Leenahay xoolaha carbohydrate. carbohydrates Reserve in unugyada xayawaanku yahay glycogen ama noqde? Sida carbohydrate reserve yeedhay unugyada xayawaanka?

Dhamaan hawl lagmamaarmaanna u ah unugyada xayawaanka lagu soo koobi karaa laba fal: "dukaanka" iyo "kharashka". Jirku wuxuu ka yar, ayaa in ka badan habka of ereygu iyo raasamaal ee walxaha organic ku badnaan doona ay cholesterol iyo kharashka. Sababta waa mid fudud: si ay u koraan iyo in "la dhiso" jidhkaaga, waxaad u baahan tahay wax badan oo wax caag ah iyo, dabcan, tamarta. ugu weyn ee unugyada wax dhismaha waa protein ah, xukuma iyo tamarta xarunta siinayo a - glycogen.

Waxaa loo arkaa a kaydka reserve carbohydrate ee muruqa beerka iyo lafaha of nuujiya ah: xayawaanka iyo bini'aadanka labadaba. Daraasadda ku saabsan hantida iyo la jirayaa, si ay shaqo this.

Waa maxay iyo halka aan u kaydsato

At heerka of xayawaanka unugyada xeryahooda organic waxaa ku dhexsameeysmo jirka iyo wxbarashada halbeegyo ay dhismaha - organelles. Borotiin yihiin dhexsameeysmo ribosomes, subaga, iyo carbohydrates - ee channels of reticulum ka siman endoplasmic. In nuujiya kaydka walxaha organic ururtay in muruqa, beerka, baruurta saableyda subcutaneous iyo qanjirka. xoolaha aan tudhi carbohydrate waa glycogen, kaas oo uu ku dhexsameeysmo ka glucose ku jira dhiigga.

Waxaa la aasaasay sida wax soo saarka cuntada dissimilation, taas oo ka mid ah, gaar ahaan, istaarijka cuntada: kibis, baradho, bariis. Waxyaabahani waa la dumiyey afka, caloosha, iyo malawadka. In ay tahay in ay suuska ugu weyn. glucose keentay nuugo galay qalintaanka dhiigga villi ee xiidmaha yar ka dibna u qaadeen dhiigga si muruqyada iyo beerka, halkaas oo uu ku dhexsameeysmo reserve carbohydrate xayawaanka iyo bini'aadanka.

Waa maxay glycogen

Inkastoo magaca oo ah walaxda waa la joogo, erayada "glycosylation", kaas oo ka Greek tarjumay "macaan" waxaa loola jeedaa, waxa ay leedahay ku dhowaad uma dhadhamin. Inta badan, magaca muujinaysaa in ay iska leh fasal of carbohydrates adag, kuwaas oo ka kooban hadhay ee glucose, dhadhan macaan runtii. Glycogen uu leeyahay qaab structureless ah budada cad. Waa hydrophilic iyo foomamka xal Kolloidol la mid ah caano. Sida carbohydrate reserve in gacanta neef xayawaan ah, polysaccharide la hydrolyzed jawi acidic in dhowr marxaladood. Wax soo saarka ee ay is dhexgalka biyaha waa dextrins, sii - maltose, iyo ugu dambeyntii, glucose. Sida ey isku polymer uu leeyahay qaab glycogen jahaysteen silsilad taagoo of tacsida kala duwan.

guryaha lagmamaarmaanna

Waxaan ku adkeeyey xaqiiqda ah in glycogen waa carbohydrate reserve unugyada xayawaanka. wakiilada Reserve noocan mari ee cytoplasm ee hepatocytes, leukocytes iyo myocyte laba habka wadajir soo horjeeda. Asal ahaan: dissimilation, taasoo keentay in la sii daayo ee u taagoo glucose iyo labaad - milmaan, taasoo micnaheedu tahay polymer oo dheeraad ah xad-dhaaf ah glucose - glycogen. Waxaa ururayaa ee jirka oo waa dukaan tamarta loo isticmaalo habka nolosha xayawaanka iyo insaanka.

Sida istaarijka xayawaanka ku dhexsameeysmo

Xusuustaa, ka kiimikada ee aragtida, waa xarunta a macromolecular - polymer leh harta monomer waa α-d glucose. Taasi waxay ku xiran yihiin silsilado glycosidic, dardargelinta ayaa loo baahan yahay, sida ay "dhaqdhaqaaqayeen" hexose li'idiisa-bond lafaha carbon. Taana waxaa lagu gaarayaa in loogu yeero reaction hexokinase ah. carbohydrate reserve Animal ka glucose-6-phosphate dhexsameeysmo jirka. walax Tani - wax soo saarka cadaanyo hexokinase. enzyme The catalyzes hab kor ku xusan waxaa ku jira unugyada Kelyaha cytoplasm, lakabka xuubka xiidmaha yar oo beerka xayawaanka iyo dadkuba.

Burburka of glycogen

Sidii aannu markii hore arkay, carbohydrates reserve unugyada xayawaanku yahay noqde - glycogen. waxbarashada lagmamaarmaanna shaaca ka qaaday in ay cholesterol ma qaadan kartaa meel aan ka qaybgalka enzyme gaar ah - phosphorylase. Waxaa ka shaqeeya dhexdhexaad ah acidic in joogitaanka taagoo phosphate imanba. Sam enzyme noqdo firfircoon sarkhaansan yihiin hoormoonka ganaca - glucagons. Its joogitaanka dhiigga ku muujinaysaa in heerka glucose in iyada hooseeyo. Sidaa darteed, u shaqeeyo xayawaanka abaabushey carbohydrates reserve - glycogen oo aan dumiyo, si aad u hesho qayb glucose ka badan bilaabo.

Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan glycogenolysis. Neurophysiologists ogaaday in hormoonnada walbahaarka - adrenaline iyo noradrenaliin soo saaray qanjidhada adrenal, sidoo kale iska xanaajin glycogenolysis.

The beerka iyo kaalinta uu ku shiid of carbohydrates

In biology, qanjirka ugu weyn ee dheefshiidka ee nuujiya loo yaqaan warshad lagmamaarmaanna. Indeed, waxaa aad u badan oo dareen diidmo ah enzymatic in loo xaqiijiyo is-dhaafsiga ee arrinta iyo tamarta, ie-shiid. Sida aynu hore u yaqaan, carbohydrates reserve ee unugyada xayawaanku yahay glycogen. Its suuska si deg deg ah u wadin inuu u damaysay ee gulukooska ee dhiigga - isha ugu muhiimsan ee tamarta oo dhan nuujiya iyo aadanuhu.

istaarijka xayawaanka badiyay magdhow in jidhkooda by helo cuntooyinka adag, baradho, hadhuudh iyo bariis. All alaabooyinka kuwaas oo ku xiran yihiin nabaad jirta marinka dheef shiidka, iyo glucose ka dhalanaya galo dhiigga, oo halkaas ka - in unugyada, gaar ahaan murqaha lafaha iyo beerka. Waxay yihiin dhexsameeysmo istaarijka xayawaanka by eulayska - glyukopirofosforilazy.

Waa maxay geeddi-dhaca murqaha lafaha

Sida beerka, in myocyte - unugyada muruqa, ururto istaarijka xayawaanka. Tan iyo mass muruqa waa weyn ka badan miisaanka of beerka, iyo content glycogen iyaga oo ku waa inta ka sareeya. Inta lagu guda jiro jimicsi istaarijka xayawaanka uu bilaabo inuu kala jabeen. Jėrto waxaa la aasaasay sabab u glycolysis, waxa uu galo dhiigga iyo waxaa lagu fuliyaa si ay unugyada beerka iyo kelyaha. In iyaga ka mid ah laba taagoo melkesyrebakterier dhexsameeysmo per bar of glucose, taas oo ka dibna loo tarjumay polysaccharide reserve ah. falcelinta qaadataa meel la isticmaalayo tamarta ee ATP. Sidaas darteed, unugyada bedelka xoolaha carbohydrate waa glycogen wxbarashada by myocytes, hepatocytes, unugyada cortical kelyaha, unugyada myocardial iyo sambabada.

Doorka enzyme ee shiid istaarijka xayawaanka

Sidii hore loo sheegay, bedelka unugyada xayawaanka carbohydrate yeedhay glycogen. Sidaas darteed laba jiho wadajir soo horjeeda in dheefshiidka: fission oo isuga, sidoo kale waa lug celintan. diinta Mutual of glucose galay glycogen iyo dib ayaa suuragal ah keliya marka ka qayb celintan oo waa nidaam enzyme adag. Waxaa ka mid ah Xoojiya glikogenogeneza sida phosphoglucomutase (badasha glucose 6-phosphate in glucose-1-phosphate) iyo glyukopirofosforilaza UDF- (irreversibility bixisaa Avv glycogen). reactions cholesterol dhacaan joogitaanka glycogen iyo laba ensaymes sequentially dhegay in glycogen branching silsilado kooxda. Nidaamka of enzyme kor ku xusan dhaqmo oo kaliya on dhaafsiga ee glycogen in unugyada xayawaanka heterotrophic, sidaas jawaabta saxda ah si tijaabo su'aal: carbohydrates reserve unugyada xayawaanka waa: 1.Krahmal 2 Glycogen? - Waa war lambarka 2.

-shiid carbohydrate iyo raadadkii

Iyada oo ku saleysan xaqiiqda sare lagaa siin, waxaannu aragnay in carbohydrate reserve in gacanta xayawaan ah waa glycogen. Xadgudubyada ay shiid waxaa sababi kara laba nooc oo sababo. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u - qalad in cuntada iyo hab-nololeedka, labaad - cilladaha lagu dhasho ee nidaamka enzyme oo jidhka ah. Calan of falgalka la xiriira in ay, ayaa mas'uul ka ah labada qaybsama istaarijka xayawaanka, iyo heerka glucose helay dhiigga. Sidaa darteed heley muuqdaan sidii reactions of -shiid caag ah, iyo tamarta. Waxaa loo yaqaan glycogen. Sida kor lagu qeexay, carbohydrate bedeli cell xayawaan waa glycogen ururayaa ugu horrayn ee beerka iyo murqaha lafaha. Sidaa awgeed, laba nooc oo syndromes: muruq iyo etiology beerka. Kooxdu waxay ugu horeysay ka mid ah V. kaydinta Glycogen nooca cudurka Bukaanku ma keento phosphorylase eulayska. Tani waxay keenaysaa in muuqaalka ee hromoproteidov kaadida - myoglobin sii daayay inta lagu guda jiro shaqada jirka culus. Tani waxa ay keentey in burburka unugyada muruqa iyo muuqaalka kore ee dalalka convulsive.

Si beerka syndrome waxaa ka mid ah cudurka Gierke ee. Waxaa badanaa ka dhacdaa ka yaraantaadii. Bukaan-socodka ee unugyada beerka ka maqan enzyme in badalaa wax soo saarka hore ee cholesterol ee glycogen in sonkorta ee dhiiga qofka bukaanka ah sidaa darteed waxaa jirta heer aad u yar oo sonkor ah (gipoglikimiya) iyo acetone kaadida muuqda, keenaya ah wanataas ee u shaqeeyo ah.

In this article aan baaritaan ku hababka shiid istaarijka xayawaanka - Glycogen dal ee unugyada mammalian iyo aadanaha.