of lafaha nudaha) waa bakteeriya pyogenic: streptococci, ✰Malax mid iyo PNEUMOKOCKER, iyo xiidmaha, Bacillus tiifowga iyo microbes kale. kala duwan oo ka mid ah osteomyelitis tixgeliyo cudurada bararka sida qaaxada, danbiile lafaha iyo lafaha.

daaweynta Osteomyelitis waa in la burburiyo cudurka la antibiotics, kuwaas oo si gaar ah loo doortay ku xiran tahay nooca bakteeriyada. Antibiyootikada qiyaastii laba bilood. The maalmood ee ugu horreeya ee daroogada ayaa laga qaadayaa qaab ah kiniin, haddii afar maalmood horumar lagu arkay, daroogada waxaa maamula intravenously ama si toos ah xarunta of osteomyelitis sii.