Likaha "faraha Ibliiska": description, halkaas oo uu korayo oo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka

Waxaa dhacaya in dabiiciga ah ee dukaamada ay si lama filaan ah u furay, oo iftiinka maalinta jiraan cajiib ah, xitaa dhirta ay kooxo badan, taas oo dad yar ogaadaan. ma Waayo, qaar iyaga ka mid ah waxay u baahan yihiin inay fuulaan buuraha ugu sareeya ama dagta gelin badda moolkeeda. Xitaa on likaha iyaga u gaar ah dahsoon oo aan caadi ahayn. Dadka intooda badan xusidda iyaga ka mid ah waa boron, oo fooridaa jirid qaro ama boletus agaric ka mid ah caleenta. Laakiinse boqortooyada likaha baaxad weyn oo kala duwan: ka cqaadir in marar badan oo.

Laakiin iyaga ka mid ah sidoo kale waa mid aan caadi aheyn. kaymaha Ruush dareenkan waa arrin aan dhib lahayn. Waxaan kula kulmi kartaa likaha caadiga ah, la cuni karo iyo inedible. Laakiin haddii ay dhacdo in aad noqon kaynta kulaylaha ah, waxaa laga heli karaa sida in sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa likaha ah, laakiin waa mid ka kaliya jecel yahay - in ay ka cararaan.

Waa maxay waxa ay ku saabsan? Ku dhawaad footage of "Ajaanibta"

Waxaan indhahayga ma rumaysnidin, waayo, wax kasta oo dhaca ay u muuqataa in uu hirgaliyo ee sheekooyin sayniska. Halkan been oo keliya dhulka ku tuber ah, wax yar sida baradho ah, oo daqiiqad ka dib cawska Mire Waqaf oo gacmahaaga fareeshka ah cas in la sii daayay ka. Iyo waqtiga oo dhan waxa ay u muuqataa in addimada jecel yahay hadda idinku qabtay. lanooga The, saraaxad, creepy.

Laakiin ma jirto baahi loo qabo in welwelin. Sababtoo ah waa uun daran run ahaantii waa fungus a jidhadhka dhulka. Waxaa sidaas u dhashay tsvetohvostnik Archer (Clathrus archeri) ee panulirus Reshetochnik phallaceae qoyska - ". Faraha Ibliiska" likaha Yaa u maleynayaa in muuqaalka waxaa ka mid ah sidaa darteed ma aha in ay magaceeda ilaa.

Oo weliba waa fungus ah!

In clathrus archeri Magacyo badan, laakiin ugu caansan iyaga ka mid ah "faraha Ibliisku ee." Kuwanu waa gacmahaaga ah oo midabo kala cas, taas oo, sida sucker la gacmahaaga carsaanyo, waxaa jira dhinacyo madow (Halkan magac kale - "carsaanyo likaha"). Kuwani kaabsal madow - Gleba emitting urta xun hilibka qurmay.

likaha dadka da'da ah "faraha Devil ee" waa sii xun. Its midabka dhalaalaya baaba'aa, iyo gacanta kuwa laga cabsado cirro weli, haddii helay out of qabriga. Dhadhan inuu istochat, ka dhigan in urta jidhka oo qurmay. Waxay u soo jiidata cayayaanka, faafo kudka fangas fog.

Halkee sameeyey fungus this laga cabsado?

Sidee iyo halkaas oo uu degay likaha "faraha Ibliisku" laga cabsado? War xaggee bay ku koraa? Waxaa markii hore ku tilmaamay in Tasmania iyo aad ugu dhakhsaha badan muujiyeen ilaa Australia, ka dibna soo raacay by New Zealand, Africa, Bartamaha iyo koonfur bari Asia, South America, Saint Helena iyo Mauritius.

Europe aragtaa in shisheeye. Qofna ma yaqaanno wakhtiga saxda ah ee ay halkan soo galaya. Waxaa la malaysan in inta u dhaxaysa 1914 iyo 1920 waxaa la keenay France by shil meel Australia, iyo malaha New Zealand, wada jir ah ula dhogor idaad, bixisey ee baahida warshadaha dharka ee. Ama waxaa laga yaabaa kudka ay halkan askari oo Australian, xubno ka mid ah falalka ciidamada dhulka ee Faransiis ah ee dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka ahaayeen. Xitaa haddii la keenay by fursad, si fiican ayuu sidas-. Taasi waa si la yaab leh u eeg likaha Australian "faraha Ibliiska."

Oo halkan waa natiijada

Tan iyo bartamihii natiijooyinka daran 30 ayaa laga helay Europe. Waxay yihiin inta badan ee buuraha Vosges ee bariga France, ku dhawaad u dhow xuduudaha Swiss iyo Jarmal, iyaga gudbay iyo faafin dheeraad ah ee Germany (1937), Switzerland (1942), England (1945), Austria (1948), Czech Republic (1963). qaar ka mid ah 60 sano ka dib, fungus ayaa horay xeebaha bari. Tani waxay si caddaalad ah si deg deg ah dhacdo. "The faraha Ibliiska," ugu daran likaha dunida, la kulmi iyo aad u badan ka Spain ee galbeedka si Poland iyo Ukraine ee bariga, ka UK iyo Scandinavia ee waqooyiga xagga koonfureed oo dalka dalalka Balkan.

Maxsuulka hore ee Midowga Soofiyeeti ee hore, calaamadeeyay in Kazakhstan (gobolka Aktobe) ee 1953, soo socda - in Carpathians Yukreeniyaan ee 1977. Tani kulan ilaashadaan kulaylaha, in kastoo aad u dhif ah, in Russia. Waxaa macquul ah in uu halkan ciid iyo geedo keenay, laakiin qaar ka mid ah gobollada koonfurta iyo bartamaha ayaa si guul leh tiirar adag. Sidaas daraaddeed, a kiisas yar marka clathrus archeri qabtay isha of likaha, calaamadeeyay in Sverdlovsk (1978) iyo gobollada Kaluga (2000).

Likaha "faraha Ibliiska" waxaa caadaysteen in ay ka mid kaymaha isku qasan oo kaymo, kaas oo si guul ah ku qaadan xidid humus ciidda ku nool iyo qoriga qurmay ee sands oo ka mid ah cidlada iyo semi-cidla ah. Waxa uu bilaabaa inuu Bloom ka August ilaa iyo dhamaadka October. Waxaa kulmay likaha arrin naadir ah, laakiin koraan tiro badan, haddii xaaladaha cimilada ogolaan.

Likaha "faraha Ibliiska": description

archeri clathrus likaha xitaa la odhan karaa waa xeelad. Oo dadkii oo dhammu, waayo, markii hore wuxuu ka dhigaa inay noqon toadstool a anfac badan, ugu caadiga ah iyo u codeeyay. Tani waxay khusaysaa marxaladda marka ay tahay qaab ukun ka 4 ilaa 6 sentimitir oo ah dhexroor. Marka likaha firidhsan yihiin iyada oo kaynta, waxaad u malaynaysaa karaan iyaga oo dhan oo ku saabsan, xitaa noqon qaldo uun shisheeye.

Iyo in xaqiiqda, ukun uu leeyahay qaab-dhismeedka a multilayer:

• peridium - topsheet;
• xabka, in sidiisa u ekaan jelly,
• muhimka ah ee ka kooban retseptakula (waxa uu noqon doonaa madow ee midabka cas) iyo bartamaha Glebe (lakabka spore-dhalista).

Laakiinse waagaas oo ag maraaba, oo waxay bilaabayaan inay u magooli. lanooga ma aha mid laga cabsado in ka yar markii out of qolof a ukunta jabay macno qarxaan ilaa sideed Tent. Marka hore, waxay u dhisnayd ugu sareysa, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan si dhakhso ah kala eg garbaha, ama xataa gacmahaaga, sida carsaanyo ah.

Waana mid ka, ah "helicopter" tusaale u noqon lahaa ka guul badnaan doonaan. Ma qiyaasi kartaa carsaanyo ah, safarka ka mid ah qaaradda in kale, maadaama ay clathrus archeri ka badan boqol sano ee lasoo dhaafay? Ugu dambayntii fungus ka helay qaab caan ku xiddig ama ubax ku saabsan 15 sentimitir oo ah dhexroor. Inside Tent ku eg geed isbonji la iska furan duuduubku, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, waa arrin debcaan, oo leh dhibco mugdi, sida suckers carsaanyo ah. Waxay lagu daboolay-axaleedka Sporebearing Glebe, taas oo si hufan waa isha of qudhunkii loo dulqaadan karin. Laakiin waxaa soo jiidata duqsiyo badan si guul ah. Iyo cayayaanka ku faafay uu lugaha khilaafaadka bahal this agagaarka xaafadda. Dabcan, waayo firdhinta spore doortay ma ugu dhex dariiq kale oo fangaska caan ah, laakiin waa dhab ahaan wax ku ool ah.

likaha Interesting "faraha Ibliiska" ayaa lugta cad lahayn. Oo ka soo baxay ukunta ku nool maalmood oo keliya laba ama saddex, ka dibna engejisaa iyo dhinto. Laakiin muddo gaaban ku filan waxqabadka ay shaqo - wareejinta abuur in ay sii wadaan tartanka.

Likaha "faraha Ibliiska" - waa la cuni karo ama inaan la siin?

Indeed, su'aal xiiso leh. Sidaas haddii ay macquul tahay in la cuno abuuridda cajiib ah "faraha Ibliiska"? fungus waa suurto gal ah! Xitaa helay nin geesi ah ee California, kuwaas oo qaaday tijaabada yada ukunta. Dhadhamiya u soo baxay, si ay u meel dhexaad ah ku riday, oo aad u raaxo, iyo dareen ka dib markii dhadhaminaya ma aha ugu fiican, laakiin xusuus.

Haddii aad ku sugan tahay xaalad badbaado, sida oo lamadegaanka ku yaal, oo mana jiro cunto kale, ka dibna aad u cuntaan. Ha dhintaan gaajo waa! Xaaladaha kale oo dhan, ka fiirsan waxa inedible.

ku dhowaad qaraabada

Marka la aqonsado oo dhan iyo otherness in Asaxaabtii kaynta kale, waxaa jira noocyada halkii dhow oo la mid ah,

• Tsvetohvostik Jafaaniis (Pseudocolus fusiformis javanicus Anthurus syn.). Waxaa laga heli karaa in ay duurka of Primorsky Krai. Booqo Nikitsky beerta botanical (waxaa laga yaabaa in meel kale) iyo waxaad ka heli doontaa in wax kasta oo saxanka qubeyska halkaas oo mid ka mid ah dhirta kulaylaha beeray. Waxaa ka duwan qaansoleydii Tent ah, wada Cardiff oo.
• Red Reshetochnik (Clathrus Ruber). fungus Tani waa dhif.
• Veselka akne (Hallus Impudicus). In gobolka ukunta calaamadeeyay eg a badan. Waxaa ka duwan yahay ka "faraha" kaliya ubax gooyay, in Veselka waa cagaaran.

Life "faraha Devil ee" in World Wide Web

clathrus likaha archeri, ama "faraha Ibliisku ee", waa sidaa aan caadi ahayn in qof kasta oo la kulmay isaga, oo doonaya in ay qabsadaan hortiisa la yaab leh. Iyo Internetka daadadku kala duwan ee sawirrada bahal nooc ka mid ah, laakiin dhab ahaantii kaliya fungus ee dhammaan heerarka kala duwan ee ay nolosha gaaban, ka ukunta kala firdhay on kaynta cagaaran, si caddaan, "gacmaha nin dhintay" ku dhawaad cad oo dhulka yaalay, sida haddii ay u soo baxaan qabriga loo marayo ceegaagta dhulka.

muuqaalka ugu horeysay ee sawirada uu Internet-ka ay sababtay khilaaf halis ah ka mid ah dadka isticmaala Wide Web World. Fikrado, fikrado kala duwan: in uun yahay asal ahaan leeska, sida ku cad ukunta photo taas oo embriyuhu wuxu sameeyaa noole ah, ama in ay tahay Montage ugu badan ee sawir, oo aan xaqiiqada dhabta ah.

Kala duwan "ayaa wajahaya" clathrus archeri

Anagaa eegto mucjiso this dhulka waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo ururo. Qof arko sida cacti, qof - kalluun qaroof, waayo, qaar kale waxay u ekaan xiddig ama ubax, iyo qof si degdeg ah u yimaadaan inay ka fikiraan gacmahaaga carsaanyo.

magacyo kala duwan Sidaa badan iyo sida uu ku odhan jiray:

• "Faraha Ibliiska"
• "Faraha Devil ee"
• "Ferris ukun"
• "Likaha-star"
• "Carsaanyo geeska wasakhaysan"
• "Likaha-katalfiish"
• "Geeska urayaan.

Clathrus archeri (Clathrus archeri) - Asalkeeda

Clathrus macnaheedu yahay "qufulka bool" ama "cell kaydinta". erayga Archeri ka yimaado magacaaga oo ka mid ah Irish mycologist William Archer.

Notes Safar yaxaas badan oo Yurub ah

• Ukraine. archeri Clathrus liiska noocyada halis Kitaabka Cas. Sida uu noqday caado ah tan iyo 1977, warar shirka isaga oo maanta ka Transcarpathian, dhif gobolka Ivano-Frankivsk helay. Ku dhowaad dhammaan natiijooyinka duubay degaanka kaynta, on dhaadhacyadii at sare ah ee 800 mitir heerka badda.
• Germany. clathrus likaha archeri, ama "faraha Ibliisku ee", halkan arrin inta badan, tan iyo 1937 isagoo ah kii kowaad la helay. Oo weliba wuxuu ku qoran yahay kitaabka Cas.

• Czech Republic, Karlovy Kala duwaan gobolka. U dhow soohdinta magaaladiisii in aag yar ilaaliyo qarinaya noocyada dhif ah ee dhirta iyo xayawaanka. Inkasta oo heerkulka sanadlaha celcelis ahaan waa kaliya oo ku saabsan 6 ° C, waxa aan hortagi ee tropics clathrus farcankaaga archeri degto qaybo ka mid ah kuwan. waxaa qori A kharribmayo, waayo, nafaqada iyo koritaanka waa ku filan tahay.
• UK. Halkan likaha "faraha Ibliisku" (clathrus archeri) - helo dhif ah. Iyo noocyada kaliya oo waxaa lagu khaldaa - waxaa Clathrus Ruber. Laakiin waxaa jira kalsooni in cawaaqibka kululaaneysa ee caalamka in la sii ballaadhan faafiyay laga yaabaa. Waxaad hubsan kartaa in uusan waqti dheer sii dareemo. Damaanad of this waa inuu safto laga cabsado oo aad urta qadhmuun.

Waana mid ka, clathrus likaha archeri, ama "faraha Ibliisku ee", ayaa ku tilmaamay in 1860 by mycologist British Michael Dzhozef Berkli oo wuxuu isaga siiyey magaca Lysurus archeri. Later likaha cajiibka ah ayaa loo xil saaray in ay panulirus ku Clathrus kale British Malcolm Donald Dring in uu hawsha allifaadda (1980). Tani abuurka ah nooca noqday archeri clathrus yaqaan, laakiin ugu fiican dadka u yeedhay dhexdooda loo yaqaan "faraha Ibliisku ee."