Writer Leonid Maksimovich Leonov: Biography, qoreysa xaqiiqooyinka hal abuur leh oo xiiso badan

In dhaqankeena waxaa meeshiisii mar qeexay - Qoraaga classic Ruush, discoverer suugaanta ee jihada bulshada iyo falsafada. Yuu yahay? Leonid Maksimovich Leonov. Isaga oo hal-abuurka waa wajiyo badan iyo mnogoproblemno. Waxa uu ku qoray oo ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedka bulshada hantiwadaagga, ayaa muujiyay sida uu opinion on this, maratay kiciyey dhibaatooyinka dadka, "hooseysa", ayuu taabtay xataa mashruuc cajiib ah, sida "qaboobeen dadka".

Biography kooban oo Leonida Maksimovicha Leonova. carruurnimada wax qora ee

Dhashay Leonid Maximovich Leonov yimaado dhamaadka qarnigii XIX ah - May 19, 1899. Qoraagu wuxuu ku noolaa nolol dheer, isagu wuxuu u dhintay August 8, 1994 at da'da 95 sano. Leonov waxaa lagu aasay Qabuuraha Novodevichy.

Childhood Leonid qabtay Moscow. Aabbihiis - Maxim Leonov (nasiib daro) ahaa gabayaa iyo is-baray, oo xubin ka ah "Surikov" goobaabin muusikada-suugaaneed. qudhiisa ahayd hooyo ah gobolka Kaluga, tuulada Polukhino.

Maxim Leonovich abuuray guriga daabacaadda isaga u gaar ah ee Moscow. Waxyaabaha si fiican u socdeen, in uu u furay dukaan u gaar ah oo ahaa nin aad u qani ah. In times Imperial Maxim Goremyka 17 jeer maxkamadeeyaa faafo suugaanta tegey, oo waxaa ugu danbeyn loo musaafuriyay Arkhangelsk, halkaas oo uu ka degay. Isagu wuxuu u dhintay 1929. Qoyskiisa, uu ka tagay Moscow, iyo Leonid Maksimovic soo bixiyey iyada oo aan aabbe. Uu mentor ugu weyn wuxuu ii ahaa awoowe Leon Leonovich Leonov. Waxa uu ahaa kii jacaylka wiilka Ruhbaaniyad in suugaanta ruuxiga ah iyo qadiimiga ah. In tobankii sano ee uu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga magaalada Leonid Petrovsky-Myasnitskaya. Waxa uu ku qoran inaad wax ka barato ka gymnasium Moscow saddexaad.

Arkhangelsk

Inkastoo dugsiga, Leonov tegey fasax aabbeheed ku Arkhangelsk, halkaas oo uu ka ahaa tifaftiraha wargeyska "subax Northern." In 1915 yimid daabaco aayaadka ugu horeysay Leonov Leonid Maksimovic. Sidoo kale aabbihiis baa isaga uga hiiliyey si ay u daabacaan maqaalo, fanka iyo masraxa dib u eegista kala duwan. Waxay ahaayeen sidaas oo xoog leh oo aabbihiis ma u leeyihiin in ay ka xishoon u noocyo ka mid ah qalinka wiilkiisa. Sayidka yimid waayo-aragnimo qoraa ugu horeysay ee. Isaga oo gabayo ugu horeysay qoraaga loo yaqaan "codkooda muunad asalka ah, 'reebi kataaradda," waxay ahaayeen kuwo inta badan imitative.

Inta lagu guda jiro waxbarashada uu gymnasium ah Leonid Maksimovich Leonov qoray sheekada "caruusada Valin", iyo sidoo kale sheeko cirfiid ee "King iyo Athos." Leonov qalin jebin dugsiga sare ee 1918 la bilad ah lacag iyo si degdeg ah u tageen inay Mikaa'iil inuu aabbeheed. Waxaa jira qoraa yar oo ka shaqeeya ka publications ah "maalintii North", "subax Northern." Waxaa sidoo kale ku xidhnaa yiqiin ugu horeysay la "Gabayaana waxaa woqooyi ka" - Shergin qoraa, artist Pisahova. Waxay ka caawiyay furo dunida dhaqanka ninka dhallinyarada ah Ruush, icon Russ Tacaddi ah, nooca Sucuudiga bikrad.

Adeeggu wuxuu ku Army Cas

In Leonid bartay waqti gaaban Jaamacadda Moscow, qorshayaasha oo dhan ka qarxay Dagaalkii Sokeeye. Biography qoraaga weyn Leonid Leonov ku jira xogta in nin dhallinyaro ah ee 1920, si ikhtiyaar ah ku soo biiray Ciidamada Cas oo waxay u adeegeen on Front koonfurta. Tababarka wuxuu ka dhacayaa School madaafiicda ah, ka qeyb galay dagaallada, wuxuu ahaa wariye ah oo ku saabsan hore, waxa uu ka shaqeeyay publications military. Waxa uu noqday xoghayaha u ah "Red Warrior" edition. alias Military Leonov - Maxim Laptev, Lapot. Waxa uu ka dhigista ee 1921, oo waxay bilaabeen qoraal halis ah.

inuu noqdo qoraa

Back ee Moscow, Leonid Maksimovich Leonov xirfad ku hawlan kiiskaaga qoraaga. Isaga oo shuqulladaadii hore amaanay Maxim Gorky, kuwaas oo carabka ku adkeeyay in talanti qoraaga dhallinyarada ah, oo saadaaliyay in mustaqbal weyn. Qaar ka mid ah la ogaaday in shuqullada Leonova qaar ka mid ah ururka la style Dostoevsky on Gorky baaba'aya in Leonov in shuqullada aan haysan kuwa "oohin ka mid ah ku dhaawacmeen," arkay Fyodor Mikhailovich.

Leonid Maksimovich Leonov, kuwaas oo gabayada ayaa lagu daabacay in uu dhallinyarada, ayaa noqday mid si dhab ah ku hawlan tiraab. Uu Sheeko "Buryga" waxaa la daabacay 1922, a collection of sheekooyin gaagaaban oo lagu daabacay 1923, raaceen by novel ah "The End of nin yar" iyo "jab Petushihinsky."

The novel "adhidibadeed", "TUUG"

Sababo la novel ah "adhidibadeed" (1924), qoraa Leonid Leonov Maksimovic la aadka u mahad sida qoraa dhallinyaro ah. shaqo ayaa waxaa ka go'an in ay fallaago ah oo ka mid ah yaroow, kuwaas oo ka soo horjeeda dowladda Soviet in hore 20-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay. The asal ahaan qoraaga fallaago ku soo ridayeen ayaa arkay oo keliya ma aha ee hababka cadaadis boqornimadii xoog, nidaamka siyaado-qoondaysnaa oo xad-dhaaf ah, laakiin sidoo kale in cadaawad taariikhiga ah yaroow in dadka degan magaalooyinka. Xaasidnimo, oo dhulka ku ah inay noqoto mid musiibo, oo qaadsiiyo, nacaybkuu u ah tacsida dadka.

Images of dadka, waxaan abuuray macquul ah, jilayaasha waxa lagu sharaxay usii muhiimadda nafsi iyo falsafada. In novel ah, qoraaga dareemay naxariis dadka ka shaqeeya, kuwaas oo daboolay bilaa rajo ka hor inta isbedelka weyn ee noloshooda.

In uu shaqo "Tuuggu" (1927) Leonid Maksimovich Leonov horay shaaca ka qaaday sida connoisseur ah ee barashada cilmiga aadanaha. Ka hor inta aan uu taswiiran in shuqullada saasoo kale, kuwaas oo, ah "TUUG" sheegayaa akhristaha ah oo ku saabsan masiirka naxdinta Mitya Vekshina. Guddoomiyaha hore, ayaa sibxaday in danbiile ah, halkan iskuna musiibo ah ee dalka oo dhan, riwaayadaha oo ka mid ah nafta iyo qalbi. In waqtigeena, waxaan qiimeyn karo sheyga waa dhab, haatan waxaan ogahay sida ay khatarta xoog, kaas oo u safray ah "proletariat lumpen" iyo sare ka soo dhacay. "TUUG" ayaa shaaca ka qaaday wakhtigaas oo dhan tago iyo mooraal ah Xaq soore dhiciyo waqtiga.

Shuqullada 30-ka

novel ah "Sot" (1930) u noqday wax soo saarka hore ee Soviet, halkaas oo geesinimo shaqada lagu ammaanay dadka Soviet, waxaa ammaanay dhismaha hantiwadaagga iyo isbedelka la 'dhegahooda ku taal agagaarka xarumaha warshadaha. Tixaha "Skutarevsky" iyo "Road in Ocean ah" waxaa lagu muujiyey daraasadda farshaxanka adag habeyn fikrado dunida ee intelligentsia hore, kuwaas oo ay go'aansadeen in ay ka qeyb qaataan dib u soo noolaynta ee burburka. Halkan waxaa lagu sawiray halgan fasalka af badan yahay ee degaanka this. "Road in Ocean ee" qeexayaa qaddar ee communist ah - qabanqaabiyaha, falsafo, hogaamiyaha kan dhan naftiisa aawadood oo ah dhismaha wadaag.

riwaayadaha

In dabayaaqadii 30 iyo horraantii 40-mada Leonov shaqeeya dheeraad ah sida Abwaan a. Riwaayado waa in baahida weyn. "Skutarevsky" (1934), "Wolf The", "Polovchanskie Gardens" (1938), "Dadka caadiga ah" (1941).

A yar erayada Waxaan doonayaa inaan ku saabsan cayaarta "Bilizar". Waxaa degan meel gaar ah Leonova shaqada iyo taabtona waa xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh uga noqdeen nolosha qoraaga. In shaqo this qoraaga ayaa leydin jawiga Cabsi ah iyo is aaminaad ayaa qabtay dalka ee 30-ka. Baraf caalin laga cabsado duntay wax walba in ay Jid nool, awood ay ku dhaqmaan. Noocyada caadiga ah ee geesiyaal waqti in la bedelay ka baxsan aqoonsi, soo galootiga ah wakiil geesiga wanaagsan, iyo walaalkiis, agaasimaha Soviet - xun.

Marka ugu horeysa, ciyaar ka dhigay masraxa gobolka. Laakiinse haddana waxaa la mamnuucay oo lagu eedeeyay in "sida klevetnichestvo xaasidnimo xaqiiqada Soviet." Leonov si kulul u cambaareeyay in kadago ah, qoraaga ka cabsannay inuu la xiri lahaa. Dayactirey sheyga kaliya ee 1962.

War. The sano guudahaan

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalka, Leonid Maximovich laga saarey leh qorayaasha kale ee Chistopol. Si joogta ah sida wariye u safray hore. Wuxuu ka shaqeeyey ee "News" iyo "runta." shuqulladiisa "duulaankii" ka dibna "Lenushka" (1942-1943 GG.), ka muuqataa feat dadka in halganka ka dhanka ah fashiistaha, walbahaar khasaaraha iyo guul darro, geesinimada iyo geesinimo. "Duulaankii" waxaa la gudoonsiiyey Nobel Stalin ee. Dhab ahaantii Interesting: lacagta oo dhan, oo ay ahayd 100 kun rubles, Leonov wareejiyay Fund Difaaca. Waayo, taas oo uu ka helay Stalin ammaan qoraal ah.

Leonid Maksimovich Leonov, Biography gaaban la soo bandhigay in warqad this, wuxuu ahaa nin Sharaf uu waqti. Waxaa shaaca ka qayb kaliya ee uu shaqada. Dagaalka ka dib, wuxuu sii waday in ay qori, si kor loogu qaado arrimaha maalintii. Ha ka baqin in ay ku hadlaan cadaadis ah, kulaks ah, colka dadka, in qof kasta uu isku dayayo in la helo aqoonsi ah, isku dayaya in ay gaaraan runta. Ma ahan mar walba shuqulladiisa la daabacay, qaar ka mid ah xitaa la mamnuucay ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Laakiin qoraa bartey dhicisoobay aan la ciqaabay hal abuurnimadiisa geesi, iyo xitaa waxaa xusid mudan in si joogta ah abaalmariyey abaalmarinta dawladeed oo kala duwan, wuxuu ahaa qof caan ah oo si fiican u yaqaan in goobo ka mid ah waxgaradka.

Shuqulkiisa waaweyn "Ahraam" qoraa diiqid daabacay yar ka hor inta uusan dhiman, wuxuu ka shaqaynayay dhul this for 45 sano. Waxaa Leonov kor u soo koobay suugaanta oo dhan macquul ah ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, faa'iido daro iyo khayaali, juxtaposed la suurto gal aan macquul ahayn, iyo kor u soo koobay hal-abuurka oo dhan.