Luis Corvalan: Biography iyo Qoyska

Luis Corvalan (sawir laga qaaday ka dib in maqaalka) - mid ka mid ah madaxda xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Chile. Isaga oo taageero ahaa muhiim u soo socda si ay awood 1970, Salvador Allende, madaxa ugu horeysay loo doortay Markis gobolka ee Hemisphere Galbeed. Wuxuu ku geeriyooday Santiago, July 21, 2010 at da'da 93 sano. Xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Chile ku dhawaaqay inuu dhintay "caloolxumo weyn."

bahaysi Allende

Xisbiga, kaas oo ahaa ururada ugu waaweyn communist ee Latin America, ayaa ahaa halbowlaha ee isbahaysiga bidix hogaaminayo dhakhtarka iyo hoggaamiyaha Allende SF. Haddii aan taageero ka Communists la guusha uu doorashada madaxtinimada margin yar ee 1970 uu noqon doono wax aan macquul aheyn.

Allende, kuwaas oo ay la warshadaha ee reer Chile intii uu hoggaanka dalka, ka go'an ismiidaamin ah ka dib markii uu lagu afgembiyey in inqilaab militari ee 1973, Corvalan, oo uu la taliye u dhow, carareen ka dib inqilaabkii. Wiilkiisii keliya ahaa jirdilay, laakiinse wuu diiday inuu u muujiyo halka aabbihiis.

La joogo, waayo, sannad-guuradii 70aad

Hogaamiyaha HRC Later waxaa laga helay iyo xabsi. Saddex sano adduunka oo dhan ka dhawaajisay dhigyo ah: "Freedom Luis Corvalan!". Ugu dambeyntii, December 18, 1976 in Airport Zurich qaaday ay beddelkeeda mucaaradka ee Soviet Vladimir Bukovsky.

Brezhnev, kuwaas oo sanad guuradii 70aad ayaa waxaa u dabaal maalinta ku xigta, ku adkeystay on hadiyad this. Macalinka reer Chile ayaa uu ku haboon ee communist Latin America iyo isbahaysi xoogan oo USSR.

Corvalan ka timaada deegaanka ridayeen. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa Communists ugu caansan ee South America, inta lagu guda jiro saddexda sano ee keentay Chile shuuciga xisbiga noqday. Waxa uu si adag u raacay line xisbiga, rakibay ee Moscow, ilaa taageerada duulaankii Midowga Soofiyeeti ee Czechoslovakia ee 1968 iyo halka line isla noqotay mid ku sii wac si aad u wada shaqeyn weyn la non-Communists, Luis Corvalan sheegay Marba fikirka. "Ma riday oo dhan xisbiga Christian ee isku dambiil" - ayuu yidhi at the Congress of shuuciga Party of Czechoslovakia, tilmaamayaa in ururada ku jira in ay xaq u isbahaysiga Markis.

naqdiya Allende

Corvalan dhaleeceeyay maamulka dhaqaale Madaxweynaha hantiwadaag oo isaga qudhiisana gooni jiidashada Sokeeyaha badan ee isbahaysiga ee kacaanka hubaysan ee qaab Cuba fogeeyay. Ma baqaya in la eego oo ah dhaqaaleyahan muxaafidka ah, waxa uu sheegay in go'aanka Allende kicin mushaharka shaqaalaha aan kordhaya wax soo saarka ayaa waxaa sabab u ah sicir bararka.

Luis Corvalan dareemay kalsooni ku filan oo ay ku dhaleeceeyo madaxweynaha shakhsi ahaan, isagoo sheegay in uu tegey inuu soo dhiman oo bilaabay inuu ku soo celiyo. Allende "waxaad tustay calaamooyin ee fadhiidka ah," ayuu qoray wariye Corvalan 1997, isagoo intaa ku daray in "dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka ayaa horumar dheeraad ah uu ka badan."

ballaadhkiisuna wuxuu ahaa views uu aad u cidhiidhi ah marka ay timaado danaha xisbiga shuuciga ah. Ka dib booqasho uu ku tagay Shiinaha sannadkii 1959, ayuu ku amaanay hab dalka ee Marxism. Laakiin markii 1961 xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo Ruushka xumeeyay Corvalan cambaareeyay Maoism.

Wuxuu waxaa loo doortay xoghayaha guud ee Chile ee xisbiga shuuciga ah ee 1958 oo lagu qabtay this post ilaa 1990.

Luis Corvalan: Biography

Luis Nikolas Korvalan Lepes (uu ka dib hoos warqad ugu dambeeyey ee la odhan hooyada, uu noqday Lepe) waxa uu ku dhashay September 14, 1916, in Pelluko, meel u dhow Puerto Montt koonfurta Chile. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa lix iyo walaalaha ahaa. Oo hooyadiis shaqeeyay sida seamstress a. Marka Luis ahaa 5, aabbihiis tagay qoyska. Wiil The bartay in uu akhriyo iyadoo la kaashanayo hooyo kale, kuwaas oo ku noolaa albaabka soo socda.

Corvalan waxaa baranayay inuu noqdo macallin in macalinka Tomé oo helay shahaado ee 1934, laakiin xitaa ka hor, in 1932, wuxuu ka helay shaqo sida qoraa iyo editor of wargeyska communist "Dadka Front", "Century" iyo kuwa kale. In uu soo bandhigayo Chile ayaa waxaa ay gacanta ku dadka iyo dadka daraaddiis.

Xisbiga shuuciga ah ayaa waxaa laga mamnuucay in 1947, iyo Luis Corvalan xerada ku jiray oo uruuray in Pisagua. Ka dib markii sharciyeynta ee HRC ee 1958 ayuu waxaa loo doortay in golaha magaalada Concepcion iyo gobolkii laba jeer Senator Nyuble iyo Aconcagua iyo Valparaiso ah.

Luis Corvalan: Qoyska

Hogaamiyaha mustaqbalka ee xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Czechoslovakia guursaday Lily Castillo Riquelme 1946 magaalada Valparaiso. Waxay heleen afar caruur ah, ina Luis Alberto, iyo saddex gabdhood. Wiilka ayaa u dhintay wadna ee Bulgaria a 28 sano. Xaaskiisa iyo laba gabdhood, Vivian iyo Maria Victoria, ka badbaaday Corvalan.

bahaysi muhiim ah

In 1970, xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Chile lahaa oo ku saabsan 50 kun oo Members., Waxaa qaybta ugu weyn ee isbahaysiga dib markii hantiwadaagnimadu Allende samaynta. Xisbiga Corvalan oo waxaa lagu arkay isagoo ka wakiil ah dhammaan ciidamada communist ee South America, oo ay ku guulaystaan doorashada jeclaa. Oo isna wuxuu jeerba ay saamaynta sii kordhaysa. By sano th 70 of HRC waxa ay ahaayeen 20% codadkii. xubnaha ahaayeen dad caan ah sida Abwaan Pablo Neruda, qoraa Francisco Koloane iyo Xisbi, Victor Jara.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka communists maxaliga ah ayaa loo tixgeliyaa in dhexdhexaad ah, iyo caajis Corvalan. "Isaga oo hadalka siiye ah, dharka jir-qabanqaabiyey sugeysayna iyo koofiyadaha maleeyeen aan loogu tala galay in lagu dhiirrigeliyo dhalinyarada reer Chile", - wargeyska "New York Times" ee 1968.

Oo Corvalan bilaabeen inay badasho image. Waxa uu bilaabay xiran xiriirka dhalaalaya, dhoola at camera iyo iska dhigaya la shuuciga dhallinyarada ee mini-daraftiisa.

afgambiga

afgambi Pinochet ee September 11, 1973 joojiyo in dadaalka dowladda Qaranka Unity. Kumanaan qof ayaa lagu dilay, la xiray oo jirdil. Ka dib markii dawladda Allende la saaray oo ku soo orday Corvalan, awood military ku raad isaga, xiray wiilkiisa Luis Alberto. Waa lagu jirdilay, balse uu iska aamuseen.

Sida laga soo xigtay warbaahinta dalka Chile, Corvalan u suurtagashay in ay ka baxsadaan si ay naagtiisii iyo gabdhona wuu mahad.

Gebogebadii

Corvalan laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan la helay iyo xabsi. Bishii Oktoobar 1973, markii uu dilka ayaa dib loo dhigay sabab u ah dood kulul ee Qaramada Midoobay. Ergay reer Chile shaaca ka qaaday in xukunka oo aan weli la soo gudbin. Corvalan ka dib lagu helay khiyaano qaran.

In 1974, waqti markii uu ku xiray xabsiga Chile on Dawson Island ee ku Strait of Magellan, Midowga Soofiyeeti abaal Corvalan International Lenin Peace Prize oo la afuufin fadeexad, dalbanaya in lasii daayo ka qaybgalka shirarka caalamiga kala duwan.

badelay cagajuglaynta

Maraykanka ayaa, ku simaha sida dhex-dhexaadin ah, ku heshiiyeen in ay is-dhaafsiga. Mr. Bukovsky, ayaa diiwaan xaqiiqada ah in Midowga Soofiyeeti, nonconformist Soviet diray isbitaalada dhimirka, ayaa la sii daayay by Kremlin iyo deganaa ee England. Luis Corvalan ayaa sidoo kale la sii daayay ka godad ah.

Sii daayay, Luis Corvalan, carruurta iyo xaaskiisa u tageen inay Moscow oo bilaabay in ay ku noolaadaan sida saraakiisha sar sare. Sida ay wararka qaar sheegayaan, wuxuu qalay caag ah oo ay Chile ku soo laabtay daahsoon ee 1980 in uu abaabulo iska caabin ah dowladda. Sida laga soo xigtay dhakhtarka qalliinka, Luis Corvalan hor iyo ka dib caag ah - waa laba qof oo kala duwan. Wuxuu thinned sanka iyo indhaha daboolkoodana u qaaday.

Corvalan kasoo muuqdo si cad in Chile ee 1989, markii General Augusto Pinochet laga badiyay doorashada, ayay ka shaqeeyeen qorkiisa uu muddo sanado ah, kaas oo aan marnaba la dhamaystiro. Inta lagu jiro la masaafuriyey, oo uu gacan saar la leeyihiin Volodey Teytelboymom iyo madaxda kale ee loo musaafuriyay ee xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Czechoslovakia si loo soo celiyo ku dhowaad Ahaysiinay xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Chile. In USSR ah, Corvalan filan dhaleeceyn adag ka xisbiga shuuciga ee failure oo ka mid ah dowladda Popular Unity. Sida mid ka mid ah xisbiga mas'uulkaas, Lenin na baray, kuma filna in la sameeyo kacaan, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ogaado sida loo difaaco.

Jidka Chile

Don Lucho, sida ay u yeedheen asxaabta Corvalan ayaa muddo dheer ku dooday in waddada si nabad ah in hantiwadaagga marayo doorashooyinka iyo qaabka guud ee dastuurka. Uu khilaafka gudaha ahaa xaqiiqada ah in uu ma, saddex sano oo ka mid ah dowladda Popular Midnimada gudahood go'aan ka gaari waayay si ay u tagaan la Jidka la aqoonsan yahay dastuurka iyo qalabayn dadka furasho zaschischity shuuciga. Laakiin sida uu mar colorfully ku rid, at isgoyska ma beddeli fardaha. Waxaad aan si lama filaan ah ay ka shaqeeyaan qaabka guud ee dastuurka inay halganka hubaysan tegi karo, in kasta oo ay 1973, ku adkeystay in bidix badan. Luis Corvalan weli ku qanacsanahay in ee shuruudaha dawladda qaranka Chile ayaa ku guulaysan karo oo keliya marka ay ka heli doono taageero ee intooda badan waadaxa ah ee dadweynaha, dooda "isbedel horusocod ah". Oo waxaa loogu tala galay in ay soo jiidato tiro badan oo cod-bixiyayaasha in ay aaminsan Christian-dimuqraadi ah. Waqtigaas in ay ahayd wax aan macquul aheyn.

rahaamad midnimada

Xisbiga shuuciga ah ee Chile soo gaartay qeybsataan, sida hoos talisnimada Pinochet ayaa ku hadhay qayb ka mid ah waxaa ka mid ah dhulka hoostiisa, iyo maamulka noqotay mid dibad joog. Ka dib markii falanqayn badan iyo dhaleeceyn gudaha ee 1980, xisbiga uu hoggaamiyo Corvalan bilaabay siyaasad ah "kacdoonkii caan mass." In isku day ah in afgembiyo afgambiga ka abaabulay falimihiisii curyaamin, weerarada on bangiyada iyo koronto la'aan. Oo 1983, waxaa la sameeyay by garabka hubaysan ee xisbiga, ku Patriotic Front Manuel Rodriguez, kaasoo sannadkii 1986 ka dhigay isku day lagu guulaysan on Pinochet. Sidaas darteed, shan ka mid ah ilaaladiisa, iyada oo ay ku dhinteen. Hogaamiyaha mudnaan badan HRC waa in uu xisbiga, in kastoo badan wiiqay by afgambi, hadhay midaysan.

Luis Corvalan qoray buugaag dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan "Dowladda El Salvador Allende", "communists iyo dimuqraadiyadda" iyo qorkiisa.