Navigator Ingiriisi iyo discoverer Dzheyms Kuk. Biography, taariikhda safarka

Dzheyms Kuk waa mid ka mid ah sahamiyayaal ugu weyn ee qarnigii XVIII ah. Ninka oo ku hogaamiyay duulaan saddex dunida oo dhan, laga helay in badan oo dalalka oo cusub iyo jasiiradaha, badmaaxa khibrad leh, sahamisa oo cartographer - Laakiinse bal yaa Dzheyms Kuk. Si kooban oo ku saabsan safaradiisa, arki this article.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

sahamisa The mustaqbalka uu ku dhashay October 27, 1728 tuulada of Marton (England). Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa beeralay barwaaqo ah. Waqti ka, qoyska u guuray tuulada Great Ayton, halkaas oo Dzheyms Kuk ku bartay dugsiga hoose. Maxaa yeelay, qoyska waxay ahayd mid liidata, waalidiinta James lagu qasbay inay isaga u dirtid dukaan arday ah kuwaas oo ku noolaa magaalada yar badda Steytese.

Oo intii yarkii 18-sano jir ah, Dzheyms Kuk, kuwaas oo Biography sheegayaa isaga ku saabsan sida qofka kar ah iyo is dhiirigeliya, uu shaqada ka tagay ee dukaan oo la soo kiraystay sida wiil qol on dhuxusha markab ah. Sayidka uu mustaqbalkiisa sida badmaaxa ah bilaabay. Markabkan oo wixii uu u baxay inuu badda, waayo, dhowrkii sano ee ugu horreeya, inta badan usoo dhexeeya London iyo Ingiriisi ah magaalada Newcastle. Waxa uu sidoo kale waqti in ay booqdaan Ireland, Norway iyo badda bari, iyo ku dhowaad dhammaan waqtiga uu free u hibeeyeen ilaa ay is-waxbarasho, xiiseyneyso cilmiga sida xisaabta, navigation, xiddigaha iyo juqraafiga. Dzheyms Kuk, kuwaas oo bixiyeen jago sare on mid ka mid ah maraakiibta shirkadda ganacsiga ee, u doortay inuu askareeyaan Seaman caadiga ah ee Fleet Bada ee UK. Later uu ka qayb qaatay dagaalkii toddobadii sannadood ay, iyo ka dib markii ay joojinta cadeeyay inuu yahay cartographer khibrad iyo topographer.

safar ugu horeysay ee adduunka oo dhan

In 1766 Ingiriiska ayaa go'aansaday in ay u diraan si Badweynta Pacific duulaan sayniska, kuwaas oo ujeedada ahayd daawashada kala duwan ee jidhadhka samada, iyo sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah xisaabinta. Intaa waxaa dheer, waa in uu fiiriyo xeebta New Zealand, Tasman furo Head sida ugu horreysa ee 1642dii, waxaa loo magacaabay ee dhoofku Dzheyms Kuk. Uu Biography, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa ku jira in ka badan hal safar, taas oo uu ku door ugu horeeysa.

Dzheyms Kuk ka dhoofnay Taribo in August 1768 markab duulaan gudbay Atlantic ah, wuxuu dulmaray South America oo ka soo baxay galay Badweynta Pacific. shaqo ah sumalka uguma waxaa lagu sameeyey si jasiiradda of Tahiti, June 3, 1769, ka dib markii taas Cook dhinaca koonfur-galbeed ayaa soo diray maraakiibta, iyo afar bilood ka dib ay gaareen xeebaha New Zealand oo uu si fiican u baaray ka hor safarka sii. Next, wuxuu u dhoofay dhinaca Australia iyo ogaan Torres Strait ah, oo wakhtigaas lama yaqaan in ay Yurub, waxa ay u dulmaray xagga woqooyi, iyo October 11, 1970 u dhoofay Batavia. In Indonesia, duulaan ku soo gaaray dillaaca cudurka duumada iyo dabadhiig qaba, kuwaas oo ka mid ah saddex-meelood meel ka mid ah kooxda ku dhintay. From waxaa jira, Cook galbeed madax guud ahaan Badweynta Hindiya, soo koobay Africa iyo July 12, 1771 dib ugu soo laabtay dalkiisa.

safarka labaad oo adduunka ah

In xilliga dayrta ee isla sanadkaas Ingiriiska ayaa mar kale ku dhiiratay dabaasha si joogto ah. Markan ujeedadiisa waa inaad wax ka barato qaybo dheeraad ah oo sahamin ah Hemisphere Koonfurta iyo raadinta eedeeyay koonfurta qaaradda. Hawsha waxaa la aaminay in James Cook.

Laba markab oo ka mid ah duulaan ku dhoofnay baxay Taribo, 13 July 1772 iyo 30 October degay Kapshtadte (hadda Cape Town), oo ku yaalla koonfurta Africa. Ka dib waxaa joogi wax yar ka yar hal bil, Cook sii jihada a koofureed u dhoofo. Bartamihii bishii December, safra dareerayay baraf adag, xidhmey Jidka maraakiibta, laakiin Cook Eebase ma aha in la siiyo ilaa. Antarctic Circle, ayuu gudbay January 17, 1773, laakiin waxaa ugu dhaqsaha badan lagu qasbay in ay soo noqdaan maraakiibta woqooyi. Dhowrkii bilood ee soo socota, waxa uu booqday dhawr jasiiradood ee Oceania iyo Pacific, ka dibna ka dhigay isku day kale si ay ugu gudbo xagga koonfureed. January 30, 1774 duulaan ku suurtagashay in ay gaaraan meesha ugu koonfureed ee uu safar. Cook ka dibna mar kale woqooyi madax, ayaa booqday dhowr jasiiradood. Dzheyms Kuk, kuwaas oo Biography waxaa ka buuxa daahfurtay oo uu yimid wakhtigii this ee guud ahaan jasiiradda cusub. Kadib markii uu dhamaystay waxbarashada ee gobolka, wuxuu u dhoofay bari oo waxaannu ku degnay ee December in Tierra del Fuego. duulaan si ay England ku soo laabtay July 13, 1775

Marka la dhameeyo of this safar, taas oo ka dhigtay Cook aad u caan ah oo dhan Europe, ayuu heshay cusub, iyo sidoo kale noqday xubin ka mid ah bulshada ku Royal dhuleed, kaas oo sidoo kale isaga gudoon siiyo bilad dahab ah.

safarka saddexaad oo dunida dacaladeeda ah

Ujeedada safarka xiga bilaabay raadinta wadada waqooyi-galbeed ka Atlantic si Badweynta Pacific. James Cook socodkeed bilaabay in Taribo, ka July 12, 1776 hoos jihada ee uu duulaan bidix ee labo markab. Sahamiyayaal gaaray Kapshtadt, oo halkaas u koonfur-bari iyo dhamaadka 1777 ka soo booqday Tasmania, New Zealand iyo meelo kale. Bartamihii December ee sanadka soo socda, duulaan ku booqday Islands Hawaiian, ka dibna wuxuu sii waday inuu raaco xagga woqooyi, halkaas oo Cook maraakiibta ay weheliyaan soohdimaha Kanada iyo Alaska diray, tallaabay Circle Arctic , iyo ugu dhakhsaha badan, ugu dambeyntii ku xayiran in baraf adag, ayaa lagu qasbay inuu dib u koonfureed jeedin.

Bishii Janaayo 1779 Cook degay Islands Hawaiian ah , oo halkaasay iska sii joogeen intii muddo ah. February 14 dhexeeya badmaax iyo barbariyiintiina ee jasiiradda Hawaii waxaa jiray khilaaf ah oo dhowr ragga baxriyiinta ah, oo ay ku jiraan Captain Dzheyms Kuk lagu dilay.

gunaanad

Legacy Cook - qorada uu, ay ku jirto wax badan oo data kaladuwan iyo juqraafi, si joogta daabacay oo ku qoran luqado badan. diiwaanka Kuwani ayaa maanta waxaa ka mid ah xiiso gaar ah in ay cilmi. Dzheyms Kuk, kuwaas oo Biography keentaa aad la Muuqaallo midabo, waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah Horseedka ugu caansan oo ay la socdaan Halyeeygii sida Hristofor Kolumb iyo Amerigo Vespucci.