Romanov guri ammaan. Coat of gacmaha Romanovs ah (B. V. Kene)

Boqorrada Romanovs ah - qoyska boyar Moscow hore. Andrei Ivanovich geenyo - ugu horeysay gudbiyo awoowe ee mustaqbalka guri ammaan reer boqor. Waxa uu ku noolaa qarnigii XIV ah oo waxay u adeegeen sidii Vladimir iyo Moscow Grand Duke ee Simecoon kibirsan ee wuxuu ahaa curadkii Ivana Kality. Andrei Mare, wada jir ah ula Alexei Bosovolkovym, u dhaqmeen sida dhexe ee gabagabeeyo guurka u dhexeeya of Moscow iyo Mariey Aleksandrovnoy, gabadhii of Tver amiirka amiir u ahaa. Safaaradda ahaa guul.

About mares Andrew in qorna ee mar dambe u soo sheegnay, laakiin waxaa la ogsoon yahay in farcankiisa sii waday in ay u adeegaan amiirradii Moscow. iyo wiilashiisii noqday awoowayaasha magacyada caanka ah, laakiin by Fyodor Cats oo qaaday tsars Romanov. Magaca laftiisa waxaa laga dhaxlaa praprapravnuka Andrei Mares - Romana Yurevicha Zaharina, ka timi arrin caan ah oo xaakinnadiina. Gabadhiisii, Daahir Riyaale Romanovna, xaaskiisa ugu horeysay oo inta badan jecel yahay kuwa laga cabsado Ivan IV.

Si weyn loo yaqaan xaqiiqada ah in Daahir Riyaale dabeecaddiisa nooc oo idiin roon oo had iyo ninkeeda joojiyey. In dhimashada waxaa la kala diri Xulay farxeen oo daran aamin boqorka boyars ah. Adeer Jurevny Daahir Riyaale ahaa Fedor Nikitich Romanov, shaqsiyad muhiim ah in taariikhda Ruush. Waxa uu ahaa kii ka qayb qaatay firfircoon siyaasadda ee Time ee rabshado, wuxuu si khasab ah waxaa tonsured wadaad a Borisom Godunovym.

Marka bilowgii boqornimadii Romanovs ah? Sidee ayuu ahaa? Intee in le'eg oo socon? Dhammaan su'aalahan waxaad ka heli doontaa jawaabaha ee maqaalka.

doorashada ee Mikhail Romanov carshiga

Period taariikhda, markii boqornimadii Romanovs ah, adkeyd oo lagu hoobtay. In Russia dhamaadka XVI cabaadeen cidla, curyaamiyaa wuxuu Smoot. ina The Ivana Groznogo, Fyodor dhintay carruurla'aan, walaalkiis Dmitri lagu dilay Uglich, Ivan kale Ivanovich, uu ku dhintay inta lagu guda jiro nolosha aabbihiis. Iska yaree gaaban guri ammaan Rurik ah, waxaa jiray dhibaato saldanadii. Next ahaa isbedelka badan ee dowladda, shaqada Godunov iyo Shuisky qaban Karin carshiga. Waxaa xusid mudan in dadka naceen boqorradii cusub, ma aha oo kaliya sababtoo ah siyaasadaha ay ku guuldareysatay, laakiin maxaa yeelay, Godunov iyo Shuisky doortay taliyayaashii ma dhaxli carshiga.

Sida saamaynta cabsi Sobor Zemsky ee 1613, taas oo mar kale in ay foodda u yimid su'aasha boqortooyada. Waxaan u lahaa in ay doortaan nin aan dhimeen magaceeda u gaar ah inta lagu guda jiro rabshado ah. Waxaa xusid mudan in ay bixiyaan cashuur ugu Cossacks, kuwaas oo door muhim ah in doorashada Mikhail Romanov. Ma aha oo kaliya in, waxay lahaayeen Fadilmo tiro, Cossacks ka hadhay qudhunla'aan. Prince Troubetzkoy, oo raba in ay helaan carshiga, ma skimp, giringiriyey facooda uu si aad u hesho taageero ku dhex Cossacks ah. Waxay, ee jeedo, ma diidi hadiyadaha, laakiin ma madaxyo simanna leh amiirka.

Sidoo kale door muhim ah in doorashada ee Mikhail Fedorovich ciyaaray firin ma carshiga ee Moscow, sida ay keeni kartaa in dhibaato, iyo in la carqaladeeyo Sobor Zemsky ah. Boyars Romanov aqbalay musharaxnimada ay, maxaa yeelay, waxay rumeysan yahay in uu yar yahay (waqtiga wiilka ahaa 16 sanno jir) iyo uu noqon doono "oo ahaa boqorkii dalka jeebka", puppet ah gacmihiisa ku jira. Marka waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay weydiiso guddiga in ay qaataan Mikhail Fedorovich, xusuustay ku saabsan xiriirka uu la leeyahay guri ammaan Rurik ah, sidii aabbihiis , Wadaad Filaret waa ina adeerkiis ah Tsar Fedor Ivanovich.

Xiddigii hore ee ka soo jeedo ee guri ammaan ah

Maxay ahayd astaanta qoyska Romanov ah? Ka hor inta aan ka hadlo waxa ku saabsan, bal aynu bartaan Halyeeyga reer asalka ah ee guri ammaan ah.

Bilowga version qarnigii XVI ee ay ka imanayaan Vikings si Russia ee, ka soo baxay ee "SHEEKADII Years teesto ah", waxaa mar dambe soo xigtay iyo waa gudaheedana sinaba uma ay xoojisay sharafta caalamiga ah ee Russia. Isla mar ahaantaa, waxaa jira aragti ah ee "Moscow - Rome Saddexaad", si loo xoojiyo booska dalka ee sida xarunta of Asalraacnimadu. Waxaan u lahaa in ay la timaado Halyeeyga reer millitari ee guri ammaan talada haya. Si ballaaran loo yaqaan for Emperor Roman ee Augustus. Sida ay legend, oo uu qaraabo, Prus, oo waxaa loo diray in Europe ee horumarka ah ee dalka iyo dhismaha gobolka. Sidaas daraaddeed ayuu boqorkii dalka Prussia noqday, oo waxaa loo mar deggan Slavs.

Faracoodii Prus bilaabay in ay ballaariso dhulkeeda bari, ayaa sidaas la degeen iyo beero Ruush. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa guri ammaan Rurik ah. Laakiin halyeeyga uu la xidhiidho Romanovs ah? Mid aad u fudud. In 1722 Peter sidoo kale waxaan go'aansaday in la ansixiyo sharcinimada ay awood by "kobcin" ee millitari. Emperor baray si ay u horumariyaan version this of King of Arms Stepan Andreyevich Kolycheva. Hadda waxaa la qiyaasayo in waqtiga Boqortooyada Roomaanka (373 ama 305 sano), Boqorka Prussia Prouty galay dalkii hantida u ahaa boqortooyadii wuxuu walaalkiis ku Veydevutu maray, oo wuxuu u kacay magaalada jaahilka Romanov, halkaas oo uu ku sharfay sida Wadaadka Sare. dejinta ayaa waxaa uu ku yaalaa on bangiyada of Dubissy iyo Nevyazhi halkaas oo garaacid ay geedkii size koray. Ka hor geeridiisii, Veydevut boqortooyada u qaybsan yahay qaybo dhowr ah.

Mid ka mid ah wiilashiisa, Nedron, boqor ka noqday dalalka zhmudskih (soohdinta reer Lithuania casriga ah). Qarniyo dambe, qarnigii XIII ah, oo farcankii Nedrona, qanjirka Cambio, in Russia, halkaas oo uu u adeegay sidii Prince koowaad ee Moscow, Daniilu Aleksandrovichu yimid. Waxaa uu noqday Christian ah, oo magaceeda kowaad wuxuu ahaa naaneesta ah - mares. Dabcan, versions kuwanu ma dhab, isku day badan oo ka mid ah taariikhyahanadu si loo hubiyo in ay xaqiiq tahay ahaayeen micne lahayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar badan oo taliyayaasha ka mid ah guri ammaan Romanov waxay ahaayeen run ahaantii weyn, hadalka ku saabsan ugu weyn ka mid ah taas oo hoos laga wada hadli doono.

Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova boqornimadii

Mikhail Fedorovich in 1645 boqor ku ahaa 1613. Waxa uu sameeyaa shaqo aad u adag - in la dejiyo xaaladda dalka, halakeeyey ka dib markii rabshado ka. Jooji ku dooday in ka badan taliyayaasha. "Vorenok Ivashka" ina Beenta Dmitry II, kuwaas oo qaadan kara faa'iidaystaan goysiga ah ee Boqortooyada cusub ku qanacsanayn, waxaa la dilay. sahay go'an iska yeelyeelaan carshiga Ruush. First of dhan, guusha ahayd in siyaasadda dibadda ee Michael. In 1617 gabagabeeyay nabad Stolbovsky la Sweden, wuxuu ku noqday Novgorod taas oo Russia. In 1618 heshiis la saxiixay Deulino la Poland, taasoo keeni doonta in xaaladda ka jirta gudaha ay sabab u tahay maqnaanshaha khatarta ka baxsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in dagaalkii Smolensk ah (1632-1634) Russia ka adkaadeen.

Alexis

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Alexei Mikhailovich, waxaa jiray dhacdooyin badan oo muhiim ah, laakiinse boqorku waa hooska wiilkiisa, Peter aan Wayn. Inkastoo Alexis la naaneeso quietest ah, da'da oo boqornimadiisa loo yaqaan "buntashnym". At waqtiga this (1645-1676) ku dhaceen dhowr carada caan weyn: Salt mudaaharaadka (1648), Copper mudaaharaadka (1662) iyo dagaalkii ridayeen hogaaminayo Stepan Razin (1670-1671). Sababo la dhacdooyinkii code ugu horraysay ee xeerarka la ansixiyay - Conciliar The Code (1649), sida uu sheegay oo si sharci ah diiwaan serfdom. Caan ku tahay dib u habaynta ku ah Wadaad Nikon, kuwaas oo doonayay in ay heshiiyaan banneeyey Nicmoolayda waxa diinta iyo buugaag si ay u asalka Giriigga. In kasta oo tallaabooyin u habaynta ahaayeen Fudud (troeperstiem isgoyska set, qoraal magaca Ciise, iyo D. sidaas on.) Waxa kale oo ay sababtay wax badan oo carada dadka ku dhex jira.

Peter waxaan A.

Qof walba waa ogyahay boqor ugu horeysay ee Russian, reformer weyn iyo Taliyaha tayo - Peter waxaan Alekseevich. Tallaabooyinka koowaad ee madax banaan boqor ka noqday Azov ololaha, mahad oo Russia fursad u helay inuu badda Azov iyo Safaaradda weyn, taas oo Butros oo ka qeyb qaatay firfircoon. Russia ayaa qaatay caadooyinka badan oo Yurub ah, oo la aasaasay Isbahaysiga Waqooyi ee dagaal kula Sweden. Inta lagu guda jiro Northern War Great (1700-1721) Russia fursad u helay inuu badda bari, waxaana uu helay xaaladda boqortooyadiisa ka. Dhowr transformations Peter qayb qaatay horumarka degdeg ah shuuciyad dalka, waxbarashada, dhaqanka, sayniska, iyo wixii la mid ah. D.

Catherine II Alexeyevna

Peter waxaan helay amar ee isku xigta, sida ay taas Boqortooyada magacaabay bedeli, laakiin gooyo ma haysan waqti u Wakiil ah ee arrintan la xiriira, taas oo keentay in Inqilaab dheer, taas oo musharixiinta carshiga, ku tiirsan Ilaalada, qabtay awoodda. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ahaayeen awoodin in ay fuulaysid, laakiin tani run ah Ekaterina II ma aha xaaskiisa oo ka mid ah dadka Ruush, nebcaaday Peter III, awow ee Peter I. iyo siyaasadaha dibadda iyo gudaha ee Catherine lagu tilmaami karaa guul. Waxay dalalkan oo kaniisad secularized (1764), baabiiyo hetman ee Ukraine (1764), qaadeen dib u habaynta ee Senate (1763), gobolka (1775), magaalada (1785). Ugu badnaan natiijada siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ahaa si aad u hesho helitaanka Badda Madow iyo goysiga ah ee Jasiiradda Crimean.

Alexander I Pavlovich

Alexander I - tiradaasi ah halkii lagu muransan yahay ee taariikhda Ruush. Bilowgii oo boqornimadiisa ahaa rajo - Guddiga gaarka ah, kaas oo ka mid ahaa boqor qiyaas soo saaray amar ku cafis siyaasadeed (1801), isbeddel ah ee looxyada Wasaaradda (1802), on the cultivators free (1803). In 1812, Russia badisay guul weyn in dagaalka, awoodaha amar caalami ah oo xoogaystay. Laakiin qeybtii labaad oo boqornimadii Alexander dabeecad muxaafidka ah ee deeqsi ah ayaa la bedelay, iyo in ay ahayd mid ka mid ah sababaha keena kacdoonka ee Decembrists ee 1825.

Alexander II Nikolaevich

Liberator Alexander II ku baaqay in dib u habaynta waaweyn fuliyay 1861, - baabiiyo of serfdom. Taasi waa marka Alexander II ee jubbadda qoyska Romanov hubka ee la abuuray, taas oo hoos laga wada hadli doono. By waqtiga oo boqornimadiisa, isbedel badan lagu fuliyey: maxkamadda (1864), degmo (1864), magaalada (1870), ciidamada (1861-1874) iyo dib u habaynta kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, transformer weyn, ayaa lagu dilay 1881 narodovolnikom A. I. Zhelyabovym.

Last Romanov

On boqortooyada Nicholas II ee waxay lahayd waqti adag. badan oo ay dhiig u daadiyaan ahaa inta lagu jiro musiibo ee Khodynka Field (1894), ee Dagaalkii Ruush-Japanese (1904-1905), ee Kacaanka (1905-1907), Dagaalkii Adduunka (1914-1918) iyo in Revolution February ee (1917). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, boqortooyada Nicholas waxaa jiray koror ballaaran ee dadweynaha, canshuurta kuwa ugu hooseeya Europe yihiin, in gacmaha beeralayda ahaa oo ku saabsan 80% ka mid ah dalka layaal. Nasiib darro, la'aanta ah ee gacanta adag failure ahu ee siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda iyo saameynta xooggan ku Grigory Rasputin oday keentay in markii la afgembiyey Emperor ee March 1917 iyo waxaa toogtay qoyskeyga xagaaga soo socda. Waxa uu ahaa guri ammaan ee la soo dhaafay Romanov ayaa guntiga u.

Aasaasihii of Russia Ciidanka Booliisku Society

Berngard Vasilevich Kene - heraldist weyn Empire Ruush ah, aasaasihii Ciidanka Booliisku Ruush ah Society. On uu initiative, gerbotvorchestva ku amro in Russia ayaa la qabtay. In 1857, Baron Koehne samaystaan sharciyo Astaantooda qurxinta. Bernhard ahaa abuure labaad ee Big ku ASTAANTA ee Empire Ruush ah iyo goday qoyska of guri ammaan Romanov ah.

Coat of gacmaha Romanovs ah: taariikhda

Tan iyo markii uu xilka qabtay 1613 oo dhan u taliya guri ammaan Romanov la isticmaalay astaanta qaranka, taas oo muujinaysa kuwo gorgor laba-madax. Laakiin 60-s qarnigii XIX ah, Alexander II rabay in la abuuro calaamad u ah shakhsi. Sidee ahaa shuluggii qoyska hubka ee guri ammaan Romanov ah? Waayo, ay sal u ahayd astaanta, oo ka mid ah boyars Romanov. Laakiin waxaa sidoo kale waa calaamad u ah Holsten-Gottorp-Romanov, sida laan oo toos ah oo lab ah guri ammaan ah gaabin ee 1730kii la dhimashada Peter waxaan ee awow, Peter II, iyo haweenka - in 1761 la geeridii gabadhiisii Elizabeth. Wakiilka hore ee guri ammaan ee Holsten-Gottorp-Romanov ahaa Peter III. Oo hooyadiis, Anna, waxay ahayd gabadhii Petra Velikogo, iyo aabbihiis, Karl Friedrich, wuxuu ahaa Duke of Holsten-Gottorp. Peter, sida muuqata, ma haysan waqti si loo xaliyo magaca sharciga ah ee guri ammaan ah, iyo naagtiisii, Catherine II, ma soo jiidan arrinta meel simbiriirixo leh dareenka badan, sababtoo ah markii hore ay booska carshiga ahaa quruxsan gariir.

Astaamaha Astaanta-Holsten Gottorp-Romanov

Waa maxay macnaha jubbadda hubka ee Romanovs ah? Qiimaha waa wax iska cad, waayo, waa talada iyo amarka.

gaashaankii waxaa loo kala qaybiyey laba qaybood. jaakad Xaqa hubka ee Romanovs ah. Waxaa gaysteen oo qoorta cas, kuhaayaan haadeed ay seef iyo gaashaan. The si faahfaahsan ugu muhiimsan - gorgor yar madow on board a fadhiya. darafka jubbadda hubka lagu qurxiyey madaxyo libaax '. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in astaanta Romanovs ku deyn buu igu ahaa iyaga by laga astaanta ee Livonia, sida Griffin ah - tiradaasi si caddaalad ah wax caadi ah in heraldry Yurub. Coat of gacmaha Slesvig-Holsten oo waxa uu ku yaalaa on bidix iyo u qaybsan yahay shan qaybood, marka laga reebo gaashaan oo yaryar ee xarunta. On ku laayeen, waxaad ka arki kartaa jubbadda hubka ee Slesvig, jaakad Holsten oo hubka, jaakad of stormarnsky hubka, ditmarsensky jubbadda. gaashaankii hoose waxaa sidoo kale loo qaybiyay laba qaybood: Oldenburg iyo Astaantooda delmengorstsky.

Golaha Boyars Romanov ah

Golaha Romanov in Charge - dhismaha oo keliya in uu ka badbaaday oo ka xaafadaha weyn ee Romanovs ah. Ajnabiga, waxaa la dhisay qarnigii XVI daahay. In qarnigii XIX ah, Alexander II shaaca ka qaaday in Golaha noqday madxafka oo ah waa lacag la'aan in ay soo booqdaan. Golaha Romanov sidoo kale xusid mudan for xaqiiqda ah in derbiyadeeda waa image a Griffin oo ah qof weyn ee qoyska Romanov ah.