Natalia Goncharova, Pushkin Lanskaya - Biography oo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka. Sheekada jacayl Natali Goncharovoy iyo Pushkin

Nataliya Nikolaevna Pushkina (Natalia Goncharova) - waa mid ka mid ah haweenka Ruush yar, kuwaas oo falalka wada hadleen ma aha oo kaliya in noloshiisa, laakiin iyada oo qarniyo ka uu dhintay ka dib. Her image ayaa lagu amaanay by Gabayaana waxaa ugu weyn Ruush, iyo waqti isku mid indhaha u badan oo, waxa uu ahaa oo weli sabab dhimasho oo uu naagtiisa cajiib ah.

qoyska

naagtiisa Future Aleksandra Pushkina ahayd gabadhii Nikolai Goncharov. awowayaashiis ahaayeen ganacsatada, ee boqornimadiisa of Elizabeth amar ku abtirsan ugu sareeya siinay. Sida ina kaliya ee waalidkiis, Natalia aabihiis helay waxbarasho heer sare ah, in 1804 uu ku qoran ee College of Arrimaha Dibadda, oo muddo ka dib, heshay darajo qiimeeyaha collegiate, ayaa loo magacaabay Xoghayaha taliyaha Moscow ee.

Xaaskiisa - Natalia Ivanovna, nee Zagryazhskaya, waxay ahayd gabadh sharaf maxkamadda Imperial. From ay guurka u dhashay toddoba carruur ah. Natalia Goncharova - ilmaha shanaad ee qoyska.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

The sano ee hore ee nolosha Natalia Goncharova qaatay baadiyaha: marka hore, tuulada gobolka Karia, Tambov, ka dibna guryaha ku Yaropolets iyo maro Factory. qoyska ayaa markaas u dhaqaaqay magaalada.

Natalia Goncharova, sida walaalaha iyada, helay waxbarasho heer sare ee guriga. Carruurta ayaa la baray taariikh Ruush iyo dunida, juqraafiga, luqadaha Faransiis iyo Ruush iyo suugaanta. Isla mar ahaantaana Natalia, kuwaas oo ahaa kii ugu yaraa Walaashiin Goncharov ah, uu leeyahay qurux aan caadi ahayn. Sida laga soo xigtay-qorka ee saffarro, Walaalo ah iyada oo sidoo kale ay ahaayeen kuwo ku soo jiidasho leh, laakiin saddex dhan lahaa khasaaro weyn waqtiga - gabdhaha waxay ahaayeen Yarad, sida ay awoowe bixiyey oo dhan maal qoyska oo uu sayidaddeedii, ina a Faransiis iyo bidix deynta kaliya.

matchmaking

Alexander Pushkin oo Nataliya Nikolaevna Goncharova kulmay Moscow dhamaadka 1828, ee kubada, taasoo siiyey Yogel sayidkiisii ku cayaaraya. The beauty iyo nimcada haweenka ayaa soo saaray aragti joogta ah ee Abwaan. 4 bilood ka dib markii jacayl Pushkin weydiiyay iyada gacanta ee waalidka doorashada dhexdhexaadiye Theodore Tolstogo- "Americans."

Goncharova Sr. ayuu mana uu inkirin, laakiin isku mid ma ahayn in guurka, ku dhiiri galinta go'aankiisa isagoo sheegay in gabadheeda ay weli tahay mid aad u yar in ay qoys dhistaan. Dhab ahaantii, waxay u badan tahay in aad weydiisato kulan dheeraad ah oo cajiib ah Natalie, iyo in uusan rabin in uu ku biiro in xidhiidh buuna la yeeshay freethinker ah, kuwaas oo aan u isticmaali meesha uu dayrka.

Pushkin aad buu ugu cadhooday iyo qalbi culus tagay ciidanka ee Caucasus. ayuu soo laabtay Moscow ee September, ku degdegay inuu Goncharov, halkaas oo uu ku sugayay garabka qabow. Malaha, inta lagu guda jiro maqnaanshaha sharciga hooyo-in-iman kara gabayaa ee ogaaday gobolka dhabta ah ee dhaqaalaha iyo bartay qabatinka si meydhaa kaararka. Intaa waxaa dheer, Natalya Ivanovna Goncharova ahaa taqi ah oo la jecel yahay Emperor soo daahay, sidaas oo jir- kala gooyey by Pushkin, oo la isku dayay in uu dhaleeceeyo siyaasada ee Alexander I, ama si ay u sameeyaan xiiso leh kuwa muujisay dhawrsasho iloowsiiyo. Waxa ay u muuqatay in gabayaa ma maamuli si aad u hesho gabadha of heshiis qoyska, maxaabiistii dadka qalbigiisa, oo isagu marnaba awoodi doonaan in ay iyada soo wac inuu naagtiisa.

Sheekada jacayl Natali Goncharovoy iyo Pushkin

In guga ee 1830 Alexander ahaa ee St. Petersburg. Iyada oo saaxiibo is, wuxuu bartay in Goncharovs in ay aqbalayaan in guurka in gabadhooda. Dhaqso ayuu u soo celin Moscow oo dalab, kaas oo la aqbalay. Iyo saaxiibada qoyska ku dhow ka dib xusay in doorka qiyaano in arrintan lafteeda ciyaaray Natalia Goncharova, taas oo mar horeba ahayd si dhab ah Abwaan isha.

Tan iyo Pushkin under surveillance qarsoodi ahaa, uu waajib ku ah inay wargeliyaan falalka ay shakhsi ahaan Emperor Nicholas koowaad. Iyada oo laga jawaabayo warqad ku saabsan oo raba in ay guursadaan Boqortooyada dhex Benkendorf ayuu siiyey "qanacsanaanta oo deeqsi ah," laakiin waxa uu sheegay inuu doonayo inuu sii wadaan in ay baraan talo gabayaa ee.

hawlgelinta

aroos la aroosadda oo hooyadiis mustaqbalka u tageen inay guryaha Linen Factory inay soo bandhigto madaxa qoyska. Dhowr maalmood ka dib kulan uu la yeeshay aabbahay oo ahaa ku hawlan Pushkin iyo Goncharova, laakiin arooska lahaa in dib loo dhigo, sababtoo ah wadahadalada iyo yarad ah.

Soddoh si joogto ah dagaalada wiilkiisa, si saaxiibo badan oo u maleeyey in guurka marna dhici doona, gaar ahaan tan iyo geeridii ku timid adeerkiis Abwaan - Basil L. - ma siiyo fursad inay guursadaan dhallinyarada ilaa dhamaadka baroor.

Abwaan The lahaa inuu ka tago Boldin oo halkaasay iska sii joogeen sababtoo ah cudurka daacuunka. Ka hor inta safarka, wuxuu mar kale muran Mme Goncharova iyo ka dib iyada qoray warqad taas oo uu ku sheegay in gabadheeda ay dareemi karaan si buuxda oo lacag la'aan ah, inkastoo uu marnaba guursan lahaa naag kale ma jiro. Iyada oo laga jawaabayo, aroosadda siisay ballanqaad ah inuu jacayl, in amusin Pushkin.

Ka dib markii badan oo ka kaaftoomi yarad February 18, 1831 oo dhallinyaro ah ayaa la guursaday macbudka ah loosoo Great, taas oo ahayd ee Gate Nikitsky.

farxad gaaban

Ka dibna, dad badan baa shakiyey in Natalia Goncharova, Pushkin jeclaaday. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Abwaan qoray in saaxiibada ka dib markii arooska waa Rowan ku faraxsanahay.

Marka ugu horeysa, lamaanahan deganaa ee Moscow, laakiin markaas u dhaqaaqay Tsarskoye Selo, sida Alexander isku dayay in uu naagtiisa ka saameynta ay Tiffany ilaaliyo.

Ayaa qorshaynaysa in ay nolol cidla ah Abwaan ka fog iftiinka si looga hortago in ay ka imanayaan ashtakooday boqorka, kuwaas oo go'aansaday in ay qaado ee guriga iyo beer yar oo ah caasimadda, halkaas oo daacuun la hirarkii iska.

Inta lagu jiro mid ka mid ah qaybaha uu naag Park Pushkin qalad ah la kulmay Nicholas I naagtiisa. Empress The muujiyay iyada rajeynayaa in gabayaa iyo Natalia noqon guests soo noqnoqda ee madaxtooyada, iyo Maalin la Yaqaan, markii gabadha lahaa in ay iyada bixiso booqasho.

In St. Petersburg

On uu ku soo laabtay caasimadda Natalya Nikolaevna Pushkina, kuwaas oo qaddar waqti in aan cidna ku dhibin, waxaa sidoo kale la helay ee bulshada sare. Isla mar ahaantaana, dad badan oo la ogaadaa iyada jilcid iyo kursiga, taas oo ay u sabab ah xishood dabiiciga ah ee haweeney dhallinyaro ah.

May 19, 1832 ee qoyska ilmaha ugu horeysay Pushkin waxa uu ku dhashay - gabadh Mary, oo sannad ka dib siiyey ninkeeda Natalia ina Alexander.

Life ee caasimada dalbaday in qarashka sare iyo in la kordhiyo qoyska si joogto ah ee xaaladaha cidhiidhiyin. Intaa waxaa dheer, Pushkin jeclaaday khamaar, oo inta badan laga badiyay miiska kaarka mushaarkooda, kuwaas oo horey u yihiin oo kali ah oo ku filan in lagu bixiyo guriga.

Xaaladda hagaagtay xoogaa markii Natalia dhaqaaqay walaashiis ka weyn aan guursan. Waxay bixiyaan qayb ka mid ah kharashka guri dabaq ah oo lacag u gaar ah oo uu kiraysiga. Gaar ahaan, Ekaterina Goncharova si tiir kasta oo sharaf Empress u yimid, oo helay mushahar fiican.

Aqoon Dantes

Pushkin magacaabayo post ee mudane ee la seexdo, haddaba sidaas daraaddeed taas waxaa loo arkaa caay ah, laakiin waxaa lagu qasbay in ay aqbalaan, soo jeedin joogitaanka xaaskiisa iyo dhammaan dhacdooyinka bulshada ee lagu qabtay xarunta madaxtooyada. Mid ka mid ah ku qaabilaan kuwan, oo waxaa jiray shir dilaa ah, kaas oo ku sheegay wax Biography Natali Goncharovoy, qoray saffarro iyada, sannado badan ka dib.

Sidaas daraaddeed, in 1835, xaaskiisa A. ku S. Pushkina kulmay ina la ansixiyay danjiraha Dutch ee Russia - Guardsman Georges Dantes. Sida laga soo xigtay saffarro, in kulan uu la qaatay sarkaalka doonteen iftiinka abid waxaa jiray xan ah oo ku saabsan xidhiidhada kasta, Durid Natalya Nikolaevna, in kastoo qof kasta ogaa in isaga qudhiisa horeysay Nicholas la taag daran.

Zhorzh Dantes kama aan qarin jacaylka in la Goncharov, oo aan ka waaban inaad u sheegto saaxiibadaa ku saabsan waxa uu rajeynayo in ugu danbeyn ku guuleysan qalbigeeda. xitaa wuxuu la aaminsiiyey ay isbarteen caadi Idalia Poletika yeedhi Natalia Nikolaevna in gurigeeda oo naftiisa ku maqan ku andacoonaya, si, Goortuu keligiis ahaa la jecel yahay, uu ku guuleysan karo iyada raallinimo. Sida baadhayaashu, shir noocan oo kale ah ayaa waxaa lagu qabtay iyo waxa mid ka mid ah sababaha ay keentay call a Pushkin cute Faransiiska ahaa.

Xafiiltanka iyo dhimasho xaaska ugu horeysay

In xilliga dayrta ee 1836 oo ku saabsan xiriirka ka Natalia Nikolaevna iyo halhays Dantes leeyahay oo dhan ee St. Petersburg, iyo 4 November, Pushkin iyo saaxiibbadiis helay lampoon qarsoodi ah, taas oo Abwaan abaal cuckold diblooma. ninkeeda Masayr dhacday xanaaqay oo caqabad ku ah Dantes diray. Waxa uu ahaa ku saabsan heeganka qalcaddii, iyo gurigii uu ahaa kaliya Gekkern sare. Waxa uu aqbalay oo caqabad ku saabsan wiilkeeda, laakiin codsaday dib u dhac ah.

Marka barashada ee ujeedka lagu doonayo in la ilaaliyo sharafta Pushkin, France a wooed Ekaterina Goncharova. Gabar Happy, muddo dheer jacayl sarkaalka doonteen, siiyeen ma aha oo kaliya uu ogolaansho, laakiin Natalya Nikolaevna iyo qaraabada kale isku dayay in uu ka dhaadhiciyo Abwaan in Dantes la kulmay Goncharov, si ay u dhaw iyada ku.

Pushkin ma toogasho karaa aroosadda Walaasheed sidaas ku noqday call. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii arooska Dantes iyo Catherine xanta ku saabsan arrin la Goncharova yar sii.

January 23 at kubada reer France ayaa muujiyay indiscretion ee la xiriirta Pushkin. Tan iyo markii ay wax yar ka hor Alexander u ballanqaaday inuu boqorka mar dambe ka dhigi xafiiltanka a Dantes, warqad af inay Heeckeren uu ku qoray. Wuxuu ayaa lagu qasbay inuu ka jawaabo taas oo caqabad ku ah, laakiin waxa uu la Pushkin lama dagaallami karin sababtoo ah xaalada uu diblomaasiyadeed, sidaa darteedna waxaa loo badalay wiil qaatay.

Wax laga hortagi karo masiibo, iyo on January 27 at River Black ee dagaalka dhimanaya kulmay Abwaan weyn oo uu xadgudbaha. Sidaas darteed of shot Dantes Pushkin ah waxaa isaga loo dhaawacay oo ku dhintay laba maalmood ka dib.

carmalinimadeedii

Emperor Nicholas I qaaday daryeelka qoyska ee Pushkin. Waxa uu si gaar ah lacag ay isaga bixiyaan daymaha uu, ayaa u magacaabay carmal iyo gabdhona wuu howl gab ah, iyo wiilashiisii u qoray bogaga la sii daayo oo ka mid ah content in ay dhibic halka ay heli doonaan mushaar.

Natalia aysan jirin sabab ay u sii joogaan St. Petersburg, oo la tegey carruurta Factory oo linenka ah. Back ee magaalada, ayay keentay nolol xasilloon oo ah hooyo lagu dayan karo oo daryeel leh, oo waxay bilaabeen inay u muuqdaan maxkamada sano oo keliya 6 ka dib geeridii ku timid xaaska.

guurka labaad

Xilliga jiilaalka 1844 carmalka ah Pushkin la kulmay saaxiib la ah walaalkiis, Major General Petrom Lanskim, kuwaas oo nolosha oo dhan si ay hawsha dalka iyo lama in 45 sano marna guursaday. Dhawr bilood ka dib uu dalab, iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan Pushkin Natalia Goncharova noqday sayidaddeedii Lanskaya buuxa ee gurigiisa.

In guurka waxay dhashay saddex gabdhood oo ku faraxsan yahay, inkastoo la sheegay in xiriir uu iyada la ninkeeda labaad waa hamiday lahayn oo beddelaya ah "dareen la xidhiidha jacaylka."

Natalia Goncharova, Pushkin Lanskaya ku dhintay 1863 at da'da 51 sano. Waxay waxaa lagu aasay Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra, iyo 14 sano ee soo socda in ay iyada helay meel ay ku nastaan ee la soo dhaafay, iyo xaaska labaad. qabriga ma soo jiitaan dareenka kuwii aan wax ogayn Biography naagta, sida Taalladaas ka sheegaye kaliya hal magac - Lanskaya.

Hadda waxaad ogaan Biography Muuse ku il qabad leh ugu muhiimsan ee Abwaan weyn Ruush. Sida laga soo xigtay-qorka ee saffarro, Wehbe of Natalia Goncharova, Pushkin Lansky siin inkling kaliya ee iyada qurux kaamil ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadu ma keeno iyada farxad.