Waa maxay habka doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka

Russia, sida ay inta badan ee qareennada - waa jamhuuriyad madaxweynaha. mugga ugu weyn ee awoodda xoogga sidaas ku jirta gacanta Madaxweynaha, doorteen dadka. Dhab ahaantii, by yahay waxa nidaamyada Russia dooran Madaxweyne? Waa maxay shuruudaha musharrax ee jagada ugu sarraysa?

doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruush: wajiyo muhiim

RF Dastuurka qeexaya hab ay ugu muhiimsan kaas oo noqotay doorashada Ruush - a xilldhibaan oo si toos ah muwaadiniinta. Waxa xiiso leh in sharciga ugu weyn ee gobolka ayaa sheegay in waxba kama kale oo ah (waxaa jira dhowr musharax tiir kasta oo madax ka ah gobolka) doorashooyinka, laakiin tiro ka mid ah falalka kale ee sharciga ah ee wajigan ah shaaca filan si faahfaahsan.

Qofka codsan kartaa booska uu ka Madaxweynaha Ruushka, haddii uu hore u 35 sano. Tani waa mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee musharaxiinta. shuruud kale oo muhiim ah - hoyga ee Russia ugu yaraan 10 sano jir waqtiga doorashada. Isla mar ahaantaana, sida uu u sheegay qareenno dhowr, in sharciyada Federation Ruush ma jiraan warar si toos ah in Musharaxa jagada Madaxweyne ee Federation Ruush ah wuxuu noqon karaa qof ku dhashay Russia oo kaliya.

Sidee magacaabista murashaxiinta? Qofka noqon kartaa musharax haddii uu soo magacaabi doonaa koox ka mid ah muwaadiniinta kale ama ururka doorashada. Sidoo kale waa suurto gal ah in is-horumarinta. Dhinacyada la xiriira shuruudaha musharrax ee jagada ugu sarreysa dadweynaha ee Ruushka, in faahfaahin dheeraad ah.

Magacaabida musharaxiinta: Gudigga ah

Waa maxay shuruudaha ka qaybgalka waxey doorashada madaxtinimada? Qaabka loo codaynta doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka ka mid ah Xeerarka soo socda oo ku saabsan arrin this. Musharixiinta jagada of madaxa gobolka Ruush, sida aynu kor ku xusan, waxay ka qaybqaadan karaan doorashooyinka sidii hab is, iyo dhexdhexaadinta ururo - kuwaas oo inta badan yihiin dhinacyada.

Xaaladda hore, muwaadin ah, oo doonaya in ay u helaan xoogga Madaxweynaha Ruushka, inkasta oo ay nafteeda u waasiciyo, habase yeeshee waa inay helaan kaalmo gaar ah ugu yaraan 500 oo ka mid ah wadanka ay. Xaaladdan oo kale, codsadaha for tiir kasta oo madax ka ah gobolka loo baahan yahay in si ku habboon si ay u diiwaan-aad "koox taageero" ee CEC ah. In kiiska labaad - marka musharaxa xisbiga weeraryahanka dhigeysa - ururka this dadweynaha waa in si rasmi ah ka diiwaan gashan diiwaanka dawladda. Saxnaanta ku-iyada - ugu yaraan hal sano ka hor doorashada madaxtinimada. Waxa xiiso leh in ka yar shardi ah in Musharraxa la magacaabay xisbiga, ayuu waa in aanay noqon xubin ka mid ah. obdeninenie Public matalayay Baarlamaanka, taageeri karaan musharaxa kaliya oo la soo doortay oo madax ka ah gobolka.

In labada xaaladood - is-magacaabista ama si ay u taageeraan xisbiga - musharax u taagan xilka Madaxweynaha waxaa waajib ku ah in ay bixiyaan si ay u CEC ugu yaraan 1 milyan oo saxiix. Waxay la filayaa in ay ansixiyaan magacaabista. Tirada ugu badan ee saxiixyada mid kasta oo ka mid ah maadooyinka ee xiriirka ah waa in aanay ka badan 70 kun. musharaxa looga baahan yahay Tani waxaa looga fogaan karaa haddii ay u askareeyaan taageerada xisbiga haysta wuxuu waajib ka jira in Duma Gobolka.

Diyaarinta iyo anshaxa doorashooyinka

Doorashada madaxa Ruush ee gobolka by aqalka sare ee Barlamaanka Federaalka magacaabay. Go'aanka baahisey maamulka waa inay qaataan ugu yaraan 3 bilood ka hor taariikhda loogu talo galay doorashada Madaxweynaha. Haddii ay muuqato in 35 maalmood ka hor maalinta doorashada ee liiska doorashada la joogo 2 musharax ma noqon doonto, doorashada dib loo dhigo doono 60 maalmood oo kale.

Sida caadiga ah, dhowr bilood ka hor taariikhda la filayo cod ee madaxa gobolka ee Russia bilaabmaa ololaha doorashada. Musharixiinta doonaya in ay ku guuleystaan kalsoonida muwaadiniinta ku hawlan advertising siyaasadeed, qabanqaabiyaan doodo, u qabtaan hawl in sameysmi karaa ay image wanaagsan indhaha codbixiyayaasha ee.

Doorashada Madaxweynaha RF waxaa la qabtaa on Sunday ugu horreeya ee bisha taas oo muwaadiniinta dalka u tageen inay doorashada ugu dambeeyey. Sharcigu wuxuu ogol yahay suurogal ah in Golaha Federation, waayo, wax kasta oo sababaha, ma iyaga ka dhigan kama dambeyska ee loo baahan yahay gudahood. Xaaladdan oo kale, nidaamka doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka waa in hindisaha aado gacmaha CEC. jidhkan magacaabay iyo doorashada la dhacdadaas oo kale, Sunday labaad ee isla bishaas, taas oo sida caadiga ah waa Council Federation waa in xil dhacdo ku habboon.

doorashooyinka

Haddii musharax u taagan jagada madaxa gobolka ayaa helay in ka badan 50% codadkii, waxa uu isla markiiba uu noqdo Madaxweynaha la doortay. Haddii aqlabiyad fudud - waxa lagu qoray wareega labaad. On xaqiiqda ah ee shirka uu Madaxweynuhu waa qof hela ugu yaraan hal cod ka badan uu soo horjeeda.

Terms of xafiiska

doorashada Term Madaxweynaha Ruushka, oo uu sharcigu jideeyay - 6 sano. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, awoodaha way joojiyo toogasho ah sida ugu dhakhsaha badan post yimaado madaxa cusub ee gobolka. Sharcigu wuxuu ogol yahay xaaladood, taas oo laga yaabaa in Madaxweynaha is casilo. Xaaladdan oo kale, Golaha Federation waxaa waajib ku ah inuu u soo yeedho doorashada madaxweynaha hore. Muddada taas oo senators waa in ay buuxiyaan, - 14 maalmood laga bilaabo taariikhda Madaxweynaha marka uu joogsanayo awoodaha. Maalinta doorashadu, kiiskan - Sunday ee la soo dhaafay ka hor maalinta uu dhacayo 90 maalmood ka tagay ee Madaxweynaha ka soo baxay xafiiska.

Marka doorashada baadil

Qaabka loo codaynta doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka u oggolaanaysa in aqoonsiga doorashooyinka baadil kiiskan madaxa gobolka. Marka waa tan ay suuragal tahay? seenyo koowaad: maray wareega labaad, musharax, laakiin waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah oo keliya, iyo waxa uu doortay ugu yaraan 50% ka mid ah muwaadiniinta. Sidoo kale, doorashada laga sheego sax ahayn haddii mid ka mid ahaa musharaxiinta uu helo in ka badan kala badh codadka wareegga koowaad. Ikhtiyaar kale - waqtiga doorashada, dhammaan musharaxiinta ka mid ah tartanka. Sidoo kale ka fiirsaneysa inay nidaamka doorashada lagu dhawaaqi doonaa ka jirin haddii ayey doorasho ka ahaa in ka yar 50% cod-bixiyayaasha diiwaan-gashan. Ka fiirso sifooyinka urur dhabta ah ee wareegii labaad.

Wareegii labaad ee doorashada

habka doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruush bixisaa in wareega labaad ee doorashada madaxweynaha oo lagu qabtay 21 maalmood ka dib markii ugu horeysay ee. Isla mar ahaantaana, mid ka mid ah musharrixiinta ka soo gudbay wareega xiga haddii, go'aansato in aad joojiso ka qayb doorashooyinka, waxa ninkii soo qaaday, wuxuu ahaa kii saddexaad ee wareega hore. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay timmaado suurto gal halkaas oo muwaadiniin Ruush dooran doona Madaxweynaha ee marxaladda labaad, iyadoo ka qaybgalka musharaxa. Run, waa in wareega labaad waa in ay keenaan ugu yaraan 50% ka mid ah codadka muwaadiniinta. Ogsoonow in ka yar marxaladan hawlaha doorashada ee looga baahan yahay muuqaalka halkaas.

Marka doorashada waa baadil

Qaabka loo codaynta doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka ka mid ah xaalad ay doorashada lagu dhawaaqo ka jirin. Waxaa suurto gal ah, tusaale ahaan, haddii natiijada cod muuqan laysku halayn karin sababo la xiriira xadgudubyada. Ikhtiyaar kale - haddii tiro badan oo goobaha (sameynta hal ama in ka badan rubuc ka mid ah tirada guud ee codbixiyayaasha) natiijada doorashada ayaa loo aqoonsan yahay, waayo, taasu ama sababo kale, aan sax ahayn. seenyo kale - burin maxkamadda doorashada.

Haddii doorashada madaxweynaha waxaa loo kala saaraa dhammaystirnayn ama sax ahayn, iyo sidoo kale haddii wareega labaad, labada musharax ayaa joojiyay ka qayb tartanka xilka madaxweyne ee Chamber Sare ee Baarlamaanka Ruushka fuliya nidaamka dib-u-doorashada ee madaxa gobolka. Waa in poizoyti afarta bilood ee soo socda laga bilaabo taariikhda marka go'aanka waxaa loo sameeyey in la aqoonsado doorashada hore aan waxba ka jirin.

Imisa jeer noqon kartaa Madaxweyne?

Sida aan kor ku xusay, muddada doorashada Madaxweynaha Federation Ruush - 6 sano. Mid ka mid ah iyo qof isla waqti isku mid ma qaban karaan xafiis ka badan laba waqti u dhigma oo isku xigta. Xaaladdan oo kale, Madaxweynaha dowladda Federation Ruush mar kale soo noqon kartaa gacmaha muwaadin ka dib markii uu ka shaqeyn doonaan wakhtigiisa shaqada.

Madaxweynaha xil

30 maalmood ka dib doorashada waxaa la qabtaa madaxa gobolka Ruush iyo waxaa go'aamiya ku guuleystay, habka soo galo waxaa la sameeyaa doortay Madaxweynaha Ruush ee xafiiska. Dhacdadani waxa ay inta badan baahin live on TV gobolka iyo wadooyin kale oo radio. In hoolka grand, halkaas oo ay ku soo galo Madaxweynaha ee xafiiska, waxaa soo xaadari kara by wakiilada dawladaha, xisbiyada siyaasadeed, ururada dadweynaha of Russia iyo dalalka kale.

Inta lagu jiro dhacdada, ka qayb galay Senate aqalka sare ee baarlamaanka, Duma ee Gobolka, iyo sidoo kale garsoorayaasha Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah ee Ruushka, madaxa cusub ee gobolka qaadataa dhaartii. Ka dib markii uu u oofin karin uu awood rasmi ah ilaa iyo inta aysan u qaadan meel bedelka ama ilaa dadka ha dib-u-dooranaya isaga, iyadoo ay wada joogaan fursad-dejinta ku haboon.

Theses dhaartay

dhaar ma keeno qof ayaa isagu ahaa ku simaha madaxa gobolka, haddii hore loo joojiyo awoodaha ay leedahay. Isla mar ahaantaana waxa ay keentaa dib-u-soo doorto Madaxweyne a of Federation Ruush - si la mid ah sidii lagu sameeyay in goor hore. Waxay qaadataa madaxa dhaar Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ah.

Habka ee su'aasha waxaa la siiyaa wadamo badan oo kale oo dunida dacaladeeda ah. In tiro ka mid ah dalalka, sida uu u sheegay qareenno dhowr, Madaxweynaha doonaa xafiiska qaado oo kaliya ka dib markii la dhaariyay. daawooyinka noocan oo kale ah, gaar ahaan, la joogo ee Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Czech iyo Slovakia. Aqoonyahano badan ayaa waxay aaminsan yihiin in dhaqan la mid ah waxa ay joogtaa Russia, ku saleysan qaar ka mid ah ereyada sharciga ugu weyn ee dalka. Qareenada Sayidka, waxaa la rumeysan yahay doortay Madaxweynaha rasmi ah ma laga yaabaa, iyada oo ah nidaamka sharci sax ah xafiiska qaadan oo aan dhaartii. Inkasta oo ay calaamad si toos ah cawaaqibka nooca la mid ah sharciyada Ruushka lahayn.

Xuquuqda iyo waajibaadka madaxa gobolka

Waa maxay xuquuqda aasaasiga ah ee Madaxweynaha Ruush on xaqiiqda ah ee uu xafiiska? Qareenada ayaa waxaa ka mid in ay tirada soo socda:

- magacaabista Ra'iisul Wasaaraha (ama Ra'iisul Wasaaraha);

- maareynta kulamada dowladda,

- magacaabidda afti rayidka ah,

- iscasilaadda ee dowladda.

Oo ay la socdaan xuquuqda madaxa gobolka Ruush leeyihiin waajibaadka. Waxaa ka mid fure u ah - siyaasad sameynta shisheeye ee dalka, hordhaca ah ee biilasha baarlamaanka, saxiixa nidaamka la soo dhaafay in la meelmariyo falalka sharci ah, daabacaadda ilo u gaar ah - wareegtooyinka, amarrada. Fiiro gaar ah in qareenada qaar ka mid ah ha la kala saaro xuquuqda Madaxweynaha Ruushka oo xilkiisa, Mu'minaadka ah in ay tahay ku filan adag tahay si loo ogaado haddii ay taasi shuruudaha loo baahan yahay. Tusaale ahaan, edition la mid ah amarradii, sida laga soo xigtay khubaro, waxaa loo saarin karaa in aadanaha.

maalgelinta doorashooyinka

Waa maxay habraaca loo marayo doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka ee dhinaca dhaqaalaha? Inta badan hawlaha la xidhiidha diyaarinta iyo anshaxa ee la taaban karo ee doorashada madaxweynaha Ruushka, waxaa la bixiyaa kharash ku miisaaniyadda federaalka. Isla mar ahaantaana, musharax kasta waxaa loo baahan yahay in la abuuro lacag u gaar ah, waayo maalgelinta dheeraad ah dhacdooyinka doorashada.

Arsaaqa lacag ah oo ka hooseeya musharax hay'adaha ay khusayso ee xafiiska madaxweynaha waa, ka dib markii sharciyada warbixinta dalka nidaaminaya ah.

tirinta codadka iyo baahinta natiijooyinka

By ka barta nidaamka doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka, eegmo kooban oo dhinaca tirinta codadka iyo baahinta natiijooyinka dhacdo doorashada. Ka dib markii doorashadii la xiray - at 20 pm waqtiga maxalliga ah, bilaabmaa, siday u kala horreeyaan, danbaysay natiijada doorashada. go'yaal daraasad Guddiga Local, statistics nuujiyo sameeyay hab maamuuska iyo xogta loo soo diray CEC ah. Natiijada waxaa markaas soo koobay in dokumentiga la wadaago. Xaddi badan dhibaatooyinka deegaanka this waxaa lagu gaarayaa iyada oo la isticmaalayo khayraadka technology sare - state of nidaamka iswada ee tirinta codka iyo falanqaynta tirokoobka xogta.

Daabacaadan rasmiga ah ee natiijada ka bartay dhacdooyinka doorashooyinka, iyo sidoo kale tirada codadka musharax kasta waa in la sameeyaa 3 maalmood gudahood ka dib markii maamuuska ugu danbeeyay ee Guddiga Doorashooyinka Dhexe ayaa la samayn doonaa. Xogta kasta oo ka mid ah saldhigyada dhulka codbixinta waa in lagu daabaco ee publications rasmi ah oo CEC 10 maalmood gudahood. Sida caadiga ah, xitaa ka hor inta natiijada doorashadu lagu sameeyey dadweynaha, sociologists sheegay natiijada bixitaanka-ra'yiururin - baadhitaan codbixiyayaasha at bixitaanka ka degaannada dhuleed in ay oggolaadaan in muwaadiniinta si aad u hesho fikrad xoqdo oo ku saabsan natiijada codadka.

Hawsha ugu horeysay doorashadii ka dib markii

Isagoo sii bartay qaabka uu xafiiska qaadataa Madaxweynaha Ruushka, nidaamka doorashada, awoodaha qof dad la doortay, waxaanu ka fiirsan karaa waa maxay waa tallaabooyinka u horeeya Madaxweynaha xal statutory ee dhinaca of dhibaatooyinka kontoroolka siyaasadeed. Xaqiiqada ah in Madaxweynaha ku soo galeen xafiiskiisa ku weheliyay qaar ka mid ah saameynta sharci ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedka hay'adaha dawladda. Gaar ahaan, ka saaray xubno ka tirsan Dowladda - kuwani waa shuruudaha sharciga nidaaminaya howlaha hay'adda ugu sarreeysa fulinta. Sidoo kale, sida uu u sheegay khubarada qaar ka mid ah in la beddelo, sida caadiga ah, qaab-dhismeedka jir ee Maamulka Madaxtooyada, iyo xaaladaha qaarkood oggolaaday wakiilada madaxa gobolka ee aqalka sare ee baarlamaanka iyo degmooyinka Federaalka Haartz laga saaray xafiiska.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xubnaha dhabta ah ee unugyada la xiriira sii wadaan in ay qabtaan hawlaha shaqada ilaa ay lagu qoray saraakiil kale iyo madaxda hay'adaha ama si sharci ah xajisto booskiisa sida shaqaalaha hadda. Sayidka, ugu horeeyay ee doorashada Madaxweynaha Ruushka oo la xiriira magacaabista posts ee dowladda ka dib. Mararka qaarkood - maamulka madaxa gobolka iyo tiro ka mid ah dhismayaasha kale ee maamul siyaasadeed. Isbedelka haddii qaab dhismeedka of Ruush Federation Xafiiska Madaxweynaha? Ka mid ah khubarada ma jiro heshiis ku saabsan arrintan, laakiin in Russia sharciga - Xeerarka in fashion ah habsami maamuli lahaa by mabaadi'da shaqaalaha wareeg ee xubnaha this. Sayidka, Waaxda Maamulka ee Madaxweynaha Ruushka - jirka ah in si madax-bannaan ka shaqeeya nidaamka ka tarjumaya doorashada madaxa gobolka.

Doorashada ee xaaladda dagaal

Iyadoo loo arkaa in, wixii xuquuq iyo waajibaad ayaa Madaxweyne, doorashada iyo awoodaha madaxa gobolka Ruush, sidoo kale bartay dhinaca of fulinta nidaamka doorashooyinka khuseeya sida waafaqsan sharciga legdinta. Indeed, haddii dal sabab kasta, jiideen khilaaf caalamiga ah, dadka u badan tahay ma aha ilaa doorashooyinka iyo tartanka madaxtinimada.

Ogsoonow in sharciga aasaasiga ah - Dastuurka - wax ku saabsan kiisaska noocaas ah ayuu yiri. Inkasta oo xeerkii Federaalka "On Law Martial" ayaa sheegay in in maamulka doorashooyinka, iyo sidoo kale aftida, aan la fuliyay in xaaladaha ku habboon. In uu yahay, Madaxweynaha sii joogi doonaa xafiiska ilaa inta sharciga legdinta aan la tirtiri doonaa. Muddada xilka madaxa gobolka sidaas lagu kordhin doonaa xitaa haddii uu horay u soo shaqeeyay 6 sano. Xeerka isla, sida uu u sheegay qareenno, sidoo kale waxay khusaysaa hay'adaha kale ee dawladda. By habka, in dalal badan oo taliskii sharci-dejinta wuxuu bixiyaa sharciyada la mid ah.

Russia ma leeyahay Madaxweyne ku xigeenka a?

No, meel dalkeena sida ma laga heli karaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray waqti marka la joogo nidaamka awood u ahaa. Tusaale ahaan, waqti ay hay'adda madaxtooyada oo keliya u muuqday - markii ugu horraysay ee USSR ah, ka dibna in sanadaha hore ka dib markii formation of Ruushka. Laakiin in Dastuurka, kaas oo la ansixiyay 1993, wax macluumaad ah oo ku saabsan jagada madaxweyne ku xigeenka aan goob joog ka ahaa. Iyo sidoo kale in mid ka mid ah beddelka ku xiga in ay sharciga aasaasiga ah ee dalka. Qareennada ayaa sheegaya in Madaxweyne ku xigeenka waa la joogo ee nidaamka awoodda tiro yar ee gobolada. First of dhan, waxaad qori kartaa horumarinta dhaqan u dhigma oo dalka Mareykanka ah, qaar ka mid ah dalalka Yurub, sida Bulgaria ama Cyprus.