GDR baabuurta la diwangalinayo

warshadaha Automotive degan ka dib markii qeyb ka mid dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ee Germany lahaa xididdada wanaagsan. The GDR ama Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Jarmal ah, ma ahayn dal la sifaynayo beerolay. Waxaa jiray dhirta ee lagu hayo warshadaha sida Auto Midowga, laan BMW iyo dhawr shirkadaha yaryar. injineerada Jarmal inay ka jari bartay dugsiyada isla, sidaas salka sayniska iyo warshadaha ee dalka ayaa ahaa heer sare. Waa maxay in dhamaadka waxaan la yaabeen suuqa baabuurta ee GDR ah?

Park baabuurta gaariga GDR ah

baabuurta GDR khilaafeen kala duwan wanaagsan. Waxay soo saartaa heli karo oo caan ah oo dhan, "Trabant", "Wartburg", EMW, "Horch", "Zwickau" iyo DKV. Tilmaamo muhiim ah oo baabuurta rakaabka ka mid ah Soviet ee Germany sida soo socota:

• design hore-wheel;
• laba-stroke engine,
• jirka dhaqaale ee duroplastic (inta badan);
• qaab fudud oo xoqdo ee jirka.

Shirkado badan ka dib markii horyaalka ee Germany ayaa darsadeen hal hayo gaari weyn oo lagu magacaabo IFA ( "IFA"). Inta badan loogu tala galay baabuur IFA. Habka ugu wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan iyaga ka mid ah - W50L - ahaa mid aad u caan ah oo magac caan ah "Ellie".

Ha ka fikiro si aynu si faahfaahsan baabuurta GDR, beddelka, iyo waqtiga lagu jiro taas oo ay soo saartay.

DKW - baabuur Jarmal

Taariikhda shirkadda this bilaabay yar engine in baaskiilka. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka soo saarka ciidamada warshada ayaa la aasaasay. Laakiin milkiilaha shirkadda ahaa awoodaan in ay ka hor fiirin iyo is ogow of horumarinta engine awood badan qiime macquul ah. Waxaan lahaa fikradda ah in la abuuro baabuur in awoodi kari waayay qof kasta.

model DKW-F1 la sii daayay dagaalka ka hor. Waxaa jiray laba iyo dhululubo, baabuur hawada-qaboojiyey a. Waxaa jiray hakinta madax banaan iyo kala-goysyada xawaare joogto ah ama kala-goysyada xawaare joogto ah. "Gaariga ee GDR ah" - in lagu magacaabi karaa model DKW-F8. Waxaa intaa dheer waxay ahayd modelc ku F9, kaas oo la soo saaray ee jirka ku jira, xataa Combo. Waayo, dhammaan mashiinada kuwaas design hore-wheel iyo unit xoogga hawada-qaboojiyey ahaa caadiga ah.

Warshad, oo u tegey sii daayo DKV, oo ku yaalla Zwickau iyo Eisenach. Lifaaqa in mashiinada brand ee F8 iyo F9 daydo ahaa IFA. Waxaa ka hadlay ay xubno ka yihiin kooxda baabuurta United ee GDR ah.

"Zwickau P70 AWZ"

Ka dib markii horumarinta DHQ ahaayeen "Zwickau". DuropLAS T - halkii jirka plywood daboolay maqaar dayashada, caag ah ayaa la dalbadaa. Tani waa ku haboon la xirrira halabuurka ah farcan of dumin kara phenolic la feathering daro suuf ah. Sababo la istareexsan ee wax soo saarka, Oo istareexsan oo xoog qaraabo ah waxyaabaha la si deg deg ah helay taageero jawi baabuur miisaaniyadda.

Sida ay horreeyay DKW-F8, "Zwickau" lahaa engine a transverse. Waxaa uu ahaa biyo-qaboojinta iyo nidaamka korontada gaariga waa 12 volts. gear waxay ahayd saddex-yada. Of design muuqaalada waa in la ogaadaa marsho Xadhig. Waxa uu ku egyahay xaq dhex qaboojinta hiitarka. Baabuurta ee GDR ah, qaababka farsamo taas oo la yaab yaabaa, qasbo iyaga u bogi maanta.

baabuur P70 AWZ off line-soo-saarka ee 1955 iyo lahaa ayna duleella u qaarkood. Gaar ahaan, si ay u helaan qol boorsooyinka, iyo kursiyada hore gadaal ayaa hoos loo baahdo. sidoo kale ma jirin kooxda dagistii daaqadaha. Sannad ka dib u muuqday version Combi, kaas oo lahaa boot weyn iyo saqafka fudud of maqaar dardaro dahaaran sameeyey. model sports More la sii daayay sannad ka dib, oo wuxuu lahaa jirka ah si weyn dib uqaabaynta, laakiin heerka Waayo, kuwaas oo mashiinada engine.

The caan ah "Trabant"

Trabant in hab Jarmal "Sputnik". sii daayo gaariga nidaam this la bilaabay 1957, markii ugu horeysay ee satellite Soviet la bilaabay meel. Tirada guud ee baabuurta, la daabacay magaca "Trabant", oo ay ku jiraan ka horreeyay P70, dhaafto 3 million. brand Tani baabuur ee GDR ahaa astaanta dhabta ah ee dalka. Macna ma laha inta lagu xadgudbay, "Trabi", iyo mahad mishiinka, tiro badan oo ah dadka laga yaabaa "istaagi on giraangirihii." Sidaas daraaddeed, waxa uu ahaa baabuur this?

Sida ay horreeyay "Zwickau P70", "P50 Trabant" (sidoo kale version ee P60 iyo P601) wuxuu lahaa jirka duroplastovy on lafaha bir ah. unit Awoodda ahaa awoodda laba-stroke of 26 litir ah. a. oo wuxuu lahaa mugga 0.5 ama 0.6 litir ah. Qaboojinta Engine ahaa by hawada. Shidaal si carburetor ah by gravity taangiga shidaalka, taas oo halkan ku yaal, in qol engine ka helay. Chadyaschie engine dambe noqday khasaaro weyn. Maxaa yeelay, isaga at the "Trabi" ahaa naaneesta ah - ". Koofiyadda baaskiilka koxdiisa la guud"

The ganaaxyo hore iyo xagga dambe ahaayeen madax banaan. Qaab ahaan, waxaa la sameeyaa ilo transverse ah. marsho isteerinka saxda ahaa mahad qaadeen in marsho hayayaashii. Qayb ka mid ah gaariga, oo loogu talagalay dadka naafada ah, waxay leeyihiin gear semi-automatic ah. Gudbinta gacanta shaqeysiin by darawalka iyo xajin waxaa si toos ah u sameeyeen shir korontada gaarka ah.

In 1988, ee "Trabant" Hagaaji in model P1.1. isbedelka ugu weyn ee - engine cusub ka awood WV Polo of 41 litir. a. iyo mugga a shaqeeya ee 1.1 litir. ka sedan ah classic reebo, Trabant waxaa soo saaray in baabuur saldhiga. Waxa kale oo jiray model ah oo u furan Trump ciidamada iyo ugaarsiga. baabuurta Rakaabka ah GDR, taariikhda abuurista kaas oo la wada horumariyay warshadaha, waa dhow dadka. "Trabi" - mid ka mid ah baabuurta kuwa.

"Wartburg" ka GDR ah

Mark ee GDR "Wartburg" gaariga - labaad ugu caansan ka dib "Trabant". Baabuurtaas la shireen at warshadda ee Eisenach dheeraad ah tan iyo 1956. The eed gaariga u adeegi jireen sida "IFA F9" ama F9 DKW ah, kaas oo la soo saaray ka hor. Doorshadan Model ahayd Wartburg 311. Marka la barbardhigo ah "Trabant" iyo ururka ka horeeyey, ee "Wartburg" lahaa bir dheeraad ah design. Jirku wuxuu ahaa badan sabab u ah waxa gaariga sii badan waasac ahaa.

unit Awoodda 311 at Wartburg ahayd 3-dhululubo laba-stroke. nidaamka sifaynta Normal weli ma ayaa la been abuurtay. Sidaa darteed, ka qiiq qaaca ayaa sanqadh mooto gaar ah oo kala ahaa maqashay markii engine la socda. Sidoo kale, ka duwan Trabant, "Wartburg" lahaa qaboojinta oo biyo ah. Faa'iidooyinka model ah waa in ka mid ah si caddaalad ah oo casri ah muddo sanado ah kuwa eegi.

In 1965, ee "Wartburg" waxaa lagu casriyeynta. Waxaa la si weyn u uqaabaynta jirka. line Round si tartiib tartiib ah bedelay si toos ah. Bedelida ayaa tiriyey 353. jirridda bannaan Large daydo xitaa more bedelay baabuur iyo gaari laga qaadayo. Imaansho wax baabuur garabaka ah Soviet Vaz-2101. Faa'iida weyn ee model ahaa isla engine 2-stroke. wax soo saarka yar-yar ee ka dhigaysa "Wartburg" ka qaalisan, in la barbardhigo isla "Trabi" ah. Guud ahaan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiimaha lagu heli karo, iyo gaariga ayaa si guul leh dhoofiyo wadamada dariska ah.

dayactirka Last "Wartburg" ka dhacay sanadkii 1988. Markaas gaariga helay tirada 1.3 oo helay motor caadi ah ka mugga WV Polo of 1.3 litir. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farqiga farsamada guud ayaa xoog, iyo in 1991 geedka lagu iibsaday baxay by Opel. At Wartburg maanta, sida dadka kale oo ka mid ah baabuurta GDR - failed.

Soviet BMW

Waxaa la og yahay in gayiga Soviet Jarmal (ama East Germany) ahayd warshad BMW. Waa maxay nooca baabuurta soo saaray ee warshadda, kaas oo sidoo kale ay la? Isla markii dagaalka waxaa la sameeyey BMW 321 iyo 327. BMW model ugu dambeeyay waa gaari sports classic waqtiga. Waayo, muuqaalka dibada ah arrin soo jiidasho leh ee mishiinka qariyey 6-dhululubo oo ku dhowaad engine 2 litir. Shiidaalka galo engine 2 carburetors. 327 model dardar karaa 125 km / h.

Ka dib markii la aasaasay ee GDR ah si ay u isticmaalaan brand BMW uu noqday wax aan macquul aheyn. Sidaa darteed, waxaa lagu asal ay naqshada - ". Motor Eisenach ku Works" EMW, kaas oo micnihiisu yahay Oo tusaale ugu horeysay ee shirkadda cusub ee 1949, wuxuu noqday EMW 340. Waxaa dib uqaabaynta BMW 326 iyo, dhab ahaantii, u GDR gaari u gaar ah marka hore. Gebi jirka uqaabaynta, taasoo ka dhigeysa powerplant shiidaa iska beddelin. Haddaba gaariga kortaan yaabaa shan iyaga ka mid ah. Xuddunta ayaa kor u kacay in 4200 rev. / Min. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u baaxada weyn ee xawaaraha ugu badan waxay ka yaraayeen - 120 km / h.

3 saarta beddelka EMW 340: sedan, baabuur station ama baabuur Combi iyo kaas oo la sameeyey qori. gaariga ayaa waxaa aad loogu isticmaalaa in adeegyada qaranka sida booliiska, isbitaalada iyo hay'adaha dawladda. Inta badan baabuurta maanta ay ku lug retrovystavkah iyo nololba quruxsan firfircoon. xal farsamo badan ayaa la isticmaalaa EMW ka dibna soo bixitaankii ah "Wartburg 311". baabuurta Real GDR, photos, sharaxaad ka mid ah oo laga heli karo in this article maanta - rarities dhabta ah.

Baabuurta for tartanka giraanta - "Melkus RS1000"

Waxaan ka hadleynaa baabuur tartan ka Democratic Republic Jarmal ah, kuwaas oo laga soo ururiyey aqoon isweydaarsi yar hoos jihada of Heinz Melkusa. Ninkan ahaa giraanta goosh idiindhagaysan. First uu furay dugsiga driving a, ka dibna waxa ay ahayd fikrad ah si ay u ururiyaan oo ku saleysan "Wartburg" baabuurta inaan orotonno.

In 1959 yimid duwanaansho ugu horeysay ee Melkusa. Magaca model waxa uu ahaa mid fudud: "Melkus-Wartburg". In 1968 wuxuu shaqada on jidhka ka bilaabay qaab a Coupe sports ka Maro adag. model Tani waxay u muuqataa nooca albaabada garabka Cam. Sida unit awood u isticmaali 70 ama 90 motor hooras in mugga of 1-1.2 litir. Thanks isaga si, baabuur tartan gaadhi karo xawaare ilaa 165 km / h (9 ilbiriqsi ilaa 100 km / h). beddelid waxa loo qoondeeyey Melkus RS1000. Kaliya 100 nuqul ayaa la soo saaray. Nasiib darro, dhimashada Heinz ka dib markii in ay sii wadaan shaqada on sameynta gawaarida sports ma dhicin.

All-wheel baabuur drive ee GDR ah

baabuurta GDR aan ku faani karta cross, inkastoo ay jiraan dhab ah oo dhan-wheel drive (4 × 4) mashiinada, taas oo aan loo qaybiyey. The ugu horeysay ahayd "Horch". Muuqdaa waxa uu ahaa Horch ee 901, laakiin magaca uu ahaa kala duwan - HK1. Waxaa jiray Jaha engine nooca-V, kaas oo lahaa 80 l. a. at mugga a of 3.6 litir.

The labaad baabuurta drive afar-wheel waxaa laga soo saaray at laanta hore ee BMW ee Eisenach. Magaca Main - P1, laakiin waxaa jiray fursado kale: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. By gaari lahaa 2 litir unug awood 6-dhululubo ee 55 litir. a. Ka hor inta geedka si buuxda u dhisi hoostiisa "Wartburg", u suurtagashay in ay sameeyaan oo ku saabsan 160 gogo 'P1.

The model drive afar-wheel aasaasiga ah, GDR la arkaa P2. Waxaa la soo saaray on qarsoodi ah "UJEEDDO 37" inta lagu jiro muddada u dhaxaysa 1955 in 1958. ku saabsan 1,800 unug ayaa la soo saaray inta lagu jiro waqtigan. Dibadda, gaariga uu ahaa mid aad u aamusan. Diyaarad angular ee jirka ayaa laga yaabaa in ay raqiis ah in ay soo saaraan. Laakiin muuqaalka this qarinayaan awood engine 6-dhululubo ee 2.4 litir mugga at 65 litir. a. oo saldhig-wheel-drive gaaban ah.

horumarinta kama dambeynta ah ee samaynta GDR uu noqday P3 model ah. ansixin Ground uu noqday xitaa ka sii badan - 330 mm. Number of motor "fardo" ayaa sidoo kale kor u 75. Sidoo kale noqday muuqaalka dheeraad ah la soo bandhigi karo ee jirka. Halkan waxaa ku jiray gacanta lagu 4-xawaare iyo kiiska kala iibsiga 2-xawaaraha. Waxaad quful laga yaabaa kala duwan xarunta.

gaari Light "Barkas"

Baabuurta oo ka mid ah GDR, kaas oo lahaa naqshada brand IFA dhab leeyihiin alaabta shirkadaha kala duwan. Mid ka mid ah basaska loo yaqaan iyo baabuurta fudud yihiin "Daahfurka". engine Laba-stroke ah "Wartburg" sida xaqiiqada ah waa xalka ugu wanaagsan ma. Xaaladdan oo kale, "Barkas" lahaa ganaax madax banaan on Xuddunta ah ee wheel kasta. Thanks to hor-wheel drive sagxada qol ee basaska ahaa ugu qiimo tiro. Tani waxay ku darayaa meel gudaha weyn.

engine 3-dhululubo la mugga a of 1 litir gaari ayaa ku orday ilaa 8 qof oo ilaa 100 km / h. version hore ee "Longboat" ahaa V naqshada 901/2 iyo mar horeba la qiime albaabka dhinaca ah ahaa. Waxa uu soo saaray gaari noocan oo kale ah ee 1951-1957 sano.

beddelka ka dib waxay ahaayeen baabuur la engine ka IL: "Moskvich 412". muunad Tani ayaa loo magacaabay Barkas B1000. Later, ee 1989, on the "Daahfurka" ayaa lagu rakibay naaftada 4-stroke motor ka WV. model index sidaas bedelay in B1000-1.

saldhiga ugu weyn ee "Longboat B1000" helay tiro badan oo ah takhasuso. Halkan ahaayeen:

• microbus;
• baabuurta ambalaaska,
• matoorada dabka;
• baabuurta loogu talagalay dib u soo kicinta,
• basaska dahaaran.

baabuurta GDR "Barkas" waxay ahaayeen badan baahida. Waayo, markii ay wax soo saarka oo dhan waxaa la sii daayay ku dhawaad 180 000 oo unugyada.

Baabuur "IFA"

Waayo, weedha ah "truck" ELISA "Waa adag tahay in la arko xubin ka gaari gaar ah walaac gaar ah. Ugu hal mar waxay ahayd badan oo wareer, laakiin ugu danbeyn gaari IFA waxaa loo arkaa baabuur W50L la magac qaran" Ellie "Warqadda ayaa. W ee horyaalka loola jeedaa magaalada halkaas oo loo qorsheeyay baabuur this - Werdau warqad a of L -. magaalo halkaas oo la soo saaray -. tirada 50 Ludwigsfelde ayaa sheegay in gaari ay qaadi karaan 50 quintals, ama 5 tan.

IFA W50L lahaa unit awoodda naaftada ugu horeysay 110 litir. s, iyo ka dib-habeynta -. leh 125 litir. a. Waxay soo saartaa tirada weyn ee qaaska ah ee gaariga. Waxaa hubi ahaayeen damiska, wiishashka, qadaha baabuur, rigs qodista. photo ee gaari ciidan ee GDR ah ayaa laga yaabaa in sidoo kale lagu muujinayaa sida saxda ah W50L.

Gaari xamuul ah "Ellie" in baahida weyn oo ahaa mid aad u caan ah ma ahan oo keliya ee Bariga Germany, laakiin sidoo kale dibadda. USSR ayaa sidoo kale ayaa loo isticmaalaa modified gaari oo xamuul ah oo flatbed. In ka badan oo dhan muddo 25-sano ka conveyor soo degay ka badan 570 kun oo unugyo.

baabuur The "Robur"

"Robur" waa baabuur-waajib dhexdhexaad ah, macmalay ee 1961 magaalada Zittau. LO Model 2500 qaadi karaa 2.5 tan oo payload. Waxa kale oo jiray a version naaftada LD 2500 oo dhan-wheel version military drive ee 1800a LO, kuwaas oo qaatay xamuulka ah 1,800 kg.

In 1973, waxaa jiray wax ka beddelid ah jihada of sii kordhaya capacity ah. Haddaba baabuurta naaftada kiciyey 2.6 tons oo shidaal - 3 iyo 2 tons. Powertrains u noqday awood badan. 75 "fardo" ayaa noqotay baatrool "Robur" iyo 70 - naaftada. Cab badelin iyo sidoo kale hoy 3 qof.

baabuur ma ahayn sida uu shacbiyad u W50L IFA, iyo bartamihii 70s-bilaabeen inay noqdaan huriye. Ku dhowaad dhammaan baabuurta xamuulka GDR, photos of taas oo loo arki karaa in this article, waxay leedahay qaabab angular fudud. Laakiin farqiga ugu weyn ahaa, dabcan, farsamo.

multikar baabuur ku haboon

baabuurta GDR ahaayeen baabuurta park iyo baabuurta. Laakiin iyaga ka mid ahaayeen waxyaabaha sida Multicar. Tani waxay iftiinka heeganka baabuur ujeedooyin kala duwan. Shirkadaha soo saara multikary oo wuxuu u yeedhay - Multicar. Waxaa socday ilaa 2005.

First multikary GDR loogu talagalay qaybinta alaabta gudahood bakhaar iyo warshada dhismaha. naaftada Tani baabuurta DK2002 iyo DK2003. Later, model ah DK2004 modified ayaa loo magacaabay Multicar M21. Tani waxay sidoo kale gaari ayaa la isa soo taraysa u faah. Haddii ay marka hore darawalka waxay istaagi karin oo kaliya, ka dibna wuxuu u fadhiisteen, iyo ugu danbeyn noqday multikara a qol double.

basaska GDR

Waxa intaa dheer in park ee baabuurta iyo baabuur ee GDR halkaas joogay shirkadda basaska saarta a. Waxaa loo soo saaray ganacsiga gaarka loo leeyahay Fritz Fleischer. Brand basaska S1 iyo S2 waxaa lagu dhisay oo ku saleysan IFA H6B. In 70s ee model ugu horeysay ee jirka iyo bedelay magaca: S4 iyo S5, siday u kala horreeyaan. Baabuurta ee sumadda GDR ah S4, S5 ilaa dhamaadka ah 80 ayaa la siiyaa adeeg weyn, sababtoo ah ka "Ikarus" basaska ajnabiga ah ee Midowga gooni mar dambe ma ahaa.

halkii ay ka gunaanad

Ka fiirsaneysa model GDR baabuurta, ogaan doonaa taariikhda oo dhan dhismaha. baabuurta sirgaxan iyo coroge-raadinta gargaarana buuxa dadka waayahaas. Oo wakhtiga oo ka mid ah baabuurta GDR - kaliya curiosities.