Royal Navy: description, liiska oo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka

Long ka hor gooyo Peter "furay dariishaddii ah" galay badda bari, oo aasaaskii ciidamada badda ee Ruushka la dhigay, "sayidaddeedii badaha" qarniyo England Sharuucda hirarka dunida dacaladeeda. The shuruudaha for this yihiin gaar ah, meesha goonida ihina waxa labadaba UK iyo lagama maarmaan geopolitical in dagaalka ka dhanka ah xoogagga Yurub oo xoog leh - Spain, France, Portugal.

laga bilaabo

Doonniyaha British horeeyay ee koob weyn waxa loo arki karaa trireme iyo Roman Empire diremy, kaas oo ahaa in su'aasha ah ee Dhismaha maraakiibta soo socda sida dhab ah sida wax walba oo kale - iyada doomaha-dhibtoonaya ahaayeen ugu sarreysa ee technology waqtiga. Markii uu ka tagay ee Romans iyo dhisidda on hannaanka British gasiiradaha boqortooyooyinka kala duwan maraakiibta British si weyn u waayay oo dhan ka kooban yahay - tanka, processability iyo tirada.

Ku dhiiri galinta wadadii ay u soo bixitaanka maraakiibta sare more bilaabay ifbaxay Scandinavians - Viking ee wax boobaysa bay soomaan oo maneuverable Drakkar sameeyey weeraro ba'an ku magaalo xeebeedka iyo kiniisadda. dhismaha badan oo raxan ilaalinta ayaa loo ogol yahay Ingiriiska si weyn loogu yareeyo khasaaraha ka ifbaxay.

Marxaladda xigta ee horumarinta raxan ciidan British - duulaanka ah ee William kaliga iyo formation of dowlad dhexe, England. Tan iyo waqti in, iyo hadalka ku saabsan muuqaalka kore ee raxan Ingiriiska.

British Royal Navy

taariikhda rasmiga ah ee Navy Royal ee England waa in ay bilaabaan la Henry VII, kuwaas oo kor u kacay raxan Ingiriiska 5 ilaa 30 maraakiibta. Ilaa qarnigii 16aad badda British guulaheenna gaar ah goor dambe ma tahay in la helo, laakiin ka dib guushii ay ka gaareen ee "Armada" Isbaanish iyo waxyaalo badan oo kale oo xaaladda VICTORIA askartii badda ka heysata horyaalka Yurub (Spain iyo France) bilaabay inuu barbareeyo off.

Corsairs iyo burcad - labada dhinac ee hal shilin

In taariikhda gaarka ah ciidamada badda Ingiriiska oo line maqlana xusid mudan hawlaha ay corsairs caanka ah Ingiriisi, ugu caansan ay ahaayeen Frensis Dreyk iyo Henry Morgan. Inkastoo-hehiisiinta ugaadhsiga "hawlaha muhiimka ah" ay, ugu horeysay oo iyaga ka mid ahaa boqoradu iyo adkaaday Spain, iyo kii labaad ku daray in ay wax taaj oo Ingiriisi ah diamond kale - jasiiradaha Caribbean.

R.N.

taariikhda rasmiga ah ee Navy of Great Britain (waxaa jira isdhaaf ah oo la xidhiidha joogitaanka maraakiibta ee England iyo Scotland ka hor 1707, marka waxaa jiray ay ururka) bilaabataa in bartamihii qarnigii 17aad. Tan iyo waqti in, British ahaa ayaa bilaabay in ay helaan tiro yar laga badiyay in dagaalo badda, si tartiib ah u helo sumcad oo ka mid ah awoodaha badda ee xoogga badan. Ugu sarreysa ee sarreeyaan Ingiriisi on hirarka ku dhacaa, Wars Napoleonic ah. Waxay noqday daqiiqad ammaanta maraakiibta shiraaca ah, kuwaas oo gaadhay heer this ay saqafka farsamada.

dhamaadka Wars Napoleonic ee Navy Royal ee Great Britain uguma haysa ee raxan ugu adag dunida oo dhan. Qarnigii 19aad, British ah kuwii ugu horreeyay ee bedeli geedka iyo in doontu ku galay bir iyo uumi. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ciidamada badda ee UK ee shiidaa laha qayb iyo dagaallo waaweyn, Navy ah waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay aad u qiimaha badan, oo fiiro gaar ah u dayactirka ee xoogga iyo diyaar ah ciidamada badda ahaa ee mudnaanta leh. halista ah ee habdhaqanka British si ay faa'iido in badaha aduunka ee waa xaqiiqda ah in cilmiga aan qornayn waanin si ay u ilaaliyaan xiriirka ka socda ciidamada: Royal Navy lahaa in ay ka xoog badan laba badda kasta oo la isku daray.

World: raxan weyn ka dhanka ah Fleet Badaha Sare

Royal Navy ee Dagaalkii Adduunka cadeeyay inuu yahay ma aha sida u dhalaalaya sidii lagu fili karo ka hor bilowgii: raxan weyn, kuwaas oo ugu weyn Ujeedada ahaa guuldaradii of German Badaha Sare Fleet ah, fudayd aan baasana - uu khasaaro ahaa si weyn u ka weyn yahay kii Jarmalka. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, awoodda Dhismaha maraakiibta UK uu ahaa sidaas u weyn in uu hayo ay faa'iido, qasbo Germany in ay ka tanaasulaan xeeladaha of dagaallada weyn oo u guurto xeeladaha xoolo isticmaalaya quusta xiriir mobile.

Waqtigaa waxaa ka mid ah Abuuridda laba, oo aan buunbuunin, kaasi oo ka mid ah maraakiibta dagaalka, kuwaas oo noqotay progenitors goobaha oo dhan ee Dhismaha maraakiibta. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u HMS Dreadnought - nooc cusub oo ah markab dagaal hub awood iyo warshad samaysa marawaxadaha uumi, ogolaanin in si ay u horumariyaan fantastic waqtiga 21-kuus kuus. Kan labaad wuxuu ahaa Ark HMS ee Royal - side diyaarad, adeegeen Navy of Great Britain ilaa 1944.

Inkastoo oo dhan khasaaraha of World koowaad, si ay dhamaadka ee UK waxay lahayd on dheelitirka ee raxan weyn, laad laadaan on culays miisaaniyadda Asia. Sidaa darteed, Heshiiska Washington ee 1922, arrintaas oo yareysey BURCAD xaddiga qaar ka mid ah fasalada maraakiibta, waxa ay noqotay badbaadada dhabta ah ee Jasiirada ah.

Dagaalkii labaad ee dunida: Work on cayayaanka ah

Maraakiibtan Royal Navy UK bilowga ah ee World Second yeelan lahayd laba iyo labaatan markab oo waaweyn awoodda (dagaalka iyo sidayaal diyaaradaha), 66 markab oo fasalka ka saaciday inay, ku dhawaad laba boqol oo dumiyey iyo lix darsin quusta, marka laga reebo dhismaha. Ciidamada Kuwanu waa ka weyn yahay la heli karo ee meesha Germany iyo xulafadooda ay dhawr jeer, taas oo loo ogol yahay British si ay u rajaynayaa in natiijo wanaagsan, waayo naftaada dagaalo badda.

Jarmalka, isagoo garanaya Fadilmo ee British ah, ma ka qayb qaataan dagaallo toos ah la squadrons awood of sokeeye iyo samayn dhuumaalaysiga ah dagaal. kaalin gaar ah ayaa lagu ciyaaray by quusta, oo Reich Saddexaad riveted ku dhowaad kun a!

Karl Doenitz, "quuska Guderian", ayaa soo saartay istiraatiijiyad ah "pack Yeeyi", weeraradii lagu eedeeyay on kolonyo iyo weerarada nooca "xoogaa - kabsatay". Iyo markii ugu horeysay, kooxood duulaya of quusta Jarmal keentay British ah ku jira xaalad ah lama filaan ah - ugu horeeyay ee colaadaha ee North Atlantic waxaa la guddoonsiiyey qadar dhacdhaco ee khasaaraha ganacsiga iyo Navy of Great Britain.

factor An dheeraad wanaagsan ee Germany waa xaqiiqda ah in salka ku Navy of Great Britain ee 1941 waxaa inta badan laga badiyay in tirada iyo tayada - guuldaradii of France, qabashada ee Belgium iyo Netherlands ay u macaamilooday si talada Jasiirada ee dharbaaxo daran. Laakiin Germany fursad u helay inaan wax ku ool ah u isticmaali gujis yar oo waqti yar, navigation goboleedka.

Maamulida lagu beddelo xaaladda kharash ku decrypting ah codes of submariners Jarmal, la abuuro nidaam cusub oo kolonyo ah, dhismayaasha tiro ku filan oo ah Maraakiibta ilaalo khaas ah iyo taageero hawada. guul dheeraad ah British badda ee la xiriira labadaba goobaha Dhismaha maraakiibta weyn (British dhisayeen maraakiibta ka dhaqso badan Jarmalka iyaga tiimbadeen), iyo guulaha Allied dhulka. Italy ka tago ka dagaalka ka furteen Germany ay Mediterranean saldhig military, iyo Battle of Atlantic la guuleystay.

Falklands: khilaafka oo xiiso leh

In muddo guudahaan, maraakiibta Royal Navy ayaa xusay in dadaalka in dagaalkii Falklands ee la Argentina. Inkastoo nooca aan rasmi ahayn oo ku saabsan khilaafka, khasaaraha ka mid ah Jasiirada ku dhigay dhowr boqol oo qof, dhowr Maraakiibta iyo toban ka tirsan. Dabcan, on amarka of awood badda ka xoogbadan, ee Britain si fudud u dhigay dhigeyso in Falklands ah.

dagaal qabow

Laakiin tartanka hubka ugu weyn ee ahaa aan colka jir ah - Japan iyo Germany, oo la is bahaysi dhawaan on block ah - Midowga Soofiyeeti. "The dagaalkii qaboobaa" kara wakhti kasta noqon kulul, sidaa darteed Royal Navy weli heegan sare. Meelaynta saldhigyadii ciidamada badda, horumarka iyo guddoominta, oo weelasha oo cusub, oo ay ku jiraan quusta hub nuclear - British oo dhan hore ee darajo ka mid ah tirada labaad. khilaafka ugu weyn ayaa u dhexeeya laba dhaxeeya kooxo - Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Maraykanka.

Military British Navy maanta

Maanta waxaa loo arkaa ugu weyn ee adduunka ee Old iyo waxaa ka mid ah (on si ku noqnoqosho leh) ee la xidhiidha Navy NATO. sidayaal diyaaradaha iyo gantaalaha Cruiser leh awood uu ku qaado madaxyada nukliyeerka yihiin ciidamada ugu weyn ee weerarka oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Great Britain. Curiska waxaa la joogo 64 ee doonnida, kuwaas oo 12 yihiin quusta, side 2, 6 baabbi'inaya, 13 class "Markabka" Maraakiibta, saddex degtey 16 minesweeper iyo ilaalinta iyo ilaalinta labaatan doomo. Markab kale oo kaabayaal ah, "Fort Dzhordzh" waa dagaal halkii aan loo aabo yeelin.

Waa side diyaaradaha flagship "qalcaddayda" - Markab badan loo qabata ma aha oo kaliya hawsha hammigan diyaarad lagu sharraxaa, laakiin sidoo kale caga function (gudbinta ilaa 250 badda iyo qalabka hawada). "Qalcaddayda" waxaa la dhisay sanadkii 2001 iyo rido hawlgalka 2005.

ciidanka ugu weyn ee ay biyaha kor ku xusan yihiin markab taxanaha "Norfolk", magacaabay ka dib markii ugaas Ingiriisi ah, oo gujis - taxane SSBN "Vanguard", qalabaysan gantaalaha nukliyerka ah. Fleet ku salaysan yahay in Taribo, Clyde iyo Portsmouth, oo saldhig Taribo Devonport adeegta in xilkaan kula 1588 ka! Inkasta oo ay dadka da'da ah Maraakiibta gabbasho ay u gabbadaan ee "Armada" aad Isbaanish. Iyadu waa mid ka mid ah oo kaliya on kaas oo maraakiibta dayactir la matoorada nuclear ah.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

SSBNs fasalka Recycling maraakiibta Royal Navy (quusta nuclear) looma samayn - waxaa jira Jasiirada ee macquul ah farsamada. Sidaa darteed, waxa gabaabsi ay nolosha hawl-of-gujiska kaliya sii raagayaan tan iyo wakhtiyada wanaagsan.

markab gantaalada Ruushka ka dhul-badeedka ee boqortooyada Ingiriiska sanadkii 2013-pass naxay ma aha oo kaliya dadka caadiga ah, laakiin sidoo kale ciidamada badda ee dalka. Ruush Navy xeebta ee Great Britain! In kasta oo xaaladda awood badda, British ah waxaa si fudud aan ka helay doonni fasal u dhigma oo ay awoodaan si loo horumariyo dhinaca markab Ruushka.

eegidda leedahay British Abuuridda laba nooc oo ah maraakiibta oo sannado badan loo bedelay wejiga dagaalo badda: dreadnought - Markab dagaal xoog leh oo degdeg ah, sarraysa xafiiltamaan ay awood kar, iyo sidoo kale in kubad xoog iyo side ah diyaaradaha - markab, taasoo maanta ugu weyn Navy qasbi dhammaan dalalka waaweyn.

at ugu dambeeyey

Maxaa isbedeshay Navy British ah laga bilaabo wakhtiga xukunka Roman iyo ilaa maantadan la joogo? Royal Navy ka sudenyshek jilicsan tegey Saxon Earls in markab lagu kalsoonaan karo iyo awood times of Drake iyo Morgan "Manowar". Oo weliba, mar hore ay ugu sarreysey ee ay awoodda, waxa uu ahaa ugu horeeyay ee badda ku wareegsan. Laba dagaal oo adduunka ayaa gariirin Xukunka Pax Britannika, laakiin isaga iyo badda ee loogu talagalay.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Maalinta oo ka mid ah ciidamada badda ee Great Britain la eego tanka waa on meesha 6th, dambeeya India, Japan, China, Russia iyo Mareykanka, iyo Maraykanka "Jasiirada" lumiya ku dhawaad 10 jeer! Yaa u maleynayaa in gumeysi a hore laba qof oo ah qarniyo ka dib markii ay u noqon saxsanaanta si dhugmo dalka hore ee hooyada?

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada badda ee British ah - ma aha qoryaha kaliya, sidayaal diyaaradaha, gantaalada iyo quusta. Tani waa - taariikhda. Taariikhda guul weyn oo laga badiyay burburiyo, camal geesinimada iyo musiibooyin aadanaha ... "Nabad Britannia, waxay sayidaddeedii ku ah ee badaha!"