Sahamiyayaal Modern iyo daahfurtay in ay

Waxa ay u muuqataa, hadda baxeen waxaa discoverers maalmood ah, oo waxaa hadhay on the dhibco cad map. Laakiin waxaa soo baxday, oo maanta waxaad samayn kartaa safarka iyo baran geesood Dahsoon ee caalamka. Ka soo qaad aynu hore u helay oo dhan qaaradood iyo jasiiradaha, iyo tan iyo meel aad ka arki kartaa meelaha ugu fog oodan iyo Reebnaan yaa, iyo maanka aadanaha xiiso leh laftiisa dhigaya caqabado cusub oo iyaga u xaliyaan, qabanqaabisaa guutadii. Waa ayo qofka socotada ah casriga ah ee qarniga 21aad?

Magacyada socotada casri ah

Markii aan xusuustaa Horseedka caan ah, oo ay la socdaan weyn Columbus, Magellan, Cook, Bellingshausen iyo Lazarev, iyo kuwa kale, hadalka ku saabsan saffarro our. Magacyada Cousteau, Heyerdahl, Sienkiewicz, Konyukhov iyo cilmi kale ayaa sidoo kale ka dhawaajin sida ku gabyeen in daraasadda ee dhulkeenna. safra Modern iyo daahfurka waa heer sare ah , tusaale ahaan in la raaco.

Jacques IV Kusto

Cousteau - oceanographer ugu weyn, saynisyahan a Faransiis iyo cilmibaadhe. Tani waa ninkii helay dunida quuska aadanaha. Taasi gacmihiisana waxaa lagu koob for quusidda, aqualung ugu horeysay, qalabaysan weel ugu horeysay ee sayniska inaad wax ka barato moolkeeda badda. Waxa uu leeyahay shot ugu horeysay film biyaha.

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee dadka fursad ay si xor ah ku dhaqaajiyo biyaha iyo dego si qoto dheer ah 90 m. Under hoggaanka oo ka mid ah sahamo quuska horeysay Cousteau ayaa abaabulay. First waxay ahayd cilmi qaddiimiga ah dhulka badda iyo rasaas at moolka dheer oo dhowr kilomitir.

Marka Cousteau abuuray "Sauce quuska" - a mini-gujis inay baadhaan fursadaha dib ugu column biyaha ayaa u kordhay. Sii ahayd mid ku salaysan wakhtiga xarumaha cilmi-baarista quuska halkaas oo safarka ah oo casri ah oo ku nool muddo dhawr bilood ah, waxaana laga yaabaa galku si toos ah badda.

Natiijada sano oo shaqo ah oo ku saabsan adduunka waxbarasho Cousteau ku quuska bilaabay inuu buugaag iyo filimaan in ay leeyihiin caan weyn: "The World Silent", "World Without Sun" taxane documentary "Hidden Odyssey Cousteau". Tan iyo 1957, wuxuu madax Museum Oceanographic ee Monaco. "Cousteau Society for Marine dabeecadda" waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1973.

Waxaa ka mid sharaf uu, uu aaminsan yahay Legion ugu weyn ee sharafta leh. Cousteau ku dhintay 1997 ee Paris.

Thor Heyerdahl

Magaca Tani waxay sidoo kale waa la yaqaan in cid kasta oo xitaa wax yar xiiseeya socdaalka. Thor Heyerdahl safar caan ku dadaaleen inay caddeeyaan uu dhibic of view on dejinta ee qaybo kala duwan oo dunida ah.

Heyerdahl horeysay horey fikradda ah in gasiiradaha Polynesia ayaa laga yaabaa inay la nool yihiin soo galootiga ka soo jeeda koonfurta America. Si ay u caddeeyaan aragti this, safarka ah oo casri ah hoos hoggaanka sameeyey dhoofkii arag on huuri balsa "Kon-Tiki" guud ahaan Pacific. Ku garaaceen oo ku saabsan 8000 km ee 101 maalmood, duulaan ku gaareen Islands Tuamotu ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, huuri ayaa raajiyey ay sabaynta, iyo haddii aan for duufaanka, malaha qaban ilaa xeebta Aasiya.

Taasi waxaa xigay guutadii Doonta cawsduur "Ra" iyo "Ra-2", taas oo ku lug leh our wadanka Yuri Senkevich. Doon "Dajla", dabaasha, taas oo ahayd in ay muujiyaan suurtogalnimada of xiriir oo ka dhexeeya Mesobotamiya oo u saarney ee Hindustan, la gubay by kooxda ku soo horjeedo tallaabo military xeebaha ee Jabuuti, iyo duulaan la dhameystirin.

Heyerdahl meelo badan isku mid ma ahayn dunida sayniska iyo hormarsataan aragtiyaha ay. Sanado badan uu bartay waxa qarsoon ee Easter Island, gaar ahaan ka soo jeedo oo ka mid ah qorqornaa dhagax caan ah. Tours sheegtay in Sidaana Rafaa ayaa soo saaray u dhiibay in meeshii uu ku yiil barbariyiintiina ee jasiiradda, oo isaguna uma uu qalab casri ah, waayo, processing dhagax iyo gaadiidka. Iyo natiijooyinka uu cilmi ahaayeen cajiib ah, in kastoo aan la aqoonsan by saynisyahano badan.

Of sidoo kale aragtiyaha muranka note Heyerdahl sheekada xiriirka ka dhexeeya Vikings iyo dadkii degganaa ee Caucasus iyo Azov. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in Vikings - laga bilaabo North Caucasus. Laakiin si ay u caddeeyaan aragti taas looga hortagi dhimasho 2002.

Heyerdahl buugaag badan oo ku saabsan aragtidiisa ku saabsan horumarinta dunida iyo safarka, filimada documentary dhigay iyaga oo ku saabsan weli yihiin kuwo aad u xiiso iyo xamaasad u leh qof kasta.

Yuri Senkevich

socotada Ruush Modern iyo ciidankii reer barnaamijka TV caanka ah ee dalkeenna, "Club Travel", sahamisa kala horjeeda, wuxuu ka qayb qaatay 12-Soviet Antarctic duulaan.

In 1969, ururka ka mid ah duulaan ku ah "Ra" Thor Heyerdahl warqad u Academy of Sciences ee USSR ku qoray martiqaad ay ka qayb qaataan iyada dhakhtar aqoon fiican oo luqadda Ingiriisiga, leh waayo-aragnimo guutadii iyo dareen kaftan. Doorashada on Sienkiewicz dhacay. Farxad iyo farxad, la amal mustaqbil on nolosha iyo xirfadaha dhaqtarka, Yuri si deg deg ah lagu sameeyo saaxiibo la Heyerdahl iyo xubnaha kale ee kooxda.

Ka dibna, aan ku lug oo kaliya in ay guutadii ee Norwegian caanka ah. Baaritaano badan oo Heyerdahl noqday kuwa loo yaqaan siladda Soviet isla markiiba si show TV, taas oo ay fuliyeen Yuri Senkevich mahad. "Club kinoputeshestvy" noqday dad badan daaqad dunida ugu soo galay, kuu ogolaanaya in aad bartaan meelaha xiiso leh oo adduunka ah. guests kala iibsiga noqday qofka socotada ah oo casri ah, Heyerdahl, Cousteau, Yatsek Palkevich, Carlo Mauri, iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

Sienkiewicz ka qeyb qaatay taageerada caafimaadka ee guutadii in North Pole iyo Mount Everest. Yuri Alexandrovich ku dhintay 2006 on set barnaamijka xiga TV.

Tim Severin

safra casriga badan oo ay ku soo celiyaan wadooyinka hageyaasha iyo sahamiyayaal ee la soo dhaafay. Mid ka mid ah ugu caansan - British Tim Severin.

Uu safar ugu horeysay wuxuu ka dhigay in wadadii Marco Polo on mootooyinka. Markii uu ka tagay Venice, Severin iyo saaxiibo uu u tallaabay ku dhawaad oo dhan Asia iyo soohdimaha Shiinaha gaadhay. Waxaa lahaa si ay u dhamaystiraan safarka, sida ogolaansho in ay booqdaan dalka ayaa la helay. waxbarasho dheeraad raacay Webiga Mississippi (oo maraya inta u weheliso ku huuri iyo motorboat). duulaan soo socda - ka St. Brendan ee guud ahaan Atlantic ah ..

Waa fikrad laga soo adventures of Sinbad badmaaxa ah, Severin dhigay guurka ka Cumaan si Shiinaha markabka shiraaca ah, wuxuu uun u Hanuunay by xiddigaha. In 1984, Severin kooxda 20 Kuwii seebab soo noqnoqda wadada of Argonauts ee Colchis (West Georgia). sanadka soo socda uu ka dhigay safar talaabadii Odysseus ka Homer ayaa gabay ah oo magac la mid ah qudhunla'aan.

Kuwani waa uun qaar ka mid ah wadooyinka Severin. On adventures uu, uu qoray buug xiiso, laakiin for "Journey Sinbad ee" waxaa la guddoonsiiyey abaalmarin sharafeedka Thomas Cook.

safra qarniga 21aad Modern

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in maxkamadda ee qarniga 21aad, ruuxa jacayl u quudhin iyo safarka ayaa la waayay. Haddaba waxaa jira dad aan ku fadhiisan karaa raaxada gurigaaga, waxay soo jiidatay oo aan la garaneyn, oo aan la garaneyn ku.

iyaga waxaa ka mid ah musaafiriinta Ruush casriga ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah waa Fyodor Konyukhov.

Fedor Konyukhov

Its magiciisana waxaa badanaa ku daray in ay "marka hore". Waxa uu ahaa kii ugu horeeyay ee Russia booqday saddex ulaha dhulka, North, South, iyo Everest. The ugu horeysay ee adduunka ku guuleystay shan ulaha - ayaa ku daray in ay Pole hore ee helitaan ee Jacaylku iyo Cape Horn, waxaa loo arkaa sida for boaters. Hore ee Russia ka adkaaday ah "Big Toddoba" - inay fuulaan ka danbow ugu sareeya ee dhammaan qaaradaha Yurub iyo Asia si gooni gooni ah marka laga reebo.

On account of guutadii wax badan, oo inta badan aad u daran. Kooxdii u sameeyey afar safraya on kuwa raaxada ah oo adduunka oo dhan. Xubin guurka Ski "ee USSR ah - Pole Waqooyiga - Kanada".

buugaagta lagu akhriyey isku neef. Oo qorshayaasha mustaqbalka - safri adduunka oo ku buufin.

Dmitry Shparo

Bilowgiiba: sahamisa ee kala horjeeda iyo cilmibaadhe. Back ee 1970, wuxuu madax ka duulaan ku ski in gasiiradaha Komsomolskaya Pravda. Saddex sano ka dib, wuxuu u sameeyey safarka Peninsula Taimyr ee search of bakhaarka sahamisa oo kala horjeeda ee Eduard Toll caan ah. In 1979, wuxuu hoos hoggaanka, waxaa la dhigay duulaan ugu horeeyay dunida ee ay barafka si Cidhifka Waqooyi.

Mid ka mid ah ololaha ugu caansan - in Canada dhex Ocean Arctic ah oo qayb ka ah duulaan Soviet-Canadian wadajirka ah.

In 1998, wada jir ah ula wiilkii on barafka gudbay Strait Bering ah. Sanadkii 2008, wuxuu abaabulay laba guutadii in North Poland. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxaa loo yaqaan for guusha ugu horeysay Pole adduunka ee la saarayo barafka habeenkii. A dadka labaad ee dhallinyarada lug da'diisu tahay 16-18 sano.

Dmitry Shparo - qabanqaabiyaha Club of "Adventure." hay'adda ayaaba Marathon ee guud ahaan dalka iyada oo ka qayb ka mid ah dadka lagu wadaa kursi. The ugu caansan ahaa fuulitaanka Kazbek ku wheelchair caalamiga ah ka, Caucasus ee Russia iyo Norway.

safra casri ah

Juqraafiga safarka casriga ah waa mid aad u ballaaran. Asal ahaan waxa ay ka yar waxaa lagu yaqaan iyo meelaha baadiyaha ah ee dhulka. safarada waxay badanaa dhacaan xaalado aad u adag, oo u baahan dadaalka badan ee ciidamada oo dhan.

Dabcan, in mid ka mid ah article waa ay adag tahay si ay u daboosho dhammaan magacyada. Anatoly Khizhnyak sahaminta qabiil yar oo loo yaqaan in kaymaha oo ka mid ah Amazon iyo Papua New Guinea ... Nimco Uemura, oo keliya ka dhigi safar si North reer Poland, inuu dabaasho ee Amazon, kan ka guulaystay gutaa Blanc, Matterhorn ah, Kilimanjaro, Akonkugua Everest ... Reinhold Messner, ninkii ugu horeeyay , inay fuulaan oo dhan 14 sideed thousanders dunida ... Waayo, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxaa suurtagal ah in ay qoraan buug oo kala duwan. adventures ay dhiiri jiilalka yaryar ee dadka safarka ah.