Duuliyayaasha Ruush caan ah. The pilot horeysay Ruush

The pilot Ruush horeysay Mikhail Yefimov Nikanorovich, ka dib markii uu soo dhameystay tababar ah ee Europe, markii hore cirka 08.03.1910 hooyo A ee gobolka Smolensk sameeyey duulimaadkeedii ka badan Odessa Hippodrome, halkaas oo uu daawaday a boqol oo kun oo qof!

Waxa uu u duulay uu diyaarad u gaar ah, kaas oo la iibsaday lacag abaalmarin ah ku badinin tartamada ugu qiimaha badan ee duuliye ee Nice. Lahaanshaha aqoonta injineernimada dhamaystiran ee luqadaha Yurub iyo diyaarinta wanaagsan jirka, uu sii Orodyahanka ciyaaraha farsamo.

Xaggee buu bartay pilot ugu horeysay ee Russian?

Isaga oo safar bilaabay in duulimaadyada ka baxsan Russia. Waxa uu helay fursad uu. Marka 1909 dhow Paris (in Mourmelon) waxaa la aasaasay dugsi loogu talagalay duuliye ka dal oo kala duwan, kooxda heysata horyaalka dalka Ruushka ee baaskiillada iyo motorcycling (waxay ahayd guulihii hore ee Michael) waxaa tegey si ay u bartaan. Wuxuu ahaa arday horyaal aqoonsan warshadaha ugu cajiib ah diyaaradaha Anri Farmana (diyaaradaha, industrialist, Aviator -. Qoraaga oo ka mid ah diiwaanka duulista hore) Wuxuu isaga baray. duulimaadka Solo First Efimov sameeyey sanadkii 25.12.1909. Later uu qarsaday xubnaha tababarka pilot tahay kaydadka ee dugsiga. Dhab ahaantii, Ruushku wuxuu noqday pilot macallin.

Kadib bandhig guul in Odessa dayrta ee isla sanadkaas, pilot ugu horeysay ee Russian sameeyey iid u All-Ruush ah ballooning ee St. Petersburg. Waxaa uu kula kulmay borofisar ka tirsan jaamacadda Moscow, ka dib - abuuraha cilmiga ee aerodynamics, Professor Zhukovskim Nikolaem Egorovichem. xirfadaha pilot la taaban karo ahaayeen qiimo leh, waayo, saynisyahano. Zhukovsky tusay wax dan taagtaagan saaxiib cusub, maxaa yeelay, cilmiga la abaabulay goobo Cirka ee Dugsiga Moscow ee Technical sare. Iyo goobo this keentay in samaynta diyaarad duulista Arkhangelsk, Stechkin, Tupolev.

Contribution Mihaila Efimova duulaya tahay Ruush

Isla mar ahaantaana ay waayo-aragnimo iyo xirfad of mid ka mid ah duuliyayaasha fiican jiideen Wasaaradda Difaaca Ruush dareenka. Wuxuu la weydiiyey inay keeni duulaya dugsiga Sevastopol ah, taas oo Tababar duuliye Ruush (ee isku midka ah waqti isku mid ah oo uu soo qabanqaabiyay dugsi kale hawada Gatchina, meel u dhow St. Petersburg).

Fikirka Creative macallinka - macallin Mihaila Efimova - tababarka diyaarad tusay ee ka shaqeeya ka soo quusto shakhsi, markooda ay uga yaacday, qorsheynta la engine xidha off, qaraxii sax. xirfadaha ayuu hab ardayda dugsiga Sevastopol hawlkarnimo leh u tababaran.

Sidoo kale, war abuurashadoodii pilot Ruush ugu horeeyay ee iska leh qalab si toos ah jidaynayey baxsad diyaaradaha engine si tijaabo ah oo aan kaalmo.

Shaqaalaha Mihaila Efimova iyo kuwii la jiray waqtigii cadaato.

In 1914 dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. tallaabo cabsi, markii danbe dhaqaalaha razrushevshee of Europe oo keentay in burburkii mar labo ka mid ah ay boqortooyadiisa, Ruushka iyo Austro-Hungarian.

Tan iyo 1915, pilot №1 Ruush xad dhaaf ka qeybqaadatay dagaalka, samaynta sahan hawada iyo qaraxii sax.

Iyadoo duuliye Jarmal diriray Faransiiska, Ingiriiska, duuliye Ruush.

Pyotr Nesterov. wan ugu horeeyay dunida ee

Duuliyayaasha Ruush si deg deg ah qaatay dugsi Faransiis ah dagaalka hawada ku salaysan xeeladaha obfuscation cadowga, farsamooyinkooda lama filaan ah.

dugsiga Ruush ah aerobatics waxa uu ku dhashay ka hor dagaalka. Kor, beerta Syretska ku 08/27/1913 dhow Kiev mid ka mid ah duuliyayaasha ugu horeysay Ruush - Petr Nikolaevich Nesterov - dhigaysa a "diyaarad ay la socdaan qalooca xidhan in diyaarad toosan", ie, ee loo yaqaan loop a dhintay ... In caddaalad, waxaan la soco in aerobatics waxay ahaayeen ma pilot impromptu buuxda iyo muuqashadii si toosa ah dhakhtar this xisaabaha khafiif aerodynamic of Professor Zhukovsky.

Oo wakhtigii hore ee dagaalka ayaa shaaca ka qaaday dhibaatada cad: diyaaradda ahaayeen dhamaystirnayn la'aan diyaarinta dagaalka hawada. Bilowga oo ka mid ah diyaaradaha dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka waxay ahayd xasilooneyn. Sida kaliya ee cadowga lagu soo rido diyaaradaha soo baxday in wan loogu geysto a.

marka hore wan 26.08.1914 sanadka adduunka ayaa ka dhigay hindisa dugsiga aerobatics Captain Petr Nikolaevich Nesterov ciidanka Ruush. Waxa ay aheyd guushii ugu horeysay ee is xagxagasho ah labada dunida ee. Laakiin waxa qiimaha? Dhimashada geesinimada ah ee mid ka mid ah duuliyayaasha ugu fiican adduunka, iyagoo laga badiyay agagaarka Zhovkva (yaalla meel u dhow Lviv) dagaalka Jarmal "Albatross" ay "Moran" samaynta in aad ka fikirto qasbay.

Dhinaca mid, dhacdo tani waxay muujinaysaa, gobolka nafsi doonniyawadayaashaada Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka waxaa ku howl-gasha, loogu talagalay in lagu qabtay sarraynta hawada. Dhinaca kale - wan loogu geysto by dabiicad ahaan aan la tixgelin karo aragti qumman ee dagaalka. Ka dib oo dhan, jilayaasha leeyihiin si ay u tagaan guriga nool. Diyaaradda ayaa ahayd baahi dhab ah in ay qaataan. Soon ah injineerada diyaaradaha Faransiis ugu horeysay yeelatay darandoorriga, oo iyagaan iska daba - iyo German.

Dhalashada Duulista military Ruush

In 1915 waxaa jiray 2 koox dad ah in ciidamada dalka Ruushka. Oo iyaga guga soo socda ay ku darto kale 16. Ilaa 1915 duuliye Ruush diriray on diyaaradaha macmalay ee France. diyaarad ugu horeysay gudaha la aasaasay 1915 in naqshadeeye Ruushka Sikorski - C-16.

Duuliyayaasha Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka waxaa hore u hubaysan alwaaxyo huriye "Nieuport 11" iyo "Nieuport 17".

Pilot-xirfadeed

15 diyaarad Jarmal hoos u toogtay sirkaal ka mid ah koox dad ah 11-kii Corps Evgraf Nikolaevich Kruten. ku tricks of aerobatics oo wuxuu bartay dugsiga duulista Gatchina, hanashada halyeeyga "loop dhintay" la mid ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani ma joojin in uu horumarin xirfadeed.

Guud ahaan, waxay doonayaan waa in ay xukumaan dagaalka tilmaamay gobolka nafsi doonniyawadayaashaada Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. xirfadiisa Military Krutnya, sarkaalka-waddani, wuxuu ahaa soo Dagdagaysa iyo dhamaaday, nasiib darro, uu geesinimada degdeg ah dhimasho.

Waxa uu qoray in ay si kaamil ah xeeladaha millatari ee diyaaradaha cadowga weerarka. First, mahad dhaqdhaqaaq yiqiin mid ka mid ah duuliyayaasha ugu horeysay military Ruush Eugraph Kruten qasbay inuu gaariga in duck hoos diyaarad cadowga ka dibna u reebtay qori mishiinka.

Duuliyayaasha Ruush Top ACES

Tusaale ahaan Evgrafa Krutenya, kuwaas oo si murugo leh u dhintay ay sabab u tahay isku dhaceen dhulka ee xaaladaha aragti saboolka ah, waxaan u garan karaa sifooyinka miyir doonniyawadayaashaada Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. Gubteen dab, addoonsada xeeladaha dagaalka, ay xaqiiqsadeen in ay sidoo kale sii kordhaya doorka Duulista aad ee dagaalka.

Ka mid ah duuliyayaasha Ruush ah ayaa la sameeyay, waxa kobciya xirfadlayaasha run. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cadaawayaashaada iyo lahaayeen in ay xisaabtamin Russia: Kazakovym Aleksandrom (20 fiilo diyaaradaha); Krutnem Evgraf (17 kulan badisay hawada); Argeevym Paul (15 guul); Sergievsky Boris (14); Seversky Alexander (13); Sook Gregory, Makienko Donat, Smirnovym Ivanom - 7; Loyko Ivanom, Vakulovsky Constantine - in 6. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ahaayeen kuwo dhawr. suunka ugu weyn ee dagaalka, sidaas si la hadasho, jiido lugta caadiga ah.

Little Halabuurka bulshada kala duwan ee duuliye Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah waxay ahaayeen noblemen, waxay ahaayeen in dugsiyada la mid ah, duulaya dugsiyada. saraakiisha oo dhan ogaa mid ka mid kale oo shakhsi ah.

Weli, midab guud ee dagaalka Samada aan weydiinaya ee Russia iyo Germany - Manfred von Richthofen (naaneesta ah "Red Baron", 80 diyaaradaha hoos u toogtay), Werner Voss (48 guul).

Waxay shiidaa jiraan wax ay goosato iyo Paul Faransiis René u Fonck dhaliyay 75 guul, ninka ay isku wadanka Georg Ginemar - 54, Carlsen Nenzhesser - 43.

geesinimo The oo ka mid ah duuliyayaasha Ruush waxaan World

Faa'iidada cajiib ah ACES, jarmalka iyo Faransiis ah, sida aynu hore u soo sheegnay, waa mid fudud: joogitaanka beehsa diyaarad qoryaha darandooriga u rafaasad. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, istaahilo ixtiraam iyo jaceylka uu u geesinimada muujiyey duuliye caan Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka.

Haddii bixiyc ee ay hoggaamiso xirfad iyo geesinimo oo ka mid ah saraakiisha Ruush ma ahaayeen Kulliyadaha liita ee Germany iyo France, ay sabab u tahay qalabka huriye, waxay inta badan ku dhinteen.

Bilowgii dagaalkii Great Patriotic. Fadilmo The Duulista Jarmal

content ugu weyn ee dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, taas oo la wada baabbi'iyey oo ku saabsan 50 milyan oo qof, waxa uu noqday kulanka ka mid ah Labadii Col malaayiin: Jarmal iyo Soviet. Aviation in dagaalo ay u dhaqmeen sida qayb muhiim ah oo hawlaha military oo adag.

ka badan ayaa awood badan oo u badan hagaagtay bay noqotay. Tegey waxaa soo bandhigay oo ku saabsan xaquuqda aadanaha ee Features Dagaalkii Adduunka:

- design biplane alwaax la hayayaasha la biraha silig dhexeeya baalasheeda,

- marsho degtey go'an;

- qol furan;

- xawaaraha - ilaa 200 km / h.

Horeba 1935 Wasaaradda Air Jarmal ah madax baabuurta dagaalka proizvdstvo cusub oo dhan-birta, "Henkel" ma aha 111, "Mesershmitt" BF 109 "Junkers" Ju 87, "Dornier" Ma 217 oo Ju 88. V.

Tusaale ahaan, qarxiyay cusub "Ju" ayaa lagu qalabeeyey laba matoorada of kasta 1200 l / s. Waxa uu horumariyo xawaare ah 440 km / h. Gaariga la in 1.9 tan oo bambooyin soo bixiyey.

analog A Soviet of technology this - Qarax DB-3 - bilaabeen in ay soo saaraan 4 sano ka dib - ka 1939. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, raxan ah Qarax weyn ee bilowga ah ee dagaalka ka koobnaa la'ahay Hai alwaax - BB (220 km / h, load bam - 200 kg).

By sannadihii 40-aad ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, dagaalka laba kursi ayaa laga badiyay ay ku tacaluqa. In ciidanka Soviet bilowga ah ee dagaalka ugu weyn wuxuu ahaa dagaal alwaax biplane-16 engine leh 710 l / s. Its xawaaraha ugu badan waa 372 km / h, laakiin design la isku daro: baalashooda biraha iyo sooctey - oo qoryo laga sameeyeyba.

Germany waa, iyada oo la tixgelinayo-aragnimo ah ee dagaalka ee Spain, in 1939, wuxuu bilaabay wax soo saarka ee dagaalka ah "Messerschmitt" BF 109 F.

Halganka loogu jiro sarraynta hawada

xaaladda hawada aad u adag in maalmood ee ugu horreeya dagaalka. June 22 arkidda 800 duqeymo nevzletevshih halaagnay diyaaradaha Soviet garoomada diyaaradaha waaweyn, iyo sidoo kale 400 oo hawada (cadowga ayaa dagaal-aragnimo.) Jarmalka ayaa dhab ahaan lagu dilay goobaha ay garoonkeeda, dhammaan farsamada duulimaadka Soviet cusub. Sidaas control in hawada mar, iyadoo sanadkii la soo 22.06.1941, qabtay by Jarmalka.

Waa wax iska cad in duruufo adag sida, doonniyawadayaasha Ruush inuu isku tijaabiyo dagaalka aan la si buuxda loo isticmaalay ayaa laga yaabaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guul u soo baxeen inay Ciidamada Cirka qiimaha culus Jarmalka. Iyadoo 22,06 on 05.07 1941, ayay badiyay 807 ka mid ah ay diyaaradaha. Oo keliya 22.06.1941 r duuliye Soviet qaadeen 6,000 weera ah.

In mustaqbalka, halganka for faa'iido hawada ku muuqata in horumar ah ee noocyada urureed ee Air Force Soofiyeeti. Waxay ahayd mid laga saaro unugyada hubka la isku daray oo ay joogaan cusub - diyaaradaha. xeryahooda ayaa bedelay isku qasan dhqaalaha: dagaalka, qarxiyay, weerar. Hawlgalada ee 1941, ayaa abuuray kooxo hawada reserve of 4-5 regiments, taas oo 1942 ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah bedelay ciidammadoodu hawada. By dhamaadka dagaalka, dhinaca Soviet ayaa hore u diriray 17 ciidammadoodu hawada.

Sayidka, fursad ayaa la gaarey waqti dheer dagaalka. Waxay ahayd markaa in duuliyayaasha Ruush caanka ah ayaa ka mid ahaa geesiyaal aqoonsan yahay ee WWII.

Guushii ugu horeysay ee waaweyn oo ka mid ah duuliyayaasha Soviet, sida uu sheegay Taliyaha Air Force, Chief Air Marshal Kutahova P. S., waxay dalka soo galeen Battle of Moscow. Oo ka mid ah qarxiyayaal badan Nazi, oo doonaya in ay jebiyaan oo caasimadda, waxa suurto gal ahayd in la sameeyo 28 oo keliya, xisaabiyenimo oo kaliya 1.4%. Oo ku taalla daafaha caasimadda ah ee duuliye WWII Ruush dilay 1600 diyaaradaha Goering.

Horeba dabayaaqadii 1942, Ciidamada Soviet ahaa diyaar u ah aargoosiga in saldanad hawada. Command heerka provisioning The sameeyay 5 dhismayaasha la diyaaradaha dhan-biraha diyaarad dagaal oo casri ah. Tan iyo xagaagii 1943, Xarakada Soviet bilaabeen inay shidaal shuruudaha duurka ku.

Innovation ee ururka ee dagaalka

In qeyb kasta oo duuliye ku salaysan waayo-aragnimo dagaal oo saaxiibtinimo ku dillaaceen galay dagaal laba qof, koox ka mid ah ACES ugu fiican. qeybinta kasta dagaalka si loo ogaado xadka of strip hore in ay soo ugaarsadaan qarax Jarmal. In si uu isugu dubarido dagaalka ka bilaabay radio nidaamsan used.

Halkan waxaa ku qoran tusaale ka mid ah mid ka mid ah dagaal sida. Against afar (link) dagaalka ee Soviet (hoggaamiye - Major Naidenov), Jarmalka diray 11 "Messerschmidt" model 109-th. Hoggaamiyayaasha dagaalamaan socday ka barta taliska ee IAD ku 240th ee. Si dhakhso ah Airporka si dheeraysa ugu link Yak-1 labaad ee cod. Sayidka, oo dagaalka ku jira in ay qaataan 8 ilaa 11 yaks "Messers". Dheeraad ah, oo dhan xirfadaha go'aan. Xiddiga Soviet - Lieutenant Motuz - ku filan la diriray 4 "Messers". Thanks to dhaqdhaqaaq ah uu u suurtogashay in ay ka baxsadaan line dabka, hoos ka mid ah oo garaacayaa baxay diyaarad cadowga labaad. Laba cararay haray.

iyaga soo weeraray, "Junkers" group celcelis ahaan ka mid ah dagaalka ka quarter ah iska badiyay in saddex meelood oo meel mashiinada ay. Sidaas darteed hawsha doonniyawadayaashaada our duqeeyaan xilli diyaarad Nazi joojiyay.

Xarakada jihada of weerar ay suurtagal tahay iyo muuqaalka kore ee ciidamada hawada cadow badan oo ka dhigay "nadiifinta hawada" si ay u gaaf horumarinta gudaha. Sida daal shidaalka iyo rasaas ay ka soo qaadeen markooda, soo saara dhicin ciidamada dagaalka intii uu socday dagaal.

aargoosiga Ruush. dagaal ayaa ka badan Kuban ah

sarraynta hawada duulista Soviet waxaa ku guuleystay in dagaal badan Peninsula Taman ah. Fashiistaha waxaa ku urursan group of 1,000 diyaaradaha.

Dhinaca Soviet waxaa jiray 900 oo baabuurta dagaalka. diyaaradaha dagaalka ee Our waxaa qalabaysan diyaarad cusub Yak-1, Yak-7b iyo LA-5. Si maalin dhacay tobanaan suulka Dagaalamo Air. Tani aviastolknovenii qabanin qoray L. I. Brezhnev ee "Little Earth", warramayay sidii markhaati, daawashada iska hor imaad ah dalka. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, eegay at samada oo isku mar loo arki karaa in dagaalo dhowr ah.

At xuddunta u ah dagaalka u sarreeyey Kuban ahaa 229 Division Air 4aad Army Air.

Duuliyayaasha Ruush ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, si joogto ah u hayso dhaawac culus, ACES Jarmal maskax jebiyey kii is tixgeliyo ugu fiican dunida.

Waayo, in dhammaan, waa in la qirtay in ACES Jarmal heroically diriray. Haddii kooxda Jarmalka ay istaahilin of guusha, geesiyaal Ruush, u muuqday in laga badiyay dareen oo dhan is-ilaalinta.

In ka maalmood ee ugu daran dagaal duuliye Soviet hurda ee weliba qolalkii hoose, anigoo samada kooxda koowaad, waxay dagaalkuu dhex galay, xataa ka dib marka la helo boogaha, quudiyey by adrenaline. dhowr jeer oo badan ayaa beddelay mishiinnada: biraha way taagnaan kari waayeen. pilot kasta dareemay in sheekada la socdaan halkan.

Waxa ay ahayd markii ugu horeysay in ka badan hawada Kuban maqlay in ka dhawaajisay weedha halyeeyga, Jarmal "Jack of" ee ACES helo khilafyada ka biloowday gaariga iyo in ay diyaarad u soo jeestay: «Achtung! Achtung! Achtung! Pokryshkin in Himmel! Achtung! Sida Pokryshkin in Himmel! ».

Ka dib guushii ay dagaalka ku badan Kuban iyo dhamaadka dagaalkii labaad ee dunida pilot military Ruush bilaabay inay xukumaan oo cirka jooga.

Buuxin: Pokryshkin Aleksandr Ivanovich

Sheekadan waxay - tijaabo ah oo u gaar ah. theorist The cajiib ah oo cajiib ah dagaalka dhaqanka Fighter.

Alexander, jacayl la xirfadda ee pilot, nolosha mar walba doonayay inaan sameeyo ma ahan oo keliya "u hesho in ay salka ku jira", laakiin sidoo kale "qabsoomayn shishadeeda waxa suurto gal ah." Waxa uu ku soo dhacaysa, waayo, si kaamil ah, laakiin ma la odhan karaa anaanimada. Saas ma aha, Pokryshkin wuxuu ahaa madaxdii, ku simaha on mabda'a "Ha sidii aan samayn!". Wuxuu ahaa workaholic a talented. oo isaga ka horreeyey, marna aan lahaa xataa duuliye Ruush weyn ma aysan gaarin heer heer buuxda sida.

Riyada Ee noqday xiddiga ah, wuxuu ka ag taagi liitaan gaar ah (koorta toogtay, dhaqdhaqaaq midig), ka dibna by tababar joogto ah boqol boqol iyo boqolaal aaminin gaari eegidda ka mid ah asxaabta.

Alexander leh maalmood ee ugu horreeya dagaalka soohdinta reer Moldova diriray oo qayb ka ah 55 Fighter Ciidankii. Waxa uu loo xilsaaray si ay u sahamiyaan qaybo ka mid ah go aamadii ee cadowga, iyo hawshan Pokryshkin xaliyay niyad jabka.

Pokryshkin had iyo jeer kala dhig-aragnimada wanaagsan iyo wax xunba. Tusaale ahaan, ka dib markii uu dagaalka, daboolaya qarax-xawaaraha hooseeyo, "hoos u keenay" (Alexander ka dibna iyada oo safka hore ku noqday), uu ogaaday harmfulness ee hoos xawaaraha iyo in la horumariyo istaraatijiyad dayactirka cusub - "mas".

Alexander ayaa sameeyay istaraatijiyad abuurnimo Ruush iyo xeeladaha of dagaalka hawada, waa baahida waqtiga gabi ahaanba ku filan. Uu qof hal abuur leh had iyo jeer u nebcaaday careerists oo uu aamino. Laakiin, nasiib wanaag, fikradda ah pilot hanad ugu dhaqsaha badan helay ay muuqashadii in ay buugagan field of diyaarad dagaal ah.

Alexander ku yeelan karto baal lumay

In June 1942 ciidankii, halkaas oo isna wuxuu u adeegay ku geesiga Yak-1, noqday ilaalada ah.

In xagaagii 1942 waxaa loo raray in Baku for rearmament. pilot daarna Direct, tayadiisa, awoodda in la sameeyo xirfado cad dhigay isagii ku soo kacay masayrin. Waqti uu Taliyaha Qaybta ayaa la daawayn, kuwaas oo dadka Arrimaha Didabadda isticmaashay waqtiga sugina u dhexeeya dagaalo si ay u degaan dhibcaha la xiddiga inappeasable.

Wuxuu ayaa lagu eedeeyay xadgudubyo qaynuunnadiisii iyo xeerarka, iyo xataa keenay maxkamadda. Pokryshkin si fiican u noqon kartaa in xeryaha ... Si ay credit, Taliyaha Qaybta, wuxuu bartay oo ku saabsan dhacdadan, oo burburiyey qorshaha leguleian si loo badbaadiyo geesi-pilot.

duulaya sare

Tan iyo March 1943 Pokryshkin duulay "Cobra." Maraykanka In guga ee 1943, ciidankii loo soo wareejiyay ee Kuban, xuddunta u ah dagaalka hawada. dagaal dagaalka Halkan Iduna Park ee si buuxda u muujiyaan xirfadahooda.

Si diyaaradaha dagaalka ah oo dhan Army Soofiyeeti inta lagu guda jiro Battle of Kuban "whatnot" markii ugu horaysay la dhisay iyadoo la raacayo istaraatijiyad ahaan Alexander Ivanovich. Aasaa "Luftwaffe" khasaare loo arag naftooda.

Name Pokryshkina weligiis warqado dahab la qoray galay taariikhda duulista Ruush on pages ee isaga ka soo hor ayaa ku qoran meesha duuliye Ruush ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, duuliyaha uu ka sarre maray xitaa ay noqoto xiddiga ka mid ah ACES. By dhamaadka dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka wuxuu ku amray Division Air dagaalka ah. Alexander ayaa in ka badan 600 weera ah, ayaa toogtay hoos 117 diyaaradaha cadowga.

Kozhedub Ivan Nikitivich

Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoob rasmi ah, natiijada Aleksandra Ivanovicha Pokryshkina dhaafay oo keliya hal qof: Kozhedub Ivan Nikitovich. Wiilka uu dhalay ridayeen a hibo, isaga qudhiisu baray akhriska iyo qorista iyo "Maxkamad aadanaha," Ivan hore arkay samada ka soo qol ee 1939. nin xaqa ah jacaylka dhacay xirfad duuliyaha, ekeysiiyey in adduunka ugu jiraan wax ka qurux badan this.

Ma aha mar uu noqday xiddiga ah. Man ayaa bartay kiiska duulimaadka ee aviauchilische Chuguyivske ah. Markii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida bilaabay, ayuu loola cararay hore, laakiin lama sii daayay, ka tagay in uu bare ah.

daraasiin Written shan wararka, pilot-macallin dayrta ee 1942 waxay ahayd in ay u adeegaan in ciidankii dagaalka 240th. Kozhedub duulay dagaalyahanada La-5. Polk, haddiiba la aasaasay oo u soo diray inuu Stalingrad dhaqso hore, iyada oo aan tababar duulimaadka sax ah, waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan jebiyey.

Bishii Febraayo 1943, guutada cusub formatted waxaa mar kale u soo diray inuu hore. Laakiin ka dib markii muddo bil iyo badh ah - 26/03/1943 magaalada - Ivan Nikitovich "hoos u toogtay." Isaga, kasbay markaas daalid iyo yimaado off ee ka qaadataan-off of cover ee diyaaradda, isla markiiba soo weeraray by lix "Messers". Inkastoo ah xeeladaha karti xiddiga mustaqbalka, ay sabab u la'aan cover oo uu "dabada" waxay ahayd diyaaradaha cadowga. Maaddaama ay dhaqdhaqaaq ka aheyn Ivan Nikitivich markaas ka badbaaday. Laakiin casharka - in ay cirka ka saari Karin wajihi doonta diyaarad cover a - bartay. Raadinta ka hor, isagoo sheegay in mustaqbalka Kozhedub hoos u toogtay diyaarad 63 cadowga.

Waxa uu had iyo jeer u duulay LA-5, kaas oo lagu badalay 6. Saaxiibada yeeri uu iyaga loola dhaqmo ma aha sida makiinadaha, laakiin sida aadanaha. Hadlay iyaga la, affectionately loo yaqaan ... wax aan la fahmi karin iyo diinta ku jiray xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya nin iyo mashiinka. Laakiin waxa la yaab ahayd in marna, marna in diyaaradaha Ivan ma ahaa failure hal xaalad degdeg wax, iyo doonniyawadayaashaada ugu kaliya ma badbaadi dhabarka gaashaaman.

gunaanad

Duuliyayaasha caanka Ruush of War Great Patriotic la siiyay abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee Midowga Soofiyeeti - horyaalka ee Hero oo ka mid ah Midowga Soofiyeeti Alexander iyo Ivan Pokryshkin Kozhedub - saddex jeer; 71 Pilot (9 iyaga ka mid ah - uu Ottawa degenaa) laba jeer helay this title sare.

Abaalmarinta oo dhan - dadka istaahilo. "Heroes" waxaa la siiyey 15 diyaaradaha cadowga duntay.

Waxaa ka mid ah geesiyaal Midowga Soofiyeeti - halyeeyga Alexei Petrovich Maresiev, kuwaas oo soo laabtay garoomada ka dib markii dhaawac halis ah lugaha iyo gooyeen. Vorozheykin Arseniy Vasilevich (46 fiilo diyaaradaha), labo jeer Hero of Midowga Soofiyeeti qaabka la gaarka ah ee dagaalka, oo ku salaysan hanti ku haboon ee aerobatics. Laba jeer Hero of the Soviet Union Gulaev Nikolay Dmitrievich, leh a cajiib ah (oo dagaalka ku jira in ka badan webiga Prut, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ka badan 4 daqiiqo oo ay hoos u garaacayaa shan diyaaradaha cadowga.) Liiska Tani waa arrin aad u dheer ...