Khan Giray: Biography. guri ammaan Giray

Giray qoyskii ku dhawaad 350 sano oo xukunka by Khanate Crimean ah. Waxaa dunida tusay dad badan oo caan ah, qaar ka mid ah ay ahaayeen dowlada qudbad, iyo kuwa kale ayaa ka heleen xirfad in hawshii sayniska iyo dhaqanka. Nooca dambe waxaa ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan taariikhyahan farshaxanka iyo ethnographer Sultan Khan Giray. Biography The ninkan, iyo sheeko Giray guri ammaan oo dhan u noqon doonaa mawduuca of our dood.

Biography Khan Giray

Sultan Khan Giray waxa uu ku dhashay 1808 in waxa hadda waa Adygeya. Wuxuu ahaa ina saddexaad oo ka mid ah Sirkaalkii Crimean Tatar, ka Khan ee nooc yimid - Mehmeda Han Giray. Intaa waxaa dheer, in xididada uu biyaa ka Sultan iyo dhiig Circassian. The tayada ugu fiican oo ka mid ah labada dal isku maran yihiin waxa ku jira.

Ka dib markaad gaartey 29 sano jir wuxuu ka qaybgalay tiro ka mid ah dagaalladii Empire Ruush ah, halka isagoo darajo sarkaalka iyo dardaarankii qeybinta gaar ah. Laakiin in dagaalka Caucasian, halka ay guriga ku jeexjeexi, ma aanan ka qayb qaadan, inkastoo, dabcan, colaadda naxdin leh qalbigiisa wuxuu iska yidhi.

Khan Giray qoray tiro ka mid ah shuqulladii on ethnography, hiddaha iyo taariikhda fanka ee dadka Circassian, kuwaas oo helay warkiisiina wuxuu gaadhay dunida oo dhan. "Notes ku saabsan Circassia" iyo "dhaqan Circassian" iyaga ka mid ah. Waxa uu sidoo kale - qoraaga shuqullada dhowr ka mid ah tahay. Laakiin inta badan shuqulladiisii la daabacay kaliya uu dhintay ka dib. Khan Giray sidoo kale loo yaqaan abuuray ee alifbeetada Adyghe ah.

Tan iyo 1841 oo uu la firfircoon uga dhex dhulka jooggiisu sarreeyo ee (oo wakiil ka ah dawladda Ruush) ujeeddo ah dib u heshiisiinta olole. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dadaalka uu ku dhamaaday aan micne lahayn. Giray Khan ku dhintay da'da 34 sano, in 1842., si uu dalkii hooyo.

Ninkan aan caadi ahayn ka tagay wiil - Sultan Murat Giray, kii u dhashay sannaddii dhimasho aabbihiis. Laakiin ka qayb Suldaan Khan Giray horumarinta dhaqanka iyo suugaanta Adyghe - karaayi.

Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah version, waxay ahayd in uu sharaf Crimean tataarka doonayaan in ay magaca ku Khan Giray Kherson.

Aan u ogaato waxay ahaayeen awoowayaasha sida shakhsiyad aad u fiican.

salka guri ammaan ah

Aasaasihii of guri ammaan ah, taliyayaashii Crimea ahaa Xaaji Giray. mid ka mid ah laamaha ah, oo durriyadii Genghis Khan - Waxa uu ka soo nooc ka mid ah Tukatimuridov yimid. Sida laga soo xigtay version kale, xididdada Giray guri ammaan nooc Mongol ku Kireev soo degay, laakiin in Genghisides loo qoondeeyey dambe oo kaliya si ay ugu qiil xaqa ay u leeyihiin inay xukumaan.

Xaaji Giray waxa uu ku dhashay oo ku saabsan 1397 dalka reer Belarus ee casriga ah, halka loola jeedaa Grand Duchy reer Lithuania (GDL).

Waqtigaas, Zolotaya Orda waxaa xilliyada adag ku jira, waxaa si dhab ah loo kala qaybiyey dhowr dalalka madax banaan. Power ee Crimean ah, oo taageero ka Grand Lithuanian ee Duke ahaa awoodaan in 1441 in lagu soo qabto Haji Giray. Sidaas darteed, wuxuu noqday aasaasihii guri ammaan ah, taas oo meesha ka ee Crimean ku dhawaad 350 sano.

At isha awoodda

Mengli Giray - Khan, kuwaas oo saldhig u ah xoogga Khanate Crimean dhigay. Wuxuu ahaa ina Xaaji Giray, ka dib kuwaas dhimashada (in 1466) halgan waayo, xoog u dhexeeya carruurta.

Markii hore Khan ahaa ahaa curadkii Haji Giray - Nur Devlet. Laakiin Mengli Giray ay go'aansatay in ay sharciga. Dhowr jeer ee koorsada of halgan internecine this ee Khanate Crimean ah taliyaha bedelay. Xaaladdan oo kale, haddii Nur Devlet in sheegashada ay ahayd mid ku salaysan xoogga Horde Golden iyo urub Empire ah, bet Mengli ku ogaada Crimean deegaanka. Later biiray dagaalka hal walaalkiis - Eider. In 1477 waxaa suuragashay in ay qabsadaan carshiga Janibekov oo aan iska leh guri ammaan Giray ah.

Ugu dambeyntii, in 1478 Mengli Giray ugu dambeyntii laga adkaado yaabaa kooxda ay xafiiltamaan iyo galaan a xoog. Waxa uu ahaa kii aasaaskii xoogga Khanate Crimean dhigay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dagaalka ka dhanka ah musharixiinta kale, wuxuu lahaa wuxuu Galin uu gobolka wiilkaagiiba ee Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda, iyo in la siiyo koonfureed ee Crimean, taasoo qabsado xulafadeeda - Genoese ah, in ay gacanta tooska ah ee Turkigu.

Crimean Khan Giray Mengli isbahaysi la Moscow ka dhanka ah Horde Wayn (bedelka si Horde Golden ah), iyo Lithuania. In 1482 Ciidamada uu halakeeyey Kiev, kaas oo waqti iska ON. Marka ay fuliyeen mass Crimean tataarka weerarada ugaadhsiga on dalalka Grand Duchy reer Lithuania ee qaabka guud ee waafaqsan Moscow Treaty. In 1502 Mengli Giray dambeyntii halaagnay Horde ugu.

Dhintay Mengli Giray ee 1515.

Sii xoojinta awoodda Khan

Dheeraad ah oo ku xoogeeyey State Mehmed Giray - Khan, kaas oo xukumi jiray dhimashada Mengli Giray ka dib oo u imanayaa inuu wiilkiisa. aabbihiis duwan, waxa uu ahaa nin dhallinyaro ah oo diyaarinaya in uu noqdo taliye wax la horyaalka - kalga, oo Dirk in taliyuhu uu amiir taaj. Mehmed Giray keentay ololaha iyo baadhista abaabulay Mengli Giray badan.

By markii uu goysiga carshiga uu qabtay gacmihiisa oo dhan threads ee dawladda, si ay isku day walaalihiis inay fallaago waxaa lagu xukumay failure.

In 1519 Krymskoe Hanstvo ayaa si weyn u korortay tan iyo guurtay dhulkeeda ee Horde Nogai ah. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in Nogai ka adkaaday Kazakhs, oo sidaas lahaa in aad weydiisato hoy Mehmed Giray.

Marka Mehmed waxay ahayd is bedel ah siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Khanate Crimean ah. Ka dib markii Horde weyn ka adkaadeen aabbihiis by, baahida loo qabo isbahaysi la kibir Moscow waayay, si Mehmed Giray Khan sameeyey isbahaysi la Lithuania ka dhanka Russia. waxaa At ee 1521 olole ugu horeysay ee weyn ee tataarka Crimean ee kibir Moscow abaabulay.

Mehmed Giray u suurtagashay in ay ku riday carshiga dalka Kazan Khanate walaalkiis - Shahib Giray, oon ku kordhin saamayntiisa ee gobolka Volga Dhexe. In n1522, ayuu qabsatay Khanate jaaket ah. Sayidka, Mehmed Giray dhab u suurtagashay in ay ku hoosaysiiyo qayb weyn oo ka mid ah Horde hore ee Golden.

Laakiin jooga jaaket, Khan waxaa lagu sidaas sarqaamo xooggiisa in kala diri ciidanka, waxaad isticmaali kartaa leexinaaya, kuwaas oo abaabulan shirqoolay Mehmed Giray oo isaga lagu dilay 1523.

sare ee awoodda

In muddo ah ka soo 1523 by 1551 sidoo kale u talin jiray walaalihiis iyo wiilashii Mehmed Giray. Markan waxay ahayd halgan xoog fiiqan gudahood Khanate Crimean ah. Laakiin in 1551 wuxuu u yimid inuu awood, Devlet Giray - ina Mubarak, taas oo, ee jeedo, oo ahaa ina Mengli Giray. Waxa ay ahayd inta lagu guda jiro boqornimadiisa, Krymskoe Hanstvo gaaray awoodda ugu sarreysa.

Devlet Giray - Crimean Khan, oo ahaa gaar ahaan weerarada caanka on gobolka Ruush. Xilli la cayrsho 1571, xitaa gubashadii of Moscow.

Devlet Giray ahaa ee xoogga 26 sano oo ku dhintay 1577.

daciifisa of Khanate ah

Haddii ina Devlet Giray Mehmed II weli u suurtagashay in ay sii sharafta Khanate Crimean ah, ka dibna qiimaha hadha xaalkiisu Tatar saaxadda caalamka ayaa si weyn u dhacay. Mehmed II qudhiisu 1584, waxaa lagu afgembiyaa Suldaanka Turkish, laakiin halkii beeray walaalkiis Islyam Giray. Ka dib markii ay Khan Crimean lahaa taliyayaashii caan yar, iyo in gobolka jahwareer waxay noqdeen kuwo ku soo noqnoqda.

In 1648, saaxadda siyaasadda weyn isku dayeen in ay tagaan Islyam Giray III, isbahaysi la Cossacks Zaporozhye ee dagaalka ka dhanka ah xoraynta Dhexe. Laakiin isbahaysiga this ugu dhakhsaha badan u dhacay marka laga reebo iyo Hetman dhaqaaqay dhalashada Tsar Ruush ah.

taliye ugu danbeysay ee

taliyihii ugu dambeeyey ee Khanate Crimean u muuqday Khan Shahin Giray. Xitaa inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada isaga ka horeeyay, Devlet Giray IV ee, in 1774, Krymskoe Hanstvo ay xornimadeeda ka qaadatay Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda oo qiray Maxmiyadda of Russia. Tani waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah xaaladaha ka mid ah dunida Kuchuk Kaynarca, dhameeyey dagaal kale oo Ruush-Turkish.

Crimean Khan Shahin Giray in ay awood u yimid in 1777 horfadhiyaan ee Russia. Waxa uu Qolol carshiga halkii pro-Turkish Devlet Giray IV. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xataa taageeray by hubka Ruush, ayuu Itoob fadhiistay carshigii. Tani waa caddaynta ku xaqiiqada ah in 1782 uu kaga dejiyey carshigiisii ka carshiga walaalkiis Bahadir Giray, kuwaas oo u yimid in ay xoog ku ruxruxo ah kacdoonkii caan ah. Iyada oo taageero ciidamada Ruush Shahin Giray u suurtagashay in ay dib u carshiga, laakiin sii boqornimadiisa ahaa khayaali ah, sababtoo ah awoodda dhabta ah uu mar dambe lahaa.

In 1783, khayaali this ayaa laga ciribtiray. Shahin Giray saxiixay uu ka gaabin, oo Khanate Crimean la LABAGEEDI OO in Empire Ruush ah. Sayidka dhamaaday boqortooyada Giray ee Crimea. shahaado Board Shagina hadda shaqayn karo marka laga reebo lacagta qadaadiicda Giray Khan, kuwaas oo image lagu kor ku arki karaa.

Shahin Giray ka dib ka gaabin ku noolaa ugu horeysay ee Russian, laakiin markaas u dhaqaaqay Turkey, halkaas oo in 1787 uu toogasho ku saabsan amarada Sultan ah.

Giray guri ammaan xoogga khasaaro

Sultan Khan Giray - ma aha nooca kaliya ee wakiilka kuwaas oo noqday caan ka dib markii khasaare ku yimaada awoodda guri ammaan u sarreeyey Crimean ah. Caan ahaayeen walaalihiis - Sultan Adil Giray iyo Sagat Sultan Giray, oo noqday caan ah oo duurka ku military faa'iido u ah Empire Ruush ah.

Great-adeer ah adygskogo Khan-Giray Giray Sultan Davlet noqday aasaasihii te'atradii. Brother doonana, Suta Crimea Giray, wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha Guddiga Division fardooley ah. Labada lagu dilay 1918 by Bolsheviks ah.

Currently, horyaalka ee Khan Crimean ku magac sheegan Dzhezzar Pamir Giray, oo ku nool London.

Taasoo la micno ah nooca Gireev ee taariikhda dunida

Rhode Gireev tagay qorid ah oo ku saabsan taariikhda Crimea, iyo taariikhda dunida oo dhan. Magaca guri ammaan tani waxaa la kala saari Karin xidhiidh dhow jiritaanka Khanate ee Crimean - dawladda, taas oo ay waqti door muhiim ah Bariga Yurub.

Gireev xusa iyo jiilka haatan jooga ee tataarka Crimean ah, shirkigu noocan leh jeer qurxoon ee taariikhda qaranka. La yaab ma laha, waxay keeni hindise magaca Khan Giray Kherson.