Gumilyov Lev Nikolaevich: Biography gaaban

Wiilka uu dhalay laba gabayaaga caanka ahaa Lev Gumilyov. Biography, nolosha gaarka ah iyo dhaxalka ah taariikhyahan tan oo xiiso weyn u tiro balaadhan oo ah dadka. Waxaa xusid mudan in labada sida nin iyo sida wiil oo ka mid ah gabayayaashiinnu weyn. Halkan jira laba sababood oo waaweyn si aad u xeel dheer iyaga la dhaw.

Gumilev Lev - taariikhyahan Ruush, ethnologist, Doctor of dhuleed iyo Historical Sciences. Isagu waa qoraaga waxbaridda mid ah kooxaha qowmiyadaha iyo aadanaha sida qaybaha biosocial. Leo bartay ethnogenesis ah, ay bioenergy xukuma, oo wuxuu u bixiyey passionarity.

Asal iyo carruurnimada

October 14 1912 ee Tsarskoye Selo ku dhashay Gumilev Lev Nikolaevich. Biography kooban oo uu cajiib ah by xaqiiqada ah in waxay ahaayeen labadiisii waalid weyn Ruush Abwaan A. Ahmatova iyo N. Gumilev A.. guurka Gumilyovs jejebiyeen ee 1918, ka dibna yarkii ku noolaa waxaana la socday hooyadiis, ka dibna ayeeyadii Bezhetsk. Waxaa la og yahay in xiriirka uu la leeyahay dhiba Andreevnoy ayaa had iyo jeer way adag tahay. In photo hoose - Lev Gumilyov waalidkood.

Waxbarashada iyo xarig dagaalka

Leo, in 1934 uu soo galay Gobolka Leningrad ee Jaamacadda, Kulliyadda History. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii sannaddii kowaad uu markii ugu horaysay la qabtay. Soon Lva Gumileva la sii daayay, laakiin ma uusan u maamulaan si graduate. Horeba on sanadkii 4-aad 1938, wuxuu mar kale ayaa la xiray ka qayb ururka argagixisada ee ardayga. Gumilyov ayaa lagu xukumay 10 sano oo xeryaha. Later, uu qaddar waxaa hagaajiyey. Tolstoy waajibka ku ah inay u adeegaan eego 5-sano ee ud hashay. wakhtigaas ka dib markii, 1943, uu ka shaqeeya Turukhansk oo u dhow hashay. Markaas Gumilev u baxay inuu ka hor. Waxa uu la diriray ilaa guusha ee Arsenal lidka diyaaradaha. Si Berlin yimid Gumilyov Lev Nikolaevich. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee cilmiga ah, sida aad ka arki kartaa, ma calaamadsan oo kaliya by guulaha berrinkii taariikhda.

Ilaalinta sha ugu horeysay

Tolstoy 1946 maray imtixaanka dibadda Jaamacadda, ka dibna uu waxbarashada sii at the Institute of Studies Oriental, halkaas oo uu ka bartay dugsiga qalin. Uu sha PhD ahaa diyaar, laakiin 1947, saynisyahan a, ayaa waxaa laga saaray machadka sababta oo ah go'aanka wargeysyada ka "Leningrad" iyo "Star", ay qaateen Guddiga Dhexe ee CPSU ah (b). xallinta cambaareeyay abuurka Tani Anny Andreevny Ahmatovoy. In kasta oo dhibaato oo dhan, Tolstoy weli u suurtagashay in ay difaacaan uu sha oo taageero ka jaamacadaha Leningrad.

xiray cusub

In 1949 Gumilev lihida Biography kooban oo ka mid ah uu ahaa mar kale la xiray, sida aad ka arki, waa laga buuxiyay la qabtay. Waa la sii daayay kaliya ee 1956, iyo waqti isku mid ah si buuxda u dayactirey. Waxaa soo baxay in xubno ka mid ah dembi ma helay falalka ENU. Total Tolstoy la xiray 4 jeer. Guud ahaan, wuxuu lahaa wuxuu ku bixiya xeryaha Stalin ee muddo 15 sano ah.

dissertation Doctoral iyo publications Gumilyov

Gumilyov Laabashada Leningrad, helay shaqo ku meel gaar ah in Hermitage ah. In 1961, uu si guul leh difaacay sida uu u sha phD on "Baydka Turkiga qarniyo VI-VIII.". Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa markaas qaatay shaqo ee Institute of Juqraafiga, yaal kuliyadda juquraafi ahaaneed ee Leningrad State University. Halkan uu ka shaqeeyay ilaa hawlgabka, kaas oo ka dhacay 1986.

doctorate Geographic Gumilev Lev difaacay 1974. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Guddiga Certification ma ansixin uu degree. shaqada gacmeedka Gumilyov "Ethnogenesis iyo biosphere dhulka" waxaa ka mamnuuc in la daabaco, laakiin waxaa loo qaybiyey samizdat.

Kaliya ee 1959 wuxuu bilaabay inuu si firfircoon u daabacaan Lev Gumilyov. Biography iyo shaqo ma aha by fursad yihiin oo xiiso weyn ee wareegyada sayniska. Waxa uu leeyahay in ka badan 220 waraaqaha, oo ay ku jiraan dhowr monographs. In muddada post-Stalin aragtida Lva Gumileva dhaleeceeyay in publications rasmi ah, laakiin mar hore ma jiraan wax silec isaga ka gees ah. Kaliya ee 1980. socodka publications uu la joojiyay si kooban. LVU Gumilevu lahaa in ay arrinta u gudbiyo golaha dhexe. Markaasuu qoray warqad ku saabsan mamnuucidda publications ay. D. S. Lihachev iyo taariikhyahanadu kale waqtiga isaga oo ay taageerayaan.

nolosha Personal

tixaha dhowr ka badbaaday in uu naftiisa Lev Gumilyov. Biography, qoyska iyo carruurta - oo dhamaantood xiiseynaya in taageerayaashiisa. On nolosha shakhsiga ah ee Leo Tolstoy, annagu kala ma tegi doonaa faahfaahinta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaqiiqda ugu muhiimsan waa in la ogaadaa. In 1967 wuxuu guursaday Gumilyov N. V. Simonovskoy, artist (sannadaha cimrigaaguna - 1920-2004). Kolkaasuu wuxuu iyada ku kulmay June 1966. Lamaanahan ayaa wada noolaa muddo 24 sano jir, ilaa uu ka dhinto Leo Tolstoy. Sida laga soo xigtay ra'yiga dadka kale, ee arooska ahaa nin qumman. Xaaska Gumilyov naftiisa oo dhan soocay. Waxay ka tageen goobo hore ee saaxiibada iyo shaqada. Doorashada saamayn Tolstoy iyo in uu jecel yahay in aan carruur leedahay, waayo, kaasu wuxuu ahaa 46 sano, oo wuxuu doonayaa inuu halka uu jecel yahay - 55.

Xiriirka la Slavophiles iyo waddaniyiinta

Gumilyov kaca aan caadi ahayn ee caan ka dhacay xilligii post-Soviet. buugaagta waxaa lagu daabacay koob weyn. views siyaasadeed ee cilmiga ah, taas oo uu ku muujiyay in ay idaacadaha iyo TV-ga, in articles waxay ahaayeen labada anti-Western iyo anti-shuuciga. Tani waxay isaga calaamad u ah anti-liberalism ka dhigaa. waxaa sha Tolstoy ee ku saabsan "khaasatan Slavic-Turkic" soo gaaray Russification ee Warega of 90s ka. Dadkani waxay leeyihiin fikrad xun in ay opinion ee saynisyahano on harqoodka Horde ee, halkii, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, walaacsan. waxaa muran kor ku qaaday by Slavophiles sida xaq ah fikirka cusub ee dawladda Ruush. dadyowga waddaniyiinta Turkic degganaa USSR ah, sidoo kale gudbiyo Tolstoy ee. Dadkaas iyaga ah, Gumilev Lev ahaa amar unquestioned.

"Fikradda ah ethnogenesis" iyo sayniska

Gumilev qudhiisu tixgeliyaa "Eurasian ee la soo dhaafay". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu abuuray "aragti of ethnogenesis" garabaka Eurasianism oo kaliya marka la eego guud ahaan. Laga soo bilaabo barta of view of sayniska, sida taariikhda, ku fikiray saynisyahan ma la oran karo waa aragtida ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Gumilev Lev la hadlay ugu horayn si intelligentsia ee Soviet farsamo, iyo in aan taariikhyahanadu la shaqayn jiray. By markii ugu intelligentsia farsamo qaan Xukuntay in taariikhda Midowga Soofiyeeti - waa aalad of dacaayad, ma sayniska, in la Dhoodhoobeen. fikrad taariikheed Tolstoy ee ismaandhaafka shakiga ee saynisyahano aanay xaqiijiyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, "ayuu aragti of ethnogenesis" indhaha taageerayaasha ka ENU in uusan lumin. Leo xaakin oo ku saabsan taariikhda marka laga eego oo ka mid ah cilmiga dabiiciga ah iyo intelligentsia sayniska tixgeliyo yar u liidadata badan bani'aadamnimada.

Qodobada ugu muhiimsan ee aragtida ah ee ENU

Lev Gumilyov on caddaynta dhisay uu aragti in "kooxaha qowmiyadeed" - nooc ka mid ah noolaha noolaha. Waxay leeyihiin muddada dhalinyarada, maturity oo da 'weyn. Gumilyov ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah kooxaha qowmiyadaha kooxaha si toos ah qowmiyadaha ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale siyaasadda, diinta iyo xataa xirfadeed. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in laga bilaabo dhalashada ilaa dhimashada, waxa ay qaadataa oo ku saabsan 1200-1500 sano. Sida laga soo xigtay fikradda cilmiga ee soo bixitaanka kooxaha qowmiyadeed waxa u sabab ah "Suu dareen", kaas oo ka soo shucaaca meel dhirfinaya. Waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah in ay yihiin "kaabaha" in kasta oo kale, oo waxaa jira nidaaam. Waxa intaa dheer in caafimaad, waxaa jira "chimeric" qowmiyadaha hornimaadno, noolaha dulinka kale. Healthy sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin xidhiidhada kala duwan ee hababka deegaanka cimilada iyo "muuqaalkii kalkaalinta" oo ku kala duwan yihiin sida ay sifooyinka.

Gumilev abuuray uu aragtida, isku dayaya in la fahmo sababta, ee qarniyadii dhexe iyo Qarniyadii hore ee Steppe Great arkay undulations iyo geedi socodka qowmiyadaha dhakhso ah. Indeed, waxay inta badan ahaayeen, in qaab ama mid kale, oo lala beddelo xaaladaha cimilada. Sidaa darteed, ilaa xad isku xirta saynisyahano muuqaalka iyo ethnos cudur daar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, "aragtida ah ee ethnogenesis" lumay kalsoonidii ee ka dhalanaya doorka Gumilyov buuxda arrimo dabiici ah. Ereyga "passionarnost", ay leedahay Lev Nikolayevich, waxay bilaabeen in ay ku noolaadaan noloshooda iyaga u gaar ah. Seynisyahanada waxa loo adeegsaday tilmaamista dhaq asalka qowmiyadda. Haddaba, si kastaba ha ahaatee, muddada tani ma aha in la sameeyo Gumilev ee "aragti of ethnogenesis."

June 15, 1992 ee St. Petersburg, dhintay Lev Gumilyov. Biography, qoyska iyo dhaxalka ah ee cilmiga ah ayaa lagu si kooban loo arkaa noo by. Hadda waxaad garan, si noqday wiilkiisii aad loo jecel yahay laba gabayaaga Ruush weyn.