Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg, taariikhda, sawir iyo cinwaanka. Waa maxay xiiso leh Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg)?

St. Petersburg waxaa loo tixgeliyaa sida caasimada dhaqan ee dalkeenna. Matxafka, tiyaatarada, taxadiri, macbudyo, kaniisadaha daacad ah u sheeg taariikh cad ah iyo mararka qaar naxdinta Russia. Witness ee qarniyadii la soo dhaafay waa Cathedral weyn ee Kazan ee St. Petersburg.

Christmas (Kazan) Church

At meeshii hadda waxaa jira Cathedral Kazan, Church of dhalatay ahaa ka hor 1801. Waxay waxaa la dhisay by si of Empress Anny Ioannovny. Dhalashadaadii ee dhismaha kaniisadda Virgin socday saddex sano (1733-1736 GG.). June 23, 1737 kiniisadda in joogitaanka Empress furtaa quduus ka dhigay. Dhowr maalmood ka dib macbudka ka dhigay icon Kazan oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah. relic Tani by Peter I. keenay in 1708 kaniisadda ayaa noqotay jawharad dhab ah Prospekt Nevsky ah. 58-meter multi-dabaq munaaraddii dawan runta ah waa masterpiece ah farshaxanka dhismaha. Church of dhalatay waa naqshadeeyaha ugu M. Zemtsov. Oo wakhtigii boqornimadii Elizabeth Temple helay xaaladda cathedral ah.

Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg. History of dhismaha

Laakiin ka dib markii a nus qarnigii dhismayaasha duqoobay oo mar dambe waafaqaan aasaasay by waqtiga muuqaalka kore ee qatarsanaa ee Nevsky Prospekt. Sidaa darteed waxaa la go'aamiyay in ay si buuxda u dhiska Cathedral Kazan ah. In 1799 on amarka Tsar Paul waxaan, waxaan ku dhawaaqay tartan mashruuc kaniisad cusub. Mid ka mid ah shuruudaha ahaa taliyihii waxa uu noqon waa sida Roman Cathedral ee St. Peter, dhisay by dhise ee Michelangelo Renaissance ee Buonarroti. Waxa ay ahayd caqabad ku ah in injineero ah: meel yar looga baahan yahay horey ayaa loo sameeyay si ay u qoraan dhisme taariikhi la giraarka ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, sida ay Buzadag meesha allabariga Orthodox ay daruuri tahay waa in bari lagu soo jeestay. Sidaas awgeed, Aamino dhismaha ahaa maayo si loo baxo on Nevsky Prospect ah, iyo Meshchanskaya Street (hadda Kazan).

mashaariicdooda soo bandhigay injineero badan oo caan ah sida P. Gonzaga, Voronihin A. N., Charles Cameron iyo Tom de Thomon JF First Paul aan sida mashruuca Charles Cameron dhacay, laakiin ka dib markii qeyb Tirada dhismaha Stroganov ahaa aaminay in afartan sano Voronikhin dhise Andrew Nikiforovich. In 1800, Cathedral ee Hooyada Kazan Ilaah bilaabay inuu wax dhiso koonfur oo ka mid ah Church of dhalatay ee. waagaas oo dhan macbudka sii waday in ay ka shaqeeyaan. Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg qorsheeyay in Wadda afar sano, laakiin dhismaha waxaa dib u dhigay muddo dheer kow iyo toban sannadood. Waxaa dhacay ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo ah xamaasad waddani waaweyn, sababta oo ahayd soo jeedinta of Tirada Stroganov ayaa ku shaqeeya oo kaliya sayid Ruush. wax dhismaha oo dhan sidoo kale wuxuu ahaa qoyska. Work, taas oo ay ku lug kun oo serfs ka dhacay xaalado aad u adag, farsamo durba waa gabi ahaanba ka maqnaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kow iyo toban sannadood u suurtagashay in ay dhisaan masterpiece ah farshaxanka naqshadda. At height macbudka gaadho 71 mitir, waqtiga - Rafaa dhab ah. Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg noqday taallo sharafta leh ee naqshadaha Ruush.

naqshadaha

Sida kor ku xusan, dhismaha Cathedral Kazan ku jirin hawl fudud. Tan iyo markii ay Buzadag Orthodox meesha allabariga waa in la bari u soo jeestay, albaabka hore laga furay gal Meshchanskaya Street. Nevsky Prospect waa cathedral ka baxo derbiga dhinaca. Voronikhin dhisay aag yar semi-wareeg ah, oo tilmaamaysa giraarka ee 95 columns. A bidix iyo midig waxaa ka mid ah la buuxiyo by portals taariikhi. Giraarka xirtey jirka ugu weyn ee cathedral ee, ee xarunta u ah by Balbaladii a grand calaamadeeyay. Markaasaa dadkii waxay leeyihiin aragti ah in laga galo kan ugu weyn kaniisad ku jiro. Cathedral waa in qaabka iskutallaabta a Latin, badatey sredokrestiem ee Xamar grand.

decoration

Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg, taabta ee quruxda iyo waynaanta. dareenka badan ayaa lagu bixiyey in decoration ee dibadda iyo gudaha. Kor ku farshaxan iyo Bas-reliefs sayid caan ah sida I. P. Prokofev (tiradaasi naxaas Andreya Pervozvannogo, ku Bas-gargaarka "uuga of abeesadii naxaasta ahayd") Dad badan oo, SS Pimenov (farshaxan Vladimir Equal in Rasuullada iyo Nevskogo Aleksandra ah), I. P. Martos ( tiradaasi naxaas ah Ioanna Krestitelya, ku Bas-gargaarka "dixirigoodu-biyo Muuse cidlada ku"), GM lageliyay (Bas-reliefs ah "Annunciation", "Sujuud The adhijirrada", "Sujuud of maydku", "Flight The Masar galay"). Waayo, decoration gudaha ee walxood ayaa la rinji by ah fanaaniinta ugu wanaagsan ee bilawgii qarnigii 19aad: O. A. Kiprenskim, V. L. Borovikovskim, V. K. Shebuevym GI Ugryumov, F. A. Bruni, K. P. Bryullovym. Waayo goo loo isticmaalo marmar bannaanka, shungite, yasbid, dhagax adag Finnish.

Cathedral bartamihii qarnigii 19aad-ka

Hal sano ka dib quduuskadhigidda of macbudkii waxaa ka adeegi jiray adeega salaadda lagu sharfayo ciidamada Ruush inay dagaal diraan. Mihail Illarionovich Kutuzov sidoo kale loo diro amrayo ciidamada derbiyada kuwan. Kazan Cathedral ee St. Petersburg ayaa noqday magan la soo dhaafay ee guud weyn, oo waxaa lagu aasay crypt kaniisadda. Sannad ka dib, waxaa dhacay dabaal sharaf of guusha dhamaystiran oo askari oo Ruush badan ka duulay Faransiis. Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) noqday taallo ammaanta military Ruush. Waxaa lagu hayaa koobab ah ka soo laabtay dagaalka keenay.

Masiirka ee cathedral ee muddada post-kacaan

qaddar culus oo la sugayay macbudka tan iyo 1917. Caabuda ku joogsaday. Qubayska saaro iskutallaabta, iyo in ay meel dhigay kubad sharraxnaan jirtay la Jestkii ah. Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) waxaa beddelay Museum ah oo ka mid ah History of Diinta iyo mulxidnimo. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah astaanta ah ayaa lagu wareejiyay Museum Ruush Gobolka. icon ah Hooyada Kazan Ilaah lagu wareejiyay Prince Vladimir Museum. bannaan ee gudaha waxaa loo kala qaybiyey hoolalka bandhig. Sidaas darteed ka beddelista arrimaha gudaha ayaa waxaa si xun u dhaawacay, qayb ka mid ah hantida waxaa si fudud u dhaceen. In 1941, ee Museum of the History of Diinta iyo mulxidnimo yihiin ku meel gaar ah la xiray, iyo in cathedral ku martigeliso bandhig xaq "War of 1812" iyo "Dagaalkii ka mid ah dadka Ruush soo dhaafay." Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic by duqeeyaan ku soo duulay Nazi ayaa waxaa si xun u dhaawacay St. Petersburg. Kazan Cathedral, sawirada kaas oo lagu soo bandhigay in qodobkan waa laga reebo lahayn. Kiniisadda ayaa helay a qolofka yar. Dagaalka ka dib, uu dib u soo celinta waxaa fuliyey.

maanta Cathedral

1991 waxay ahayd guul aad u weyn ee taariikhda kaniisadda - waxaa loo furay caabudo. Isla sanadkaas cathedral la soo laabtay icon ee Our Lady of Kazan. Oo Xamar mar kale wax tara oo iskutallaabta dahab ah muddo saddex sano ah. Sannadkii 1998, in ka badan cathedral Kazan ee dawan mar kale isaga si, "codkii dib u yimid." dawan ayaa lagu tuuray deked markab bari. In 2003, warshad isku wareejiyay afar-ton dawan macbudka, taas oo ahayd ugu weyn ee Cathedral Kazan ah. Iyo sanadkii 2000, cathedral noqday cathedral ah. In macbudka cibaadada waxaa inta badan ka soo qayb galay madaxda sare ee madaxda Orthodox ah. September 12 sanad kasta ka Kazan Cathedral waa israac ah in Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra. In taariikhda oo dhan macbudka ku dhex jira ayaa waxaa bedelay abbots badan. Haddaba Raktarka waxaa Rev. Pavel Grigorevich Krasnotsvetov dhashay 1932.

Cinwaanka iyo Furitaanka Hours

Kazan Cathedral waxa uu ku yaalaa at: St. Petersburg, Nevsky Prospekt, guriga 25. macbudka wuxuu furan yahay maalin kasta: maalmaha ka 8.30 subaxnimo ilaa 6.30 maalmaha fasaxa. Entrance in Cathedral waa lacag la'aan.