Azovskie socodka Peter 1 kooban

Hormarey Zaman ee Peter taariikhda Ruushka tagay qaddiyado badan oo aan la xallin, iyo mid ka mid ah - waxa la bad, si dhab ah horjoogsadeen horumarinta gobolka Ruush. Moscow Russia ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa halgan qadhaadh ka badan lahaanshaha samada koonfurta. Horumarinta ee gobol kasta ku xiran tahay suurtagalnimada ee galaya saaxadda ganacsiga adduunka iyo awoodda lagu sameeyn siyaasadda awoodda shisheeye. La'aanta gelitaan toos badda u diiday Russia fursado weyn.

Sababaha Safaro Azov

The koritaanka dheeraad ah ee gobolka degdeg ugu baahan kacay noqdo qarnigii, waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay by xukunka reformer weyn Peter 1, noqoshada hawsha ugu muhiimsan ee xoojinta midnimada gudaha ee dalka, xoojinta ay awood military iyo kordhinta muhiimadda caalamiga ah. Search for siyaabo on saaxadda siyaasadda dunida keentay in go'an ee xilli koonfurta, loo yaqaan Azov ololaha ee Peter 1. Si kooban u sharax sababaha kale ee ay dhacdo.

Taariikhyahanadu waxay ku andacoodaan in qarniyo weerarrada ee tataarka Crimean ah ee dalka Ruushka muddo ku dhow shan milyan oo qof oo kala eryay oo galay addoonsiga. Baahida loo qabo in ay waajahaan ugaarsi wuxuushnimada waayo, raggii waxay ahayd sabab kale oo bilowga socod koonfurta. Qaaday in qeybtii labaad ee qarnigii XVII ee Chigirinsky tug Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich oo duulaan ku Crimean of Prince Golitsyn ma keeno natiijooyin habboon, taasoo ka dhigeysa su'aasha ah ee booska xoog leh ee dalalkan Badda Madow aan la xalin. Sidaa darteed, dhalinyarada ah Peter aan diiradda saari kara dareenka oo dhan ku saabsan arrimaha ammaanka xuduudaha iyo helitaanka fursadaha badaha koonfurta koritaanka shisheeye furmay.

dillaacay dagaalka 1670s la Turkey iyo Russia Crimea ayaa u dhaqmeen sida qayb ka mid ah dalalka ugu adag - xubno ka mid ah Isbahaysiga Christian ah. In 1690s Sokeeyaha Russia ee - Poland iyo Austria - ku soo gabagabeeyey heshiis la Turkey on xaaladaha dunida iyada oo aan loo eegin danaha Ruush - sidaas ayaa sheegay in taariikhda. Peter Yimaadeen dalbaday in ay joojiso weerarada iyo suurtagalnimada of dabaasha free raxan Ruush ee Azov iyo Black Badaha. Waxay loolan by Turkigu dhowr sano. Wadahadalada jiiday ilaa 1694. Markaasaa Butros 1 go'aansadeen in ay dhaqan shuruudaha awood hubka.

Ujeedada ugu weyn waxay ahayd qalcadda ee Azov, ku yaal ah oo afka Don iyo helitaanka dareysa in Badda Madow. Qaado waxa helitaanka Ruush furay badda, ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah in la dhiso ciidamada badda iyo abuuritaanka van ah dagaalada oo sii socda. Years Azov ololaha ee Peter 1, wuxuu ahaa lagu qaybsanyahay ah ee taariikhda dalka.

Qorshayaasha olole ugu horeysay

Iyada oo uu sii dhiirranaaday sifo oo dhallinyaro ah maximalism da'da boqor dhallinyarada horraantii 1695 uu ku dhawaaqay tug ah ee Crimean ah. Waxa uu ahaa xilli ciyaareedkii ugu horeysay ee Azov ee Peter 1. Si loo disorient iyo rag cadowga Azov ururinta lagu dhawaaqay in Moscow ay ka jeedin dareenka, oo damacsanaa inay gaardi in qeybaha hoose ee Dnieper hoostiisa P. B. ah Sheremeteva. Isla mar ahaantaana, qarsoodi sameeyay soddonkii ciidanka Azov, ka kooban oo ka mid ah saddexda qaybood sare hoos amarka Guud LeFort, Gordon, Golovin, isagoo ku hubeysan in ka badan 100 madaafiic iyo 40 arquebuses.

boqor qudhiisu waxaa ku qoran goolasha ciidamada Petrom Alekseevym. Taliska ciidamada lama urursan gacmaha isku. arrimaha muhiimka ah ayaa la macaamilooday ee golaha iyo ansixiyay Peter 1.

Ololaha ayaa si Azov

Azov ololaha ee Peter 1 bilaabay 1695. Spring toban kun hormuudkii Qaybta Gordon ee, dhugasho Tambov, socod on Azov. Oo wuxuu u kacay cidlada Cherkassy, halkaas oo uu ku biiray by Cossacks Don ah. Qalcadda ee Azov, yaal bangiga bidix ee Don ah, aan ka fogayn afkiisa ka, waa Shuushan wayn deyr ka dhinacyada oo dhan.

Dabayaaqadii June, Gordon gaadhay yoolka ugu dambeeya, oo waxay degeen meel u dhow qalcaddii. Waayo, dhulka oo ka mid ah ciidamada ugu weyn ee webiga ku xusan Azov Kaysugi uu dhisay markab Mytishevuyu. Isla mar ahaantaana ay ciidamada ugu weyn ee soo gaaray on webiyaasha Moscow, Volga iyo Oka in Tsaritsyn, ka dibna kalen in Panshin iyo raad dib weheliyaan Don u Azov, oo tan iyo bilowgii July ku kala firdhiyey, waxa uu ku yaalaa koonfurta qalcadda, taagay inay Kagalnik River. Go'doonsan park oo rasaas ku meel gaar ah lagu kaydiyaa at deked yar Mytishevoy, taas oo uu noqday nooc ka mid ah oo saldhig ka kaas oo sahay ayaa la bilaabay gano ciidamada.

hareereeyo oo ka mid ah cutubyo ka hor ciidamada Gordon ee hore July iyadoo duqeymo xoogan oo qalcadda, iyadoo ay sabab u taasoo derbiyadeeda ayaa si xun u dhaawacay. Laakiin magaalada hareereeyey ka dalka ka loogasoo cuntada iyo rasaas badda dhawray. Ciidamada Ruush ayaa dhulka, raxan xoog lahaa, loogana hortago cadowga ma, samaynta hareeraynta ayaa keenin laga yaabaa tarin. Turkigu, oo ay taageerayaan iyo awr ee tataarka Crimean ah, kuwaas oo la diriray oo ka baxsan derbiyada Shuushan, dhigay weera ah soo noqnoqda.

Habeenka of July 20, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah ciidankii reer Peter waxaan u dhaqaaqay Dhiniciisa Midig ee Don iyo weyn, dhismaha qalcad ah iyo askari oo sita madaafiic, ay awoodaan in ay sii duqeyn magaalada xagga woqooyi ka. Sida ku dhow inay isa saari doonaa, ciidamada Ruush bilaabay weerar on August 5. Azov mar Samirkoodii Dartiis. hareeraynta socday muddo dheer, waxaa la go'aamiyay inuu ku soo celiyo weerarka. Jebinta magaalada ka soo galaan burburkii yar oo qarax miino, askartii Gordon ayaa la burburiyo ciidamada Turkish. Weerarka ayaa mar kale ku guuldareysatay, Turkigu waxay ku dirqiyeen ciidamada Ruush in ay dib u gurasho guud. Azov ololaha ee Peter 1, gaar ahaan, ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday khaladaadka iyo qaladaad ah ee amarka iyo maamulka gobolka dagaalka hareereeyo.

dhac dhibaataysan oo khasaare culus, Peter siiyey go'aan ku saabsan la joojiyo oo la hareereeyo, September 28 waxay bilaabeen inay hubka ka batteriga, iyo on October 2, Ciidamada oo dhammu waxay tageen Moscow.

horumarka Sheremetyeva

tallaabo la qaadi on Sheremetyeva Dnieper dhowr mowjadda qadhaadhka guuldaradii xilli ciyaareedkii Azov ah. Wuxuu hantiyeen laba Daar wayn, dumay by Turkigu tagay Shuushan. Inkastoo failure on jihada ugu weyn ee dagaalka lagu qasbay boqor dhallinyarada inay dib u dhigto ciidanka inuu ka soohdimaha Sheremetyev, uu qayb ka ololayaal Azov ee Peter 1 ayaa badan.

Diyaarinta xilli ciyaareedka cusub

Ogaaday muhimadda ay leedahay gaaro ujeeddooyinka iyo falanqeynta sababaha fashilaad, Peter 1 bilaabay tababar koonfureed March ee soo socota. Waxa uu fahamsan yahay in uu sal u failure ee xilli ciyaareedkan ahaa la'aanta of raxan iyo dhaqanka guul colaad ayaa suuragal ah keliya in hal dhexgalka u dhexeeya ciidamada dhulka iyo raxan ciidan, awood u leh inay xannibi habab si ay badda Azov ah, oon isaga loo diiday badalkooda la taageero dibadeed. Peter weyn, boqornimadii oo ay wada buuxsameen of dhacdooyinka weyn oo amartay in la sii wado in dhismaha maraakiibta ee isbeddelid iyo Voronezh, wuxuu qabtay oo kaxeeyey dhismaha.

In isku midka ah, la aasaasay shelf cusub ee ciidanka Azov ah, qayb ahaan xoojiyeen Sheremeteva ciidamada ciidamada dhigay muwaadiniinta rayidka ah iyo wac Cossacks ah. Si aad u samayso ilaa for la'aanta ah ee shaqaalaha injineernimada ciidamada, Peter la hadleen kuwii madaxda dalalka huwanta, Poland iyo Austria.

koonfurta Dilal Labaad

Azov ololaha ee Peter 1 sii. In guga ee 1696 ciidanka hoos amarka Generalissimo A. S. Sheina, ka kooban oo ka mid ah kooxihii Guud Gordon, Golovin iyo Regemana yihiin tirada guud ee 75 kun oo qof ayaa loo diyaariyey xilli Azov Labaad. Xilliga qaboobaha ayaa dhisi raxan, kaas oo amarka LeFort. Waxay ka koobnayd 2 maraakiibta, 23 galleys iyo 4 dab-maraakiibta. Peter 1 qoondeeyey dhibic ururinta ciidanka Voronezh ah, halkaas oo in badan oo ka mid ah ciidamada la qorsheeyay in ay u diraan si ay u Azov by dalka, iyo madaafiic iyo xidhiidhada ka harsan inuu qaado by biyo. lugta ayaa ka dhigay in Moscow ee 8 March oo dhamaadka bisha, dhugasho Voronezh, ayaa ku soo bilowday loading ee maraakiibta dhamaadka madaxa ciidanka u soo baxeen inay qalcadda.

On 19 May, loo horumariyo unugyada Qaybta Gordon ayaa degay Novosergievskaya, in yar ka sarreysa Azov. Tareenka ayaa maraakiibta Ruush ugu muhiimsan in la xakameeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa raxan u Turkish ee waddooyinka taagan. Ka dib markii dhowr dagaallo qasbo Turkigu kuma ay dhicin inay ciidamada la hadal xoojin magaalada. Ay raxan baxay badda, oo aan waxba qaban si loo badbaadiyo Shuushan. Garrison ma fileynin in ay dib-u-hareereeyo. Isticmaalka aanayn karo, kor u soo socda si ay bilowgii June ciidamada Ruush xoogaystay xerada, qabsadeen habab gebi dhawray oo la bilaabay rakibidda madaafiic.

hareeraynta ah ee qalcadda leh

hareereeyo labaad ee Azova Petrom aan sameeyay wax ka badan si guul ah. Inkastoo Tartars la kala firdheen oo dhan steppe ka, xilliyo weeraray ilaallo ah, laakiin ciidankii reer Azov, ka dunida ka baxsan go'doonsan, ma difaacay aad u firfircoon. Jiheeyo oo dhufayso Generalissimo Shein. Doonniyaha Peter Great waxay ahaayeen waddooyinka, wuxuu ahaa xagga badda, iyo kaliya mararka qaarkood soo ururin xeebta si ay ula socdaan koorsada hawlgallada milateri.

horumar

duqeymo labo isbuuc ee Shuushan, taas oo bilaabay bartamihii June, ayaa keenay natiijada la doonayo - ay dhufays iyo derbi inay aanan helin dhaawac halis ah. Waxaa markaas laga helay xal aan caadi ahayn, laakiin wax ku ool ah: dhiso ka badan dalka, iyo salkeeda, isaga riixaan derbi ku dhacaya iyo, isagoo kor u god bay ka buuxiyeen, si ay u bilaabaan weerar. Waxa ay ahayd shaqo aad u weyn. Maalin kasta, waxa ay qaadataa 15 kun oo qof, oo ah laba fallaadhihii la dhisay waqti isku mid ah, muuqaalka waxaa loogu tala galay in dhigay madaafiic ah. Yaa soo galay ciidanka takhasusay Austria - injineerada, sappers iyo madaafiic Dardaarmi shaqada, adigoo isticmaalaya hababka ugu dambeeyay ee injineernimada military ee ka dambeeya waqtiga.

Azov Qaadashada Peter 1 ee 1696

Qabashadooda Azov si deg deg ah ku dhacay, badhtamihii July-, daal ka hareereeyo dheer, Cossacks ka wada Cossacks Don ka dhigay weerar lama filaan ah ku Shuushan oo, si degdeg ah qayb ka mid ah dhufays u qabtay, lagu qasbay Turkigu u Dumayn. guushan ayaa go'aansaday natiijada kama dambaysta ah ee dagaalka. Sayidka dhamaaday ololaha Azov ee Peter 1. kooban oo si xoog leh ka dhiidhiyaan counter-guuleysan dhowr, xidhiidh Ruush in ay is dhiibaan. Hareereeyey Turkigu bilaabeen in ay ka doodaan shuruudaha is dhiibin. July 19 Peter ciidanka galay Azov.

Way adag tahay in ay qiimayn dheeraad muhiimadda ay guul this for Russia iyo ugu da'da yaraa ee boqorka, kuwaas oo bilaabay inuu u taliyo Liibaan dalka oo keenay ololaha Azov ee Peter 1. Shaxda barbar dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah ee labada olole waxay muujinaysaa sida si deg deg ah Emperor ah si ay u falanqeeyaan iyo qiimeeyo khalad, sida cajiib ah ay saxo.