Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya: Biography iyo sawirka

Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya (magaca dhabta ah - Nefedov) - a sculptor Ruush caan ah, ay sabab u tahay taas oo dunida oo dhan ayaa ka bartay oo ku saabsan jiritaanka ka mid ahay qabiilooyinka Mordovian ah. article wuxuu bixiyaa guudmar kooban oo uu nolosha iyo shaqada.

asalka ah ee sculptor ah

Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya ku dhashay degmada Ardatov of Mordovia (Baevo d.) October 27, 1876. waxay ahaayeen labadiisii waalid beeralayda tirsan erzya qabiilka Mordvinian (halkan ka sculptor alias). Tani waxay qabiilkii reer jaahilka aaminsan adkaystay galay qarnigii 19aad. Waxaa la og yahay in Erzya nafta u sharrifnay Binii oo webi, ilo iyo dhagaxyo caabudeen geedaha xurmada leh. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Stepan ahaa Orthodox, iyo mar horeba qarniga 3aad.

muddada tababarka

sculptor The mustaqbalka naftiisa bilaabay at da'da 14 sano. Inta lagu jiro 10-ka sano ee soo socda Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya ku hawlan farsamada gacanta oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan kuwo macbudyo dhaca rinjiyeynta. Kaliya laabtay waalid ee Alatyr, halkaas oo ay waday ka dibna, Stepan bilaabay inuu sameeyo waxa uu ugu yeerida run. ganacsatada maxalliga mahad muuqaal ah oo uu ka dhigay inay theatricals hiwaayadda on shuqullada A. ku S. Pushkina ah. Waxay go'aansadeen in ay muujiyaan sawirro Agaasimaha Dmitrievich Stepan of School Stroganov ee Moscow.

In 1901, shiidaa lahaanshaha afka Ruush Erzya u tageen inay bartaan Moscow. Ka dib markii barashada sanad ka ah Dugsiga Stroganov ah, halkaas oo uu ka qeyb galay fasalada sawir fiidkii, Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya geli karin School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta. Sanadkan gudihiisa, Erzya isku diyaarineysa in ay noqdaan rinjiile ah, laakiin ka dibna go'aansaday in waaxda farshaxan tagaan. Wuxuu ahaa fududahay inaad wax ka barato. Erzya Stepan Dmitrievich si deg deg ah baasana farsamada ee sculptor mahad hadiyadaha dabiiciga ah. Macallinkiisa ahaa S. M. Volnuhin, oo loo yaqaan qoraaga mashearulxaraam Ivanu Fedorovu, waxay horyaal u Ruush. Stepan leeyahay xiriirka saaxiibtinimo la macallinkiisa. Erzya u caawisay ka dib markii kacaanka. Markaasuu wuxuu soo kaxaystay buka Volnukhin koonfureed, isku dayaya in ay isaga badbaadin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, oo uu macalin ku dhintay gacmihiisa. wakiilka-abuurka ah Impressionism P. P. Trubetskogo ayaa sidoo kale saameyn weyn on formation of mustaqbalka sculptor ah.

Erzya Stepan Dmitrievich ma uusan dhammayn koorsada. Waxa uu u maleeyay in dugsiga ahaa ugu fiican ee aan kari waayeen. In 1906 wuxuu aaday inuu Italy. Waxa uu ahaa here oo uu ku bilaabay in ugu dambeyntii wuxuu isu bixin Erzya, iyagoo rumaysan in sidan adduunka ee dadka uu sheegay in. Waa in la ogaadaa in uu ka hor ku jawaabay in naaneesta, iyo mararka qaarkood u saxiixay magaca Nefedov-Erzya uu shaqada ardayga.

Shaqada fuliyay Italy

Waxaa dhiirigelintiisa lahaa shuqullada Michelangelo, Erzya bilaabay shaqo ee marmar ah. In Italy, uu si deg deg ah isaga addoonsada xirfadaha lagama maarmaanka ah. Sculptor dhimayo curiyay ay kaliya dhagax. Wuxuu aan diyaargarayn pre-Istimaalka ama Dakatu. Waa in la ogaadaa in sayid yar shaqeeyay, isticmaalaya farsamo ee xardho si toos ah. caadi ahaan waxay yihiin billaabeen inay adeegyada caawiyeyaasha. Currently, ma jiraan shaqooyin badan Erzya la xiriira muddo this. Waxaa ka mid farshaxan waa lagama maarmaan in la ogaado taalada Ioanna Krestitelya. shuqulkan laga sameeyey magaalada macbudka of La Spezia ah.

Guusha ugu horeysay weyn

In 1909, Stepan Dmitrievich yimid guusha ugu horeyso ee weyn. Waxay ahayd markaa in Exhibition siddeedaad International ee Halabuurka Venice Erzya ayaa lagu soo bandhigay, loogu magac daray "Habeen hore ka hor fulinta ee qofka lagu helay". Waa wax soo saarka ee Stepan Dmitrievich dhigay ka dib booqasho uu ku Moscow- ku Butyrskaya. Waa inaan sheegaa in sannadaha waxbarasho aan xiiso u madow sculptor sawir qaade. Wakhtigan, waxaan ahay kacaan, oo la xidhay, Erzya Stepan Dmitrievich toogtay.

Biography kooban oo odayga kuma saabsana yiqiin faahfaahsan oo la shuqulkiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in aynu nidhaahno dhawr eray oo ku saabsan "Habeen hore ka hor fulinta qofka la xukumay", sida ay tahay shaqo aad u muhiim ah. Stepan Dmitrievich muujinayaa fadhiyey nin bar-qaawan, kaasi oo isku dayaya warqabaan xaqiiqada ah in ugu dhakhsaha badan uu doonayo. Sawirkaan this, isku mid ah in ay u maleynayaa in qoraaga, taas oo la mid ah ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah shuqullada xiiso na odaygii.

waa waxaan idinku leeyahay, farshaxan this waxaa soo jiitay by bandhiga. Erzya isla markiiba ogaaday ma aha oo kaliya sida "Ruush Rodin." Waxa xiiso leh in wax yar ka hor bandhiga, taas oo ahayd in lagu soo bandhigo iyada oo si, waxaa ku dhacay. Stepan Dmitrievich lahaa si loo soo celiyo farshaxan ee maalmood oo kaliya 4. Currently, goobta shaqada qaadeen in la taaban karo ee lama yaqaan. Waxaa jira oo keliya u ciyaaro.

U soo guurista France

Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya farshaxan oo wakhtigaas hore si fiican dibadda loo yaqaan, in 1910 uu u dhaqaaqay France. guul weyn lahaa bandhig ee Munich, Nice iyo Milan. Museum ee Nice ayaa helay shaqo, wax bayna iibsan, iyo kuwa aruuriya ee gaarka loo leeyahay. In Paris ee 1913 uu qabtay uu bandhig Solo horeysay Erzya Stepan Dmitrievich. Uu Biography waqtigan by abuurka ah ee taxane ah oo Wehbe sculptural sameeyey si aad u dalbato calaamadeeyay. Tani waxay siisay odaygii laabto weyn. Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya, kuwaas oo shaqada waa in baahida weyn, xafiday model caag dhakhso leh. Sidaas daraaddeed ayuu si dhakhso ah amarada toogasho ah - waxay ahayd filan hal ama labo kalfadhi.

Wehbe Haweenka

Stepan Dmitrievich ee 1912 abuuray sawirka uu naag la jecel yahay, Maarta. image Tani sculptural (rabitaan quruxsan ee madaxa, badhkiis dhoola dahsoon), iyo sidoo kale hababka gaarka ah ee Qaabaynta (wejiga contrastly smoothed, timaha texturally weyn baaraandegi) ee shaqada mustaqbalka ee artist lagu celin doonaa in tiro ka mid ah sawirrada haweenka. In "naag Norwegian", ka abuuray 1914, sculptor leh xirfad weyn maray xaalad adag ee maskaxda ee halyeeyad ah, ma aha mid aad u fiican oo aan dumarka si dhallinyarada. Waxay dareensan in haddii farxad, ama murugo ah.

Ku noqo Russia

Erzya ee 1914 ayuu si Russia soo laabtay. Deriskiisa ahaa Konenkov ST, taas oo si weyn u saameeyay shaqo dheeraad ah ee odayga. Stepan Dmitrievich abaabuleen intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Adduunka, ayuu iyada oo ay kormeerayaan Dr. H. O. Suteeva ahaa. Erzya adeegay sidii a habsami leh caafimaadka. Dhakhtarku wuxuu, kuwaas oo ka yar amarka Stepan Dmitrievich ahaa, ku qoray sheekooyin, uu ka buuxaan adventures aan caadi ahayn ee uu noloshiisa dibadda. sheekooyin Kuwan waxaa ka dib lagu daabacay.

Back guriga, sculptor abuuray shaqada, ma aha oo kaliya in marmar ah. Erzya iyo sida loo isticmaalo qalab farshaxan in ay yihiin caadi ahayn easel (la taaban karo, cement). Intaa waxaa dheer, artist ka codsatay la taaban karo la chips biraha. Erzya ugu horeysay soo shaqeeyay geedka. Tani waxaa la dhameeya uu la saaxiibin Konenkov, kuwaas oo ahaa sayid caanka ah ee la abuurayo farshaxan alwaax. Doorashada qalab sidoo kale saameyn ku-aragnimada carruurta, kaas oo helay Stepan Dmitrievich, maxfalka shuqullada fanaaniinta dad Mordvin, fulinta farshaxan oo qoryo.

Safarka A si Urals ah

Marmar ah ayaa had iyo jeer ku hadhay wax jecel Erzya. Stepan Dmitrievich xitaa u tageen inay Mountains Ural ah in search of dhagaxyada marmar dhif ah. safarka Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa in muddada u dhaxaysa 1918 in 1921. Wakhtigan, sculptor ku lahaa adkaysan oo dhan dhibaatooyin waqti daran post-kacaan iyo dagaalka sokeeye ee la raadiyo.

"Xaawo"

"Xaawa" - shaqo Erzya-yaqaano, ka dhigay in 1919. progenitor kitaabiga ahi marmar ku xardhay. Waxay u muuqataa inoo in ay qaab moloduhi pyshnoteloy tuulo, niyadsamaan iyo beera ubaxa waqti isku mid ah. Tani farshaxan ka wadaagaan shuqullada ee sayid of Art lacagta badan. Engegay style this loola jeedaa mudada of formation Erzya sida sculptor.

The sano guudahaan

Stepan Dmitrievich ee sano ee ugu horreeya ka dib markii dagaalka ku noolaa Yekaterinburg iyo Moscow, Batumi, Novorossiysk, Baku. Master baray, wuxuu ka qayb galay xaflado ay maamulka cusub ee abaabulan. Erzya ee 1922 oofiyo Wehbe of jiid Tsereteli, Shota Rustaveli, Ilia Chavchavadze. Waxa uu sidoo kale abuuray shuqullada soo socda: "Leda iyo Swan ah," "Hooyo", "Dayuurada". All of curiyay waxyaalahan waxaa sameeyey qori. Farshaxankii abuuray iyo shaqo madaxtooyada si aad u dalbato. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid ma ay badbaaday. Ka mid ah kuwan, waa in la ogaadaa taallo in ay Karl Marx iyo Freedom in Yekaterinburg. Labada iyaga ka mid ah waxaa la sameeyey ee cement iyo codsan in 1920. Waxaa ka mid ah shuqulladii badbaaday waqti this waxaa lagu soo bandhigay saraaxad daciif ah, sida Golaha Ururada ee Baku. Mid ka mid ah ayaa dareensan in Erzya ah kuma hantaan darro foomamkan. Sida sameeyey madaxa iyo isku dhaceen of Lenin by sculptor Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya.

muddo Argentine ee hal-abuurka

Faneed ee 1925 ayaa noqday xubin ka mid ah Society of sculptors Ruush. sanadka soo socda uu u tageen inay France oo uu show, ka dibna aan go'aansaday inuu ku laabto dhulkooda hooyo. Erzya degay Argentina, sida dalalka Yurub uusan rabin in uu qaato "sculptor cas." Sayidka bilaabay a marxalad cusub badiyey nolosha artist ah sida Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya.

muddo Argentine si xoog leh u saameeyay asalnimada hal abuur leh ee sayidkii. Stepan Dmitrievich u guuray dalka this, degay guri yar oo ku taalla daafaha magaalada Buenos Aires. Wuxuu si joogto ah erzya muujiyay in bandhigyo degaanka shuqullada, oo uu daabacay qarashkiisa u gaar ah buug macluumaad ku saabsan iyaga. Muddadan, wax kaliya ee Erzya ahaa qoryo Algarrobo iyo quebracho, kaas oo ku koraa si gaar ah ee kaymaha South American. Qoraalkan waa mid aad u adag, sidaasi darteed waxa uu dalbaday in Stepan Dmitrievich adag, shaqo adag. Farshaxankii isticmaalo qanjira ah, qanjira, xididada geedaha, isku Xidhka xabbadood doonayo ee xabagta. In 1932 wuxuu sameeyaa madax-maaskaro "Muuse" (sawirka) Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya. muddo Argentine - sidoo kale waa abuurista Wehbe sculptural aabbihiis iyo hooyadiis, "Lva Tolstogo" (1930). In 1944, artist ka sameeyaa shaqada "Man." Erzya sidoo kale abuuray set oo ah Wehbe ee quruxda dhallinyarada.

Hoyashada, sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

In 1950, Erzya (Nefedov) Stepan Dmitrievich in USSR ku soo laabtay. Si wada jir ah isaga la markabka gaaray ku dhowaad dhammaan farshaxan (in ka badan 300 oo shuqullada) uu. Sidoo kale, artist ayaa keenay xabbadood oo qoryo Algarrobo iyo quebracho shuqulladiisa mustaqbalka. Abaabulan ee Moscow ee 1954 ayaa bandhig Erzya Solo ahayd guul weyn.

sculptor ku dhintay on November 27, 1959 in Saransk hadhay oo odayga weyn, waxa uu ahaa dhab ahaan Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya. Photos soo bandhigay kor qabrigiisa.