World History: Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida

Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida qaaday meel dhexdhexaad ah oo aan si rasmi ah ay taageerto mid ka mid ah horjeeda. Kaliya ee 1945, dalka dagaal Germany iyo Japan. askari oo Turkish ma ka qayb-qaadan colaadaha. In this article waxaan ka hadli doonaa xaaladda gudaha ee dalka, iyo xiriirka diblomaasiyadeed Dawladaha kale ee 1941 - xisaabeedka 1945. iyo isku day si loo ogaado doorka Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida.

Xaaladda dalka dagaalka ka hor

calaamadaha Second World Turkey beegsaday France iyo England oo soo baxay tan iyo 1930 ka hor inta, waxay noqdeen isbeddel joogto ah. taageersaneyd line this ahaa Saracoglu Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibadda, kuwaas oo qaatay post ee 1938. Marka April 1939, heystey Italy, Albania, Turkey, United Kingdom ayaa la siiyaa damaanado ee ammaanka iyo xornimada. Bishii Oktoobar 1939 ee Ankara la saxiixay by falka British-Faransiis-Turkish gargaar labada dhinac. Isla mar ahaantaana, dalku ku soo jiray isku dayayaan si ay u ilaaliyaan xidhiidhka diblomaasiyadeed la Germany. Sidaas daraaddeed, June 18, 1941 heshiis aan gardarada la saxiixay dhexeeya awoodaha. Guud ahaan, Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida in ay wadaan inta u dhaxaysa labada blocks si ay u ilaaliyaan dhexdhexaadnimada.

Turkey-yada hore ee dagaalka

Xitaa ka hor qabsashadii German oo ka mid ah Ciidamada Faransiiska waxaa dhacay isbadalo in siyaasadda Turkiga. Waxaa si buuxda u dhaqaaqay meel dhex-dhexaad ah, halka aan diido aragti ah oo deeqsi ah in Britain. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guuldaradii ee France iyo guulaha ciidamada iyo siyaasadda dheeraad ah ee Germany ku hogaamiyay dawladda ee dalka in ay la xaajooto hogaaminta Hitler. Waxay la cayrsho saxiixa 18 June 1941 on saaxiibtinimada iyo non-gardarada heshiis. Waa in la ogaadaa in Germany ka hor inta uusan si guul ah ku soo duulay wadamada Balkan , oo waa mid aad u dhow xuduudda Turkish. Isla mar ahaantaana, in wararka xanta ah ee Ankara khatar suurto gal milatari ka Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Sidaas darteed, sanadkii 1940, ka qaybgalka Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ku jiray shaki. Dawladda ayaa sii siyaasadda ee Marba, isagoo u saxiixay heshiis uu kula dhinacyada dagaalamaya. booska Turkish sii hubo ka dib markii galo Midowga Soofiyeeti ee dagaalka.

Turkey ee 1941

June 22, 1941 Germany ayaa hoos u keenay Midowga Soofiyeeti dharbaaxo xoog badan. gobolka ugu weyn waxaa ku lugyeesho khilaafka a military ee dunida. Ka dib dhicin dagaalkii Jarmalka-Soviet Turkey maray June 25, 1941 note dowladda Soviet, taas oo Xaqiijiyay in ay dhexdhexaadnimada. Ankara ayaa sii waday in ay u hoggaansamaan ballanqaadyadii ay. Laakiin in sannadaha soo socda, gaar ahaan ka dib markii cadaadis ay Soviet oo ka mid ah dadyowga oo Muslim of Crimean iyo Caucasus, dareenka anti-Soviet kordhay Turkey.

Turkey ee 1942 - 1945 GG:. Xaaladda gudaha

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida waxaa lagu ma ku lug, colaadda si weyn u saameeyeen xaalada dhaqaale ee dalka. Si joogto ah u kordhay size ciidanka (1942 waxay lacag dhan 1 million askar iyo saraakiil). kharashka Milatariga ee 1945 "cunay" kala bar miisaaniyadda dalka. Turkey inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ahayd in hoos u dhaca dhaqaalaha, beeraha iyo dhaqanka. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah abaabulka mass iyo hordhaca ah ee kaararka Waayo, kibistii in Ankara iyo Istanbul. magaalada laga badiyay gacmahooda, iyo qiimaha wax soo saarka ugu lagama maarmaan koray. In 1942 wuxuu la soo bandhigay cashuurta hantida la ururiyey hantiilayaasha iyo ganacsatada dakhliga. Tani waxay keentay in ay sii qotodheeraata ah xiisadda dhaqaale, kaas oo la xidhiidha xad-gudub ah ee ka tirsan.

Xaaladda siyaasadeed ee dalka

Turkey intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Adduunka Second on kaca ee waddaniyadda - Turkism. Tani waxaa ka muuqataa ma aha oo kaliya in qorshaha siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee hormoodka, kaas oo la xiriira USSR. Tan waxaa si cad u muujiyey in falalka gudaha ee dawladda Turkiga, hagaajiyaa fikirka ah ee Pan-Turkism, mid kale oo la soo jeediyey by Turkiga Young iyo fikirka ka soo cusboonaaday cunsuriyadda horumariyo Atsyz Nehalem River.

Laga soo bilaabo 1940 in 1945 in vilaetah (gobolladiisa deggan qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay) ku shaqeeya sida waafaqsan sharciga legdinta. Marka tan la eego, waxaa inta badan waa xaaladood oo lala wareego hantida ahayn. In 1942, dawladda sameeyay Sukru Saracoglu, bilowgii olole ballaaran oo dacaayad waddani style Pan-Turkic.

Su'aasha ah Turkiga galo dagaalka

Tan iyo 1943, ee isbahaysiga la dagaalanka burcad-Hitler waxaa uu bilaabay in uu dadaal in ay galaan isku dhaca ah oo ku saabsan dhinaca of Turkey. Gaar ahaan waxa uu ahaa xiisaynayso Churchill. Turkey ayaa ku soo galeen dagaalka u ogolaan lahaa in la furo hore labaad ee Balkans iyo si looga fogaado in muuqaalka kore ee Ciidamada Soviet in dhulka. Winter 1943 shir lagu qabtay Adana. Churchill ayaa dadaal kasta si ay u helaan ka Madaxweynaha oo ka mid ah non-dhexdhexaadnimada Turkish. Laakiin wadahadalo ay yihiin kuwo aan guul u ah dhinacyada midkood. Turkey ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida sii waday in ay ku sii dhex-dhexaad ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, naxariis dawladda ahaayeen dhinaca Germany.

Bishii Oktoobar 1943, wakiilo ka quruumaha Allied soo ururay shir ee Moscow. Waxay go'aansadeen in ay sameeyaan diidmada Turkey ee dhexdhexaadnimada dhamaadka sanadka. Arrintan ayaa waxaa sidoo kale ka hadlay ee Qaahira iyo shirarka Teheran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Turkey dhawaaqday colnimadiinna inay soo galaan dagaalka.

Turkey waa in marxaladihii ugu dambeeyay ee dagaalka

Turkey inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida hogaaminayo siyaasad dual dhinaca awoodaha xafiiltamaan. In 1944, Xulafada joojiyay hubeyneyso dalka. Marka tan la eego, dawladda Turkiga ayaa lagu qasbay in ay ka tanaasulaan dhoofinta chrome in Germany. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, bishii June 1944, dhowr maraakiibta ciidamada Jarmal galay Badda Madow. Tani waxay keentay in ay xaalad xumeyd ah xaaladda, iyo Xulafada ka soo Turkey dalbaday inay ku jebi xiriirka Germany. August 2 dhammaan heshiisyada iskaashiga dhaqaale ee u dhexeeya labada dal ayaa la baajiyay.

Bishii Febraayo 1945, Shirkii Yalta bilaabay hawsheeda. Inta lagu guda jiro wadahadalka, xulafadooda ay go'aansatay in ay ka qayb qaataan dhismaha oo kaliya kuwa dalalka ku jiray isku dhac dhinaca xulafada Qaramada Midoobay. In this la xidhiidha, February 23, 1945, Turkey dagaal Germany. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ay ciidanka ayan ku lug lahayn dagaalka, dalka helay martiqaad si ay ugu biiraan Qaramada Midoobay.

Dood of cidhiidhi ku

dagaalka, at dib markii Shirka aabbo u bilaabay si uu ugala hadlo arrinta Badda Madow cidhiidhi ah. Heshiiska ayaa la saxiixay intii lagu doodi. Cidhiidhi ahaayeen in ay gacanta of Turkey iyo Midowga Soofiyeeti, sida awoodaha ugu xiiso. Intaa waxaa dheer, ay yihiin, si ay ammaanka iyo nabadda joogteeyaan ee gobolka Badda Madow, ma hor istaagi karaan isticmaalka wadooyinka kuwaas oo ay waddamada kale ee la damacsan colaadeed.

booska caalamiga ah ee Turkiga ee sano post-dagaal

dagaalka siyaasadda Turkey ka dib markii ay si cad u qeexay orientation pro-Western. Sidaas daraaddeed, oo raba in ay muujiyaan daacad u Mareykanka, dawladda A. Menderes ee July 1950 ee Korea soo kabsado uu damiska. Turkey ahayd dalka keliya ee Bariga Dhexe, ayaa ka qaybqaatay dagaalka gacanka Kuuriya.

Bishii Oktoobar 1951, dalka soo biiray NATO, waxaana uu saxiixay heshiis la Pakistan iyo Ciraaq. Baghdad Heshiiska (UK, Turkey, Ciraaq, Iran, Pakistan) - Under bacdi ee England iyo United States unit cusub military waxaa la aasaasay bishii November 1955. In 1959 waxaa loo beddelaa Treaty Organization Dhexe, xarunta oo ku yaalla Ankara.

natiijooyinka

Sidaas darteed, waa wax aan macquul aheyn in la yidhaahdo waa hubaal, Turkey ayaa ka qeyb galay dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ama ma. Rasmi ah, dalka ku hadhay oo meel dhexaad ah. Laakiin dawladda ayaa si joogto ah u iilato in ay iskaashi la mid ah ama dhinacyada kale. Turkey ka baxay dhexdhexaadnimada oo kaliya in February 1945, balse ay ciidanka ma ka qayb-qaadan colaadaha.