Lafaha wajiga anatomy ah. lafaha wajiga of dhaladii

dhakada aadanaha ee foomka ogtogeneze ah Oo Qaliin isbedel la taaban karo. In utero oo dhowaan ku dhashay dhakada ilmahaaga waa ka badan fekrado, ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in maskaxda ay ka badan horumariyo ku sugan iyo in ay marti waxay u baahan tahay awood ka weyn cranial. Qaabka uu dhaladii kala duwan yihiin sida ilkaha koraan oo go'an qaadka muruqyada.

Noocyo ka mid ah lafaha wajiga

dhakada waxay leedahay qaybaha wajiga iyo maskaxda. Oo soohdintu waxay ku taalaa inta u dhaxaysa dhabarka iyo goolasha ay orbital. lafaha Cranial yihiin guri. Waxay ku biiray dun ogolaada in koritaanka oo dhan lafaha cranial. Ka dib markii koritaanka lafoobid ay istaago.

Qaybta hore ee dhakada waxa ay ka kooban oo ka mid ah sanka iyo godadka afka. By unpaired ka mid ah:

• lafta ethmoid;
• furitaanka;
• lafta hyoid.

Of labada taagan:

• daanka sare,
• lafta sanka,
• go'an,
• lacrimal;
• Mälarsjukhuset;
• webbed;
• lafta palatine;
• daanka hoose;
• turbinate.

Ha ka fikiro si aynu oo dhan Lafaha qalfoofku wajiga.

maxilla

lafta Tani waa qol uumi ah. Waxay ka kooban tahay jirka ah iyo afar geedi socodka. jirka waxaa ku jira sanka ka maxillary, taas oo uu ula xiriiro saabka ballaaran dillaacii iyo sanka. Jirku wuxuu ka kooban yahay meelaha hore, infratemporal, indhaha iyo sanka.

dusha Front leeyahay qaab concave. On xuduudkeeda waa gobolka infraorbital hoos oo ku yaalla dareemayaasha infraorbital iyo weelashii furitaanka. waxaa Under - dalool ee foomka of fossa ah eyda. On ku laayeen dillaac fudud waxaa qaabeeya qaanso iyo sidoo kale gooyay, taas oo furitaanka ka hor dareemi dalool sanka. The hoose falalka qarkiisa iyo abuuraa dhabarta sanka.

From dusha orbital abuuraa derbi hoose orbital isagoo qaab siman concave xagalka ah. In deegaanka ee ku laayeen dillaac fudud waxaa xuduud la leh lafta lacrimal, saxan orbital iyo lafaha. In dambe ee soohdinta waddaa weheliyaan Waasac hoose orbital meesha bilaabmaa beerta u qodo infraorbital. Front waxaa loo beddelaa kanaalka infraorbital.

dusha Infratemporal Waxaa laga abuuray pterygopalatine iyo infratemporal-palatal godadka. Front waxaa la calaamadiyo habka zygomatic. Waxaa si cad u taagan buuraha leh oo reer daanka, halkaas oo u biilaabay godadka alveolar, jeestay gelin channels habboon. Waxaa idaacadahaas shaqeeyaan weelasha iyo dareemayaasha faray inay gowsaha.

dusha sanka waxaa la aasaasay by dhiismeedka adag. Waxaa la weheliso lafta iyo cirka hoose madaafiic sanka ah, in qaybta sare ee lafta palatal socday. On dusha sare si cad razschelina maxillary la arki karo oo ah qaab xagal. Ka hor si fiican u muujiyay by jeexdin a toosan, taas oo ku xiran yahay qolof hoose iyo lafta lacrimal sanka.

Dheeraad ah lafaha qalfoofka wajiga sii xuubka kaliga kordhin ka meydadka daanka sare meel ka mid ah wada oo ka mid ah meelaha sanka, indhaha iyo afka hore. Mid ka mid ah dhammaadka geeddi-socodka ay timaado in qaansada oo ka mid ah lafaha kaliga. On dusha sare lateral been calamaada lacrimal marayay gobolka infraorbital, xadeeyo qodo jeex. On dusha sare dillaac fudud yahay Roobka xigtaa shanlo isku xira la lafta zygomatic.

habka Zygomatic, taasoo ka dhigeysa daanka, sidoo kale converges la lafta zygomatic.

lafta Alveolar - saxan qaro leh dhinac concave, oo tan kalena waxay - convex baxaysa ka daanka. qarkiisa Its hoose - waxaa koriya arc alveolar (ilig lune) 8 ee ilkaha sare. qol Alveolar si loo hubiyo in ay qoruhu mezhalveolyarnyh helitaanka. sarreeya qoondeeyey ka baxsan, gaar ahaan si cad u muujiyay in gobolka jilibka.

Samada Scion waa saxan siman. lagana rujiyey sanka wuxuu billaabay, meeshay u kacdo in ay lafta alveolar. dusha Its sare waa siman iyo abuuraa derbi hoose ee saabka sanka. oo soohdintu waxay dillaac fudud ayaa xigtaa a kiciyey sanka, taas oo nidaamka palatal, isku laayeen of marashidiisii ah.

The hoose roughness dusha waa ka duwan yahay, iyo istaagi on dambe ee beerta u qodo palatine ah. qarkiisa dillaac fudud ku xiran xuubka isla Dhanka kale, ku dheehan dhanxanegga adag. Geesta hore ee furitaanka ee faas channel iyo gadaal ah - waxa la xidhiidha lafta palatal.

lafaha palatine

lafaha wajiga lamaanahaaga iyo unpaired. Palatine lafta waxaa loola jeedaa labada. Waxay ka kooban tahay saxan dadab iyo jiif.

saxan dadban ayaa afarta gees. Marka la isku outgrowths lafta palatine waa samada. A saxan siman hoose ayaa dusha adag. dusha sanka, in la barbardhigo, waa siman. Therealong iyo xuubka ku yaal calamaada maxillary sanka maraya lafta sanka.

saxan derbiga dadab ka mid dalool sanka. On ay dusha lateral of jeexdin waa samada waaweyn. Waxay, oo ay weheliso ka grooves ee daanka sare iyo xuubka lafta sphenoid, abuurista channel samada waaweyn. In dhamaadka waa god. On dusha sare dillaac fudud ee ahaa wasladdii khafiifka, labo ka mid ah fatihi siman - mid ka mid Roobka intuu kan kale - waaskada.

From lafta palatine gobolka wajiga dhakada tago orbital, pyramidal iyo appendages waslad-qaabeeya. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u daata ka hooseeyaaba oo hore, ka guuro labaad, gadaal ka hooseeyaaba goobta of taarikada xidhiidhka iyo kii saddexaad tagaa iyo dib u medially by xidhiidhinaya lafta sphenoid.

vomer

Furitaanka waa lafo unpaired wajiga qalfoofku. saxan trapezoidal Tani oo ku yaalla dalool sanka iyo abuuraa xijaab. Verhnezadny ayaa qarka u sii dhumuc weyn tahay meelaha kale. Waxay u qaybsan yahay laba, iyo qodo sameeyay maraa dhuuban iyo goday ee lafta sphenoid. qarkiisa gadaal choanae sooco, hoose - xiran yahay tiixtiix sanka palatine laftayda iyo hore - in ay isku waslad la septum sanka, iyo in kale oo la saxan ee lafta ethmoid.

lafta sanka

Aaday lafaha qalfoofka wajiga waxaa lagu soo bandhigay lafta sanka, abuurista lafta dhabarka ah. Tani saxan khafiif ah oo afar geesood, qarkiisa sare oo waa ka sii dhumuc iyo cidhiidhi badan hoose. Waxaa xiran lafta kaliga, lateral ah - habka aad kaliga, oo waxay isu hoose habka aad kaliga ee saldhiga ah waa soohdinta reer aperture ee saabka sanka. dusha hore ee lafta ayaa dusha a siman, iyo gadaal ah - concave jeexdin daaqaddii.

lafta lacrimal

Kuwani lafaha wajiga aadanaha dhakada ayaa waxaa sidoo kale wajihi doonta. Waxay soo bandhigay saxan halkii jilicsan ee foomka of geesle. waxaa la, derbiga hore ee falagiisuu dhex ah. In hore waxaa ka mid ah waxaa la midoobin, habka aad kaliga, hogaanka - kulli waxay ku laayeen lafta kaliga, oo ka danbeeya - kula saxan ee lafta ethmoid, bilowgii kaas oo daboolaya ay dusha dillaac fudud. On dusha sare lateral sugnaa calamaada lacrimal ilmada jillaab dhamaadka. ka hor A waa jeexdin lacrimal.

Clint Dampsey

lafaha labada ciyaaryahan kale, midaynta lafaha madaxa cerebral iyo wajiga. Waxaa la matalo dusha orbital, muddada iyo lateral, iyo sidoo kale hababka aad kaliga iyo temporal.

Oogada lateral waa joogto ahayn foomamka afargeesle orbital derbiga ka mid ah idiinna iyo gobolka infraorbital, muddada iyo - qayb fossa infratemporal.

xuubka kaliga kordhiyay kor iyo temporal - hoos. Dambeeya ka socda habka zygomatic foomamka xafiiltamaan zygomatic. Bone daanka sare waxaa dhajinta on aagga serrated.

daanka hoose

Tani waa laf cranial mobile kaliya. Waa unpaired oo ka kooban jirka siman, oo laba laamood ka taagan.

jidhku waa laaban yihiin qaab ah kabo faras oo ay dusha gudaha iyo dibadaba labadaba. Its ku laayeen hoose waxaa awgii iyo soo koobay, iyo qaybta sare la abuuraa Alfiyoli ilkaha alveolar kuwaas oo laga soocay midba midka kale by qoruhu.

In hore ee garka ku yaal Ballaarinta protrusion iyo jeestay galay tiibiida garka. Behind waxaa jira kabsanayo dhimirka, ka dib kaas oo ka yimaadaa khadka uugu.

In dhexe ee qaybta hoose ee daanka hoose la sii daayay dhabarta garka, labada dhinac kuwaas oo halkaas waa kiish fossa 2-caloosha. Geesta sare, u dhow Alfiyoli ilkaha, waa fossa ku sublingual, kaas oo u billaabay line daanka-hyoid daciif ah. line A waxa uu ku yaalaa hoos fossa ku submandibular.

daanka Branch waa uumi, waxa ay leedahay geesaha hore iyo xagga dambe, dibadda ah iyo dusha hoose. On qayb ka mid ah barxadda dibadda ee Qaadka la ogaado, iyo gudaha - tuberosity pterygoid.

Laanta dhammaanaysaa hore iyo gadaal appendages in intii ka sii weynayd kordhiyo. Dhexdoodana waxaa lafdheerta daanka hoose. habka jilibka - coronal, ayaa tilmaamay ugu sareysa. shanlada loogu talagalay waxaa lagu hanuuniyey by salkeeda ilaa ilig xagjirka ah. A condylar xuubka gadaal dhameeyo madaxa, luqunta oo kordhiyay daanka hoose.

lafta hyoid

Lafaha gobolka wajiga of lafaha hyoid dhamaadka dhaladii, oo ku yaalla qoorta u dhexeeya dhuun iyo daanka hoose. Waxaa ka mid ah jirka ah iyo laba appendages qaab gees oo waaweyn iyo kuwo yaryar. lafaha jidhka qalooca, qaybta hore - convex iyo gadaal ah - concave. Labada kooxood ayaa weecin oo geesaheeduna waa weyn iyo intii ka sii weyn, ka hooseeyaaba oo dib - u yar. lafta hyoid ayaa ganaax ku maqan ka lafaha qalfoofka by murqaha iyo seedaha ku. Waxay ku xiran yahay dhuun ah.

gunaanad

Marka aynu ka baran lafihii wajiga of dhaladii, anatomy barbaro dareenka ugu horreeya oo dhan dhul adag oo ku saabsan meelaha dibadda iyo gudaha, taas oo lagu sharaxay by xaqiiqada ah in ay jiraan maskaxda, ganglia iyo xubnaha dareenka.

Lafaha yihiin taagan (marka laga reebo daanka hoose). Waxay yihiin xaqiijisatay by noocyo kala duwan oo dun ee dhakada iyo wejiga, iyo sidoo kale iyada oo loo marayo carjawda ee kala goysyada saldhigga cranial.