Menshikov Aleksandr Sergeevich: Biography gaaban

Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov (1787-1869 GG.), The-awow weyn ee AD caanka ah Menshikov, jecel iyo qiyaas Peter aan, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah ciidamada caan ah, siyaasiyiinta iyo dadweynaha ee qarnigii 19aad Russia. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa uu ahaa diblomaasi, madax abuuritaanka badda, uu ku lug lahaa ololaha badan, wuxuu ahaa qiyaas laba boqorada. In bulsho caan ku tahay inuu ahaayeen iyo gaiety. Waxa uu sidoo kale ahaa bibliophile ugu weyn ee uu waqti, ururinta maktabad in ka badan konton kun oo buugaag.

xaqiiqooyinka Qaar ka mid ah nolosha

Biography kooban oo Aleksandra Menshikova, taas oo lagu tilmaami doonaa in this article, waa mid xiisa leh, sababtoo ah waxaa ay muujinaysaa sida kala duwan oo wajiyo badan lahaa hawlihiisa. Waxa uu ku dhashay galay qoyska ka mid ah ciidamada, in uu helay waxbarasho heer sare ee guriga, waxbarashada jaamacadaha Jarmal. Hadla luqado badan oo ajnabi ah, sidaas darteed ka dib markii waddanka ku soo noqonaya, uu ku biiray Guddiga Arrimaha Dibadda, halkaas oo uu u adeegi jireen in muddo ah. Muddadan, Menshikov Aleksandr Sergeevich ahayd in ergooyinka diblomaasiyadeed ee caasimadaha Yurub.

Si dhakhso ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu iska diiwaangeliso ciidanka oo naftiisa kala duwanaayeen in dagaalka ka dhanka ah Turkiga (ee 1810-1811 GG.). Alexander qaybqaatay hareereeyo oo ay qabashadooda tiro ka mid ah Guryahoodu, in gudbaya Danube. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa si fiican u shaqeeyey, oo muujinaysa geesinimada iyo fulinta hawlaha kala duwan, taas oo uu ku helay Order ee St. Vladimir. Ka dib markii in, wuxuu noqday adjutant ee Emperor ee u yimid, sidaas darteed in wefdigiisa.

xirfadiisa military

Isagu wuxuu isu kala duwanaayeen inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Muddadan, Menshikov ahaa xarunta ugu weyn oo ka qaybgalay oo dhan dagaalo waaweyn leh Faransiis ah. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu u dallacsiiyey, inuu noqdo kabtanka a. Waxa uu, ay la socdaan ciidamada Ruush ku tegey safarada dibada iyo waqtigan si fiican laftiisa xaqiijin karin ka hor Emperor ah, mid ka mid ah shaqo aad u adag samaynaya. Menshikov Aleksandr Sergeevich ahayd si ay u gudbiyaan kooxda Swedish in ku biiray Ciidamada huwanta oo u tegey on weerar. Waxa uu si guul ah ula qabsanay hawsha, kasban ku dhawaad kalsooni buuxda Alexander I. Menshikov diriray galeen dagaalo dhowr ah, taas oo uu ku helay abaal marinta cusub - Order ee St. Vladimir. tilmaame of kalsoonida gooyo isaga u yahay in uu la socdo oo uu taliye oo dhan Congress Yurub on xalinta qaddar ee dalalka ka dib dagaalladii Napoleonic.

hay'adaha

In 1816, Menshikov Aleksandr Sergeevich helay booska ka masuul cusub ee xafiiska xarunta ugu weyn. Laakiin waqtigaan la joogo, maxkamadda dhaqaaqay Arakcheev, bal yaa isaga Naceen. Sidaa darteed, meel Menchikoff la gariiriyey.

fasaxa ugu dambeeya maxkamadda yimid ka dib markii uu go'aansaday inuu abuuro mashruuc loogu talagalay xoraynta reer serfs serfs. In mabda'a, arrintan ahaa mariyo bilowgii boqornimadii Emperor, laakiin dhamaadka ee boqornimadiisa, mashaariic badan oo deeqsi ah ayaa la carqaladeeyey in tirada fursadaha kala duwan ee la baabiiyo of serfdom. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Menshikov Aleksandr Sergeevich ee 1821 oo ay la socdaan laba kale oo ka tirsan dowladda caan ah soo bandhigay qorshe lagu tirtiridda serfdom, kaas oo la helay boqorkii soo ag sida aad u dhiirran. Dhacdadan ka dib, oo xataa wuu ka gudbay for freethinker ah, taas oo keentay in uu u qaadidda ka barxadda, iyo in xaaladaha lahayn, waayo, wuxuu la weydiiyey in ay qaataan post a diblomaasiyadeed ee dhaw in uu ku soo qaaday sida uu aflagaado shaqsi ah iyo sida dadban u sheegeysaa baahida loo qabo in ay u guuraan taliye ka fogayno. Alexander diiday birta oo u dhaqaaqay estate uu.

Reform of raxan ah

Tallaabada xigta ee uu noloshiisa ku xidhan yahay goysiga ah ee boqor cusub - Nicholas I. By uu gacanta u gaar ah oo uu codsado, wuxuu ku soo noqday si ay hawsha. Wajiga koowaad ee boqornimadiisa taliyaha cusub ee ay astaan u jecel yihiin inay abaabusho, raxan ah, kaas oo la dhowaad ma edeb ku hoos isaga ka horeeyay. Nicholas I xakameeyeen uu diinta, ayuu galay faahfaahinta oo dhan, jidaynayey dhismaha maraakiibta, soo dajiyaan qorshe. Menshikov ma ahaa aqoon ku dhaqanka arrimaha badaha, laakiin buugaagta dabcan loo baahan yahay hoos jihada of deriskiisa bartay intii uu joogay tuulada, taas oo u yaqaanna ee anshaxa.

wajiga New

Marka uu ku soo laabtay caasimadda ah ee Alexander Emperor soo bandhigay mashruuc Isbadal Department Navy ah, taas oo ahayd in la beddelo soo socda tusaale ahaan ka mid ah maamulka military. kaalin gaar ah ayaa loo xil saaray in ay Shaqaalaha Guud ee Waaxda Naval ah, madaxa oo u dhaqmeen sida dhexaadin ah dhex dhigay boqorkii iyo badda. Menshikov jagada madaxa Shaqaalaha Naval lagu qabtay, waayo, wakhti dheer - ka 1829 si ay u 1855. Ka dibna, shuqulkiisa ayaa keentay in xaqiiqda ah in Wasiirka Navy ah, dhab ahaantii, badiyay ay muhiimadda, siinta jidkiisa isaga oo madax cusub oo ka mid ah shaqaalaha. Sida Governor-General Menshikov Finland, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in uu xirfadiisa military sii.

Ka qayb qaadashada dagaalladii

Degan tiirarka rayid ah ugu sareeya, Alexander, si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu sii waday inuu ka qayb ahaa oo dagaalka lagu la diriraya. Menshikov qudhiisu kala duwanaayeen in dagaalka la Turkey. Markaasuu wuxuu soo kaxaystay tiro ka mid ah Guryahoodu, iyo ka hor bilowga War Crimean ah, shaqooyinka diblomaasiyadeed qaadeen. Ka dib markii uu dillaacay cadaawadda hogaaminayo ciidamada badda iyo dhulka, laakiin hawlaha this post isagii waxba uma keeno fame. Under amarkiisa ciidanka Ruush soo gaaray tiro ka mid ah guul darro halis ah on Xulafada. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in tobanka sano ee hore oo boqornimadii Nicholas I fuliyay dibuhabaynta of habeynta ee raxan ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Maraakiibta shiraaca Ruush ha hor istaagina yaabaa maraakiibta uumi cadowga. Ka dib markii failure ee dagaalka Menshikov ayaa laga saaray jagooyinka military, xafidaada darajo ee adjutant oo ah xubin ka tirsan golaha Gobolka. Ka dib markii in, uu ka fariistay uu tuulada, halkaas oo uu ku dhintay 1869.