Archbishop - waa kaniisad muhiim ah oo San

Inta badan dadka ku nool dalkeena, waa Orthodox Masiixiyiin ah. Dad badan oo maqlay, waa maxay Amarrada Quduuska ah: Bishop, Metropolitan kiniisaddu. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad yar ogaado waxa ay dhab ahaantii ka dhigan tahay, xaggee bay ka, iyo waxa waajibaadka kuwaas oo dadka oo dhan sameeyo madaxda kiniisadda. Archbishop - Waa kuma kan? Waa maxay sharafta this?

Asalka erayga

Archbishop - amarada hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu ee. Erayga Giriigga ah ee asal ahaan ka kooban erayo dhowr ah: άρχή - «waaweyn», επί - «on», σκοπος - «caretaker". Haddii aad isugu oo macno ahaan loo tarjumay, waxay ka dhigan tahay "oo madax ka ah ilaalada." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ereyga "kiniisaddu" waxaa laga ereyga dhan επίσκοπος macnaheedu yahay "kormeere." Archbishop - waxa loogu yeero "Dawladda" heerka uu hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu, ka dib markii darajo - Metropolitan si toos ah.

Taariikhda asalka ah ee muddada

Marka gooyo Constantine habeynta maamulka Roman Empire ah, taas oo loo kala qaybiyey afar prefectures qaadeen Weyn. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah ka koobnaa ee diocesi-ka loo yaqaan, taas oo hore u koobnayd markeeda gobollada. hay'adaha madaniga ah si buuxda beego kiniisadda. Iyadoo Archbishop ah - taasi waa ditseza ugu weyn ee hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu, sida la odhan jiray Exarch (ee Laatiin - vicar). darajo Tani taagan oo ku madaxda ka dib markii awowe - madaxa hay'ada, laakiin ka badan Metropolitan ah. Laakiin aheed Eastern in muddada hore Byzantine, markii hore ee Patriarchate of Constantinople, erayga ayaa helay macnaha labaad Archbishop. Eraygii wuxuu bilaabay in loogu yeedho hoggaamiyaha kiniisadda, kuwaas oo gobolka ku dhax taalaa dhacay dilal gobolka, laakiin waxaa laga saaray amar toos ah Metropolitan iyo wareejiyay hoos jooge ku awowe. Archbishop bilaabeen inay mashquulin meel diptych waa ka hooseeyaa Metropolitan ah. In dhamaadka, oo intaasu waxay ahayd farqiga u dhexeeya darajo dhabta ah ee hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu, iyo waxa aan la xiriira awoodaha wax awood gaar ah ka badan si fudud kiniisadda.

Orthodox Church The Ruush

In Asalraacnimadu, waxaa jira tirooyin badan oo ruuxi ah oo caan ah sida Archbishop Luke, kuwaas oo sababta oo ah iimaan noqday dhibane repressions Stalin ee. Second primate oo ka mid ah Church Orthodox Ruush - Metropolitan Leonty, kuwaas oo qayb ka mid ah Patriarchate of Constantinople ahaa, inta badan sidoo kale loo yaqaan Archbishop ah. Later, si kastaba ha ahaatee, gabi ahaanba koroowga oo dhan ayaa lagu magacaabay Russia durbaba metropolitans. In Russia, Archbishop ah - horyaalka ah in ay ahayd oo kaliya sharaf, oo wuxuu ahaa gudaheedana sinaba uma ay xiran kasta oo dheeraad ah si ay xaaladda waajibaadka maamulka hoggaamiyaha kiniisaddu iyo awoodaha. Laga bilaabo qarnigii laba iyo tobnaad, erayga bilaabay in loogu yeedho taliyayaashii Novgorod. Markaas, sida ay horyaalka ku xusan hoggaamiyayaasha kiniisadda iyo waaxaha kale: krutitskoy, Kazan, Rostov iyo kuwa kale. Archbishop Luke sidoo kale heleen sharaf ee ay adeeg gaar ah si ay u Church ee waqtiyada adag.

In dunida maanta

In times casriga ah Archbishop - waa madaxa Church Autocephalous. Oo ay la socdaan aynu ka soo farcannay ah, sidaas dheer ee loo yaqaan koroowga Constantinople (Archbishop of New Rome - Constantinople), ka Archbishop of Tbilisi iyo Mtsehitsky (Joorijiyaan Church), Archbishop of PEC (Serbian Orthodox Church) iyo Bucharest (Romania Church). Sidaas oo kale, oo wuxuu u yeedhay koroowga Kaniisadaha goboleedka - Finland iyo Siinay, iyo sidoo kale Cretan ah Church semi-goboleedka. Iyadoo la tixraacayo aasaasay Russia dhaqan, darajo ee Archbishop kala duwanaan sharaf, oo waa ka hooseeya horyaalka ee Metropolitan. Sidoo kale waa kiiska, iyo Yeruusaalem, iyo in Church Joorijiyaan ah. Archbishop goboleedka iyo autocephalous Kaniisadaha The xiran kartaa horyaalka sida darajo xiga ee Metropolitan, in uu yahay sare. Church The Bulgarian ee Alexandria iyo darajo ee aan jirin.