Qarni ugu dambeeyay ee anti-niyadjabka. Murugada: Waa kuwee waa ka wanaagsan? Rogaal qiimaha dhakhtarro

Maanta, murugada saameeyaa dadka waaweyn ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale carruurta iyo dhallinyarada. Cudurkaan iyo qaababka waxaa la dagaalanka Nagi badan oo ku takhasusay cilmi-baarista iyo tiro badan oo ah articles iyo buugaagta. Haddii aan turjumo la "scientific" luqad caadiga ah, niyad-jabka - waa khasaaraha ee xoogga iyo rabitaan ay ku noolaadaan. Calaamadaha cudurkan waa feejignaan xumo iyo si joogto ah in niyadda xun, welwel iyo daal, feejignaan xumo iyo moodiness.

Farmashiiste Modern waxay bixisaa si ay cudurka murugada jiilka soo dhaafay ka qabtaan. Imisa timoleptikov ka ab (sidoo kale loo yaqaan wakiilada, ordaya ka dhanka ah niyad-jabka) ee maanta ka jira oo ay leeyihiin in caadiga ah iyo ku kala duwan yihiin midba midka kale, waa maxay hab ay of ay tallaabo? Kuwani iyo su'aalo kale waxaa looga hadli doonaa qodobka la soo jeediyay in aad fiiro.

Waa maxay murugada?

daroogada Tani, iyada oo loo marayo taas oo aad u yarayn kara calaamadaha iyo xitaa looga hortago niyad-jabka. farsamo ugu weyn ee tallaabo loogu talagalay hagaajinta waxqabadka lagmamaarmaanna u ah maskaxda bini'aadamka. unugyada dareenka, qaybaha, si joogto ah ula xiriiraan midba midka kale iyada oo walxaha gaar ah - neurotransmitters. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah aragtida ah, xanuunada niyad kac marka maskaxda ay sabab u tahay sababo kala duwan, heerarka si weyn u dhimay ee dhexdhexaadiye ama abahaaga a biogenic, dopamine, norepinephrine ama serotonin. qarnigii ugu danbeeyay ee murugada, iyo sidoo kale kuwa oo dhan hore, waxay leeyihiin nidaminayo ah oo ku sixi maskaxda geedi socodka lagmamaarmaanna by beddelo-fiirsashada ee abahaaga a biogenic.

Waa maxay waayo, iyagu?

Ka sokow in murugada casriga ah kaaga caawiso la qabsiga ah calaamadaha murugada, inta badan waxay ku waxaa loo isticmaalaa in laga takhaluso dhibaatooyin sida:

• kala duwan oo ka soo jeedo xanuun aan la garanayn,
• cunto ama la seexan doontaa,
• daal aad u daran ama luminta xoog;
• yaacsanaan ama dareenka danab DC,
• joog- yaacsanaan ama walaac,
• dhibaatooyinka xoogga ama xusuusto.

Qarni murugada

Ka hor inta aadan ka fiirsan qarniyada oo sida in badan oo daroogada ka dhanka murugada abuuray by maanta, waa in aynu ogaannaa in murugada laga helay oo kaliya ee bartamihii qarnigii XX ah. Si aad u taariikhda, waxay ku xiran tahay xilliga uu alifay iyo bilowgii isticmaalo nidaamka bukaan eegida, iyo sidoo kale tallaabo ee lidka diiqadda, waxaa go'aansanay in loo qoondeeyo afar fac ah daawooyinkan.

The diyaarinta qarnigan ugu horeysay ee

Jiilkii ugu horeeyay, u furan in 50-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay, wakiil timoleptikov tallaabo xilliile tricyclic (TCAs). Waxaa ka mid ah daroogada, "amitriptyline" (lidka diiqadda, waa tii ugu horraysay ee dadweynaha) iyo taagayo ay, iyo sidoo kale daawooyinka "Nefazodone" "Anafranil" iyo "Melipraminum". xeryahooda Kuwani oofiyo xanibeen reuptake norepinephrine, markaa si ay kordhaan ay fiirsashada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, TCAs hor istaagay ma aha oo kaliya norepinephrine (noradrenaliin), laakiin sidoo kale oo dhan kale uu ka yimaado jidka neurotransmitters ay, taasoo keentay in tiro badan oo ah waxyeelo xun, gaar ahaan sida kor u kac wayn ee cadaadiska dhiigga iyo garaaca wadnaha oo kordhay. Daroogooyinka in kooxdan waa kuwo sun ah, iyo fursadaha ka badinta markuu iyagii la isticmaalayo waa mid aad u sarreeya, taas oo ah sababta ay u yar isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo murugada maanta.

Waxaa intaa dheer, qarnigan ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah aan la isticmaalin ayaa maanta ku jira inhibitors karin ee oxidase monoamine (MAO) daroogada - "Iproniazid", "tranylcypromine," "isocarboxazid". tallaabo ay ku salaysan tahay Iscelin of waxqabad ee dhammaato dareemayaasha ee neurons maskaxda, markaa si ay kordhaan fiirsashada of serotonin iyo norepinephrine.

daroogada jiilka labaad

Jiilkii labaad, ka duwan kuwii hore ka, waxay leedahay saamayn dheeraad ah ee doorashada, laakiin taagta daran on neurotransmitters iyo naftooda neurons. Waxaa ka mid ah tetracyclic karin (MAO-B) iyo karo (MAO-A) reuptake inhibitors monoamine, diyaarinta sida soo bandhigay sida "Lerivon", "Lyudiomil", "Pirazidol" iyo kuwa kale. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in at dhaweynta waxaa jiray set oo ah waxyeelo halkii halis ah, laakiin sidoo kale sababta oo ah xidhiidhka ka daawooyin kala duwan iyo saamaynta aan la saadaalin karin, daroogada ee kooxdan waxaa loo isticmaalaa aad u dhif ah. In farmasiyada halkii ay adag tahay in la helo koox ka mid ah daawooyinka murugada, reuptake inhibitors monoamine. Laakiin mararka qaarkood waa la helay ka yar magacyada kale ee brand. Sidaas daraaddeed, Khubarada ayaa leh, in daawada "Lyudiomil" - waa kiniin isku "maprotiline" qiimaha, soo saaraha, iyo dalka kaliya kale.

qarnigooda saddexaad

baarayaasha Modern ogaaday in maskaxda iyo habka dareemayaasha jirka ay ku lug leeyihiin qaar ka mid ah 30 dhexaadiyayaasha, laakiin si ay "lahaanshaha" murugada oo dhan seddex ka mid ah: serotonin, dopamine iyo norepinephrine (noradrenaliin). Jiilkii saddexaad ka mid ah inhibitors xushay reuptake serotonin (SSRIs) wakiil murugada casriga ah sida caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo, daawooyinka "Zoloft", "Citalopram", "prozac", "Tsipraleks", "paroxetine", "Pliz" iyo kuwo kale oo badan. Daawooyinkan waxaa xannibi dhexdhexaadiyayaal ma yihiin oo dhan, laakiin mid ka mid ah oo keliya - serotonin. By ciidamada of saamaynta ay yihiin liita daawooyinka jiilka kowaad, laakiin waxyeelo weyn u yar tahay in wixii ka horreeyay kale. Dhammaan daawooyinka SSRI yihiin kuwo aad u ool ah oo la mid ah waa in loo dulqaadan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qof kasta oo inaga mid ah jidhka ku leeyahay dabeecadihiisa gaar ah, iyo sababta oo ah tirada iyo xoogga waxyeellooyinka uu noqon doono duwan kiis kasta. Dhakhaatiirta ayaa sheegay in saamaynta ugu badan dhinaca xun ah daawooyinka qarnigooda saddexaad u yihiin hurdo la'aan, dawakhaad, lalabo iyo walwalka.

Ma SSRIs qaali. Sayidka, medicament "Citalopram" qiimaha si caddaalad ah si fiican u yaqaan oo loo isticmaalo in farmashiyaha, ku xiran tahay astaanta ah, by kaas oo la soo saaray, ku kala duwanaan kara 870 ilaa 2000 rubles.

Tan afraad jiilka murugada

Daawooyinka Kuwani qaaday la xidhiidhaa kooxda SIOZSiN (serotonin xushay inhibitor reuptake iyo norepinephrine a). Kuwani waa qarni ugu dambeeyay ee lidka diiqadda, sida daawooyinka "Cymbalta", "Milnacipran", "Remeron", "Effexor" taaso ka qabashada iyo norepinephrine, iyo serotonin. Daroogooyinka "Zyban" iyo "Wellbutrin" ha la macaamilaan serotonin, iyo dopamine, norepinephrine iyo qabsaday. Horumarinta daawooyinka in ay yihiin u sabab ah kooxda, wuxuu bilaabay kaliya ee bartamihii 90-mada ay qarnigii la soo dhaafay, oo sanad kasta waxaa jira daawooyin dheeraad ah oo cusub.

Dhakhaatiirta cad ma dhihi karnaa in kooxdan waxaa jira anti-dejiye ugu fiican, waa mabda 'aan macquul ahayn, sida lagu daaweyn jiray noocyo kala duwan oo loo dawayn lahaa xanuunada niyad waxaa si gaar ah loo doortay, iyada oo la tixgelinayo dabeecadaha caafimaadka bukaanka kasta.

timoleptiki casriga Popular

Ogyahay halista ah ee saamaynta kooxdan oo ah daroogada on habka dareemayaasha jirka, waa in la xusuusnaado in ay suuragal tahay oo dhan - labada togan iyo kuwa taban - cawaaqib saadaalin karo iyo takhalusi lahaayeen oo kaliya farsamayaqaan tababbaran - dhakhtar. Yeelata dhamaan sifooyinka qofka shakhsiga ah iyo in la ogaado galay, waa dhakhtar ayaa cayimi karta saxda ah ee lidka diiqadda, oo caawimaad ugu fiican kiis gaar ah, oo leh waxyeelo yar kartaan. In kiiska marka la qaadanayo daawooyinka laguu qoro wax dhibaatooyin ah qabto, waa dhakhtar ka bedelno ama la bedelo daawada. Maanta practitioners ugu talinaynaa in bukaanada qaba xanuunada niyad diyaarinta ka tirsan ee reuptake inhibitors serotonin xushay iyo saamaynta wax ku ool ah noradrenaliin oo la xaqiijiyo in dhaqanka. medicaments sida "milnacipran" "daadanayo" ( "fluoxetine"), "duloxetine", "Velaksin" ( "venlafaxine") - ugu badan oo loo soo murugada jiilka soo dhaafay. Tixgeli ugu caansan ee lagu daaweeyo xanuunada niyad timoleptiki.

"Flukosetin" daawo

daroogada Tani waa mid ka mid ah wakiilada ugu horeysay ee group SSRI ah, waxa ay isku niyad jabka iyo saamaynta qaadka labadaba. Daawo "daadanayo", sidoo kale loo yaqaano anti-dejiye "Fluoxetine", waxay ka caawisaa loo yareeyo walaaca iyo kacsanaanta, ka saaraysaa cabsi iyo hagaajinaysaa niyadda. The isticmaalka ugu wax ku ool ah waxaa ka mid ah, sida laga soo xigtay dhakhtarrada, maskaxda, xaaladaha murugada asthenic la arxandarro iyo niyad-jabka ah ee darnaanta iyo disorder waswaaska kala duwan. Waxaa daroogada this loo isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo bulimi. Niyad jabka "Fluoxetine" markii ugu horaysay ka diiwaan gashan 1974 ee dalka Mareykanka, iyo tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, intuu ku socday inuu meesha ugu horeysa ee iibka ah ee UK, kaliya magac ganacsiga kala duwan - oo macnaheedu yahay "Prozac". In Russia, dawadan waxa loo isticmaalo iyo caafimaad oo badan ayaa soo jeedinaya in la qoro in ay bukaanada ama xabbo ee gobolada niyad kala duwan.

Drug "Paroxetine"

Tani waa ka ugu awooda badan ee saamaynta koox ka wakiil ah inhibitors xushay, reuptake serotonin xushay, caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo in lagu daaweeyo cudurrada walaaca iyo diiqadda. Maanta, daroogada, qayb firfircoon yahay paroxetine, soo jiidasho badan. Tani diyaarinta Ruush "Adepress" ka "Veropharm" Daawo "pliz" by shirkadaha Croatian ee Pliva, kaniiniga Hungarian "Reksetin" by Gidcoon Richter iyo kuwo kale oo badan. Macna ma laha inta dawo nazyvatsya "Paroxetine", dib u eegista waxaa ka mid ah in bukaanka iyo dhakhtarrada labada qaybta ugu wanaagsan.

Drug "Wellbutrin"

Better loo yaqaan "Zyban" ama "NouSmok". Walaxda firfircoon ee dhammaan saddexda daroogada waa hydrochloride BUPROPION, qayb kororka xaddiga dopamine iyo norepinephrine ee maskaxda. Daawooyinka la this firfircoon aan yarayn oo keliya calaamadaha murugada, laakiin sidoo kale kaa caawin in ay ka gudbaan saameynta dareenka of bixitaanka nicotine. daroogada Taasi waxay hagaajinaysaa niyadda iyo kordhisaa tayada shaqo. Jawaab-celinta kuwa helay takhaluso qabatinka nicotine by daawooyin sida la isticmaalayo sida "Wellbutrin", "NouSmok" iyo "Zyban", hadalka ku saabsan waxtarka badan ee daawooyinkan ee muddada joojinta.

"Cymbalta" daawo

diyaarinta ah ee murugada jiilka afaraad ee waa inhibitors ee reuptake of norepinephrine iyo serotonin, mar fulinta qabashada yar ee dopamine. walax firfircoon daroogada waa duloxetine leeyahay halkii sare, xawaare kale tallaabo niyad jabka marka la barbar dhigo. In opinion ee labada dhakhaatiirta iyo bukaanka saamayn antidepressive cad waxaa loo muujiyey by dhamaadka hore oo kale - bilowga toddobaadka labaad ee soo dhaweynta. Intaa waxaa dheer, daroogada, kanu waa midayso kala duwan ee ficil iyo wakhtigii ay arjiga oo idil. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira koox ka mid ah bukaanka, ee ra'yi ah in saameynta daawada haddii ay taasi dhacdo, waa mid aad u daciif ah. Sida hore u soo sheegnay, sifooyinka gaarka ah ee reactions lagmamaarmaanna inta badan keenayso in xaqiiqda ah in daroogada gaar ah uu dhakhtarku soo qoro, ma ku siin kara natiijada laga filayaa.

Intee in leeg?

Maanta waa arrin adag in laga hadlo qiimaha daawooyinka. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in suuqa lacagta waa heer sare deganayn, iyo murugada cusub, waayo qaybta ugu noo yimid oo ka soo saarayaasha shisheeye, qiimaha kuwaas oo la siiyey in euros. Taasi waa sababta in miiska hoose wuxuu muujinayaa qiimaha ugu yar iyo badnaan in rubles, sababta oo ah waxay si fudud aan loo celcelis ahaan karo. Qayb ka mid ah daawooyinka in galay hore u iibin xitaa at qiimaha jir ah, halka dadka cusub ee badan ka qaalisan yihiin.

Haddii aad si taxadar leh u eegto miiska, waxaad arki doontaa in ay ka maqan daawooyinka jiilka labaad, kuwaas oo MAOIs (reuptake inhibitors monoamine). Tani ma aha khalad. Waxa ugu waa in murugada waxay leeyihiin wax badan oo ka mid ah waxyeelo xun oo incompatibility daawooyin badan ayaa ficil ahaan ma isticmaalo wadamada Yurub. Maraykanka ayaa si dhif ah loo isticmaalo daawooyinka "isocarboxazid" "Ugenelzin" iyo "tranylcypromine," iyo dalkeena - daroogada "Nialamide". Dhamaan daawooyinka ku xusan waxaa laga heli karaa oo keliya iyada oo ay kormeerayaan xirfad-yaqaannada caafimaadka dhimirka.

Jadwalkan waxa uu si cad u muujinaysaa in qiimaha "classic" murugada tricyclic si weyn uga yar daawooyinka cusub waxaa SSRI iyo SIOZSiN. Sidaas darteed, in ay ka hadlaan helitaanka sare ee dawooyinka lidka diiqadda wax ku ool ah in inta badan ee dadka aan haysan si ay u. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhakhtarkaaga ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku caawiyaan in ay doortaan daroogo ku kharash yar leh guryaha la mid ah, wax-u generic.

Dhexgalka daroogooyinka kale

Murugada la falgala daroogo kale, xitaa kuwa u muuqdaan kuwo noo si nabad iyo la yaqaan. The ugu firfircoon saaraysa yihiin timoanaleptiki inhibitors tricyclic iyo monoamine oxidase, laakiin kooxaha diyaarinta SSRIs iyo SIOZSiN si dhib leh ula falgalaan daawooyin kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhakhtarku kuu qoray aad wax daawooyinka ee niyad-jabka, hubi inaad ogaato haddii aad isku dari kartaa in ay soo dhaweynta iyadoo la isticmaalayo daawooyinka kale, supplements cuntada, iyo xataa shah iyo infusions dhirta.

Khamriga iyo murugada

Sida la yaab leh sida ay u muuqataa, laakiin dad badan oo u baahan oggolaanshaha timoleptikov sababo kala duwan, weydii inta jeer ee ay suurto gal tahay in la isu geeyo habka of sharaabka "sarkhaamayo" iyo kiniiniyada ka niyad-jabka. Si aad ka jawaabto su'aashan waa mid fudud ilaa xad: haddii aad rabto in aad qaadato halista ay caafimaadka maskaxda iyo jirka, iyo laga yaabee nolosha, waxa ay isku dayi! Xaqiiqada ah in khamriga iyo anti-niyadjabka leeyihiin saamayn halis ah oo ku saabsan nidaamka dhexe ee neerfaha iyo maskaxda, iyo cadaadis this double si xun u saameyn karaa labadaba "Mission Control Center", ie, maskaxda iyo xubnaha iyo nidaamka warbixinta isaga. Haddii iyo haddii aan isu geeyo - go'aanka ah in adiga iyo kaliya in aad aqbasho.

halkii ay ka gunaanad

Muhiim ma aha in aad ka fikirto iyo "leg danto" ka badan, murugada leeyihiin wanaagsan oo wax ku ool ah. Haddii aad dareensan tahay in maalin kasta uu noqdo badan oo ay adag tahay in ay ku noolaadaan ka badan hal hore, xoog kuma filna xitaa arrimaha ugu fudud oo walise, la tasho dhakhtar takhasus u leh! Dhakhtarkaaga aqoonsan karaa xaaladdaada iyo qori daaweynta lagama maarmaanka ah, doorashada daawada ugu habboon ee aad for. Ma noqon karaa oo kaliya anti-niyadjabka. Arsenal daawada maanta waa arrin ballaaran, noocyada kala duwan ee maskaxda, jimicsi iyo acupuncture, farsamooyinka neefsashada iyo daaweynta jirka.