History of daahfurka, cilmi baarista iyo juqraafiga ee North America

In barnaamijka dugsiga dhowr saacadood si ay u sahamiyaan qaaradda of North America meel iska dhigeen. booska juquraafi, taariikh baadhitaan, cimilada, dhirta iyo ugaarta waa la bartay in si faahfaahsan. Si hadaba loogu sahlo diyaarinta ardayda, waxaan go'aansaday in uu soo qaado wax, kaas oo lagu matalayay kartaa in this article.

Si kooban oo ku saabsan weyn ee

Sidaas daraaddeed ha ka bilowno. Waa maxay North America? Tani piece of dhulka la wadaagtaa dhinaca saddex badaha. All of dhulkeeda waa in Safra waqooyiga. Waa goob juquraafi this ee North America ayaa si toos ah u saameeyay magaca qaaradda.

Badaha maydhayeen waynaha

Sida la og yahay, saamaynta hay'adaha biyaha ku hareeraysan qaaradda, waa ku filan oo waaweyn. Sidaa darteed waxaa aad u muhiim ah in la ogaado waxa badaha saameyn ku leh North America. Sidaas daraaddeed, xeebaha bari waa Atlantic. Waxa uu ku tilmaamay kala dhulweynaha ee Eurasia. On xeebta bari, waxaa jira laba talgaley waaweyn.

On waqooyiga qaarada xuduud la Ocean Arctic ah. dambe Description sidoo kale qabtay maadooyinka sida juqraafiga (Darajada 7). North America, booska juquraafi oo aynu ka fiirsan doonaan si faahfaahsan maqaal uu ku waqooyiga fog ayaa tiro badan oo ah jasiiradaha iyo talgaley. Greenland la xidhiidha waynaha. Cimilada ee jasiiradda arrin aad u daran. Waxay ku taalaa ku-waqooyi bari ee qaarada, waa sarkhaansan yihiin hadda iyo tacsida hawada ee Ocean Arctic ah. On jasiiradda waxaa jira laba kaliya cimilada goobaha, ay Arctic iyo subarctic. On qaybta galbeed ee North America, waxaa maydhay by Badweynta Pacific. Gobollada waqooyi-galbeed ee qaaradda lala wadaago Eurasia Bering Strait.

Description of goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee North America

dhulweynaha tilmaamay waxa uu ku yaalaa waqooyiga iyo Hemisphere Galbeed. qaarada daboolaa aag ka dhulbaraha u dhow halkay ku of Panama in Ocean Arctic ee Cape Murchison. Arintaan waa meesha ugu xad-dhaaf ah waqooyiga. Masaafada u badan oo qaarada fidiyey xagga koonfureed iyo ilaa xagga woqooyi, waa in ka badan 7000 km. Halkaa marka ay marayso koonfurta waa Cape Maryata.

booska juquraafi ee North America waxa lagu gartaa dherer ma aha oo kaliya ka dhulbaraha u barta waqooyiga-badan, laakiin xagga galbeed iyo bari. Masaafada Tani waa in ka badan afar kun oo kiiloomitir. dhibcood xad-dhaaf ah, iyo shaadirrada St. Charles (East) iyo Prince of Wales (West).

By dhulka ee view of jasiiradda dhulweynaha waa saddexaad ee ugu weyn ee. North America waa labaad oo kaliya in labada qaaradood - Eurasia iyo Africa.

Features cimilada

Sababo la xiriira masaafada u weyn waqooyi ilaa koonfur, on waynaha ay joogaan goobaha dhammaan cimilada. No Equatorial kaliya. cimilada qaarada Afrika ee ku waa mid sahlan xitaa in qayb ka mid ah waqooyiga, sida oo dhan xeebaha bari ee North America laga maydho by Gacanka Stream diiran. socodka hawada diiran ka Atlantic faafto oo dhan qaaradda. Sidoo kale, socodka badan oo tacsida diiran hawada sameeyay gacanka Mexico. Taasi waa sababta goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee North America uu saameyn toos ah ku cimilada degaanka.

Winter ee bartamaha iyo koonfurta ee jilicsan ee. In heerkulka waqooyiga laga yaabaa da'a si -36 ° C. Summer sidoo kale qabow, si +6 ° C. Inta badan, heerkulka sida lagu arkay in Greenland iyo jasiiradaha Seychelles Canadian. In koonfureed ee qaboobaha qaarada Afrika ee. Heerkulka lagu guda jiro xilli taasi ma dhici hoos ku 0 ° C. Xagaa kulul yihiin oo qoyan. Laga soo bilaabo bari ilaa galbeed cimilada ayaa sidoo kale si weyn u kala duwan yihiin. On xeebta bari ee kaymaha badan, galbeed inta badan waa cidlo. Inta ay roobab bari marar badan ka sii badan oo reer galbeed ah.

Biota

Juquraafi ahaan meesha ay North America iyo cimilada waxaa sii kordheysa qaabaynta flora hoose iyo dubato. Waxaa xusid mudan in bulk of qaaradda ku yaal aaga ay qoraxda leh. In xiriir this, tiro badan oo ah flora wakiil tir iyo softwood. In baa xagga woqooyi uu duud yahay kaymo kala guurka fiiqan cidlada Arctic ah. Greenland iyo Arctic Canadian ah Jasiiradaha waxaa waajib ah in glaciation.

Aqoonsiga waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa qaaradda dubato ay hodan. Halkan waxa aad ka heli kartaa nooc oo xoolaha nool oo keliya ma aha ee xaafadda, laakiin sidoo kale in Eurasia. Sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin wakiillo in si gaar ah ku nool yihiin ee North America. Nooca ugu horeeya waxay muujinaysaa in horaantii Eurasia iyo North America ka midaysan yihiin, in uu yahay, qayb ka mid ah hal qaarad ahaayeen. labaad ayaa muujiyay in kala qaaradood ee meel qaatay muddo dheer ka hor, iyo horumar ah ee soo koraya jihada free.

dhawaanshaha in South America

Dhow qaarada waqooyiga maraykanka waa South America. Qaybta maraa ku dhow halkay ku of Panama. Ilaa dhismaha maraakiibta kanaalka lahaa inay hareer ka maraan South America on wareega si aad u hesho ka Atlantic si Pacific. Iyada oo awood u hawlgalka channel, dhibaatadan loo xalliyay.

Waxaa xusid mudan in koorsada dugsiga waxbarasho ma aha oo kaliya goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee North America (fasalka 7aad), laakiin South. Marka la soo koobo, labadan qaaradood kala dhulbaraha. Dabcan, sida heshiis ee South America saamayn ku cimilada, dhirta iyo ugaarta.

Taariikhda waxbarasho ee qaaradda

Taariikhda waxbarasho ee dhulweynaha arrin xiiso leh. Waxaa loo qaybin karaa dhowr marxaladood. Rikoorka ugu horeysay taariikhda dib u qarniyo XX-XI. In 981-983 sano. Norman ururiyay duulaan ku, intii lagu jiray baadhitaanka ee Greenland lagu qabtay Labrador iyo Newfoundland. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, macluumaad this ma noqon yaqaan in World Hore.

The entries socda ee Study of North America ka dib markii afar qarniyo. In qarniyadii XV-XVIII. Sida laga soo xigtay waynaha xiiso Faransiiska, Spanish iyo English. helitaanka Mississippi Delta ka dhacay 1528 ay sabab u duulaan dalka Spain. Later, ee 40 jirka ah, gudaha bartay. Cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa ay awoodaan in ay ka gudbaan Banka ee Colorado, Babacyada Great , iyo qayb yar oo ah Mountains Rocky ah. markii qaar ka mid ah ka dib, duulaan kale sahamiyey Buuraha Appalaachian koonfurta. Waxaa furay webiga Alabama iyo Tennessee.

Heerka waxbarasho ee ku xiga ee North America waxaa loo yeedhi karaa Zaman ee qarniyo XVIII-XIX. In 30 sano ee qarnigii XVIII Ruush abaabulay sahamo badan si ay u sahamiyaan qaaradda ka Alaska. Faransiis iyo Ingiriisi ayaa sidoo kale lug ku leh daraasaddan ee aagga.

In qarniyo XIX-XX, British sii si ay u sahamiyaan qaaradda. Ay hawsha ugu weyn waxay ahayd in la helo Gudbinta Waqooyi Galbeed. Laakiin duulaan ka, kaas oo lagu baranayay xeebaha Arctic ee 1845 waxaa ka maqnaa. Waxaan raadineynaa iyada muddo toban sanadood ah. hadhaagii la helay jasiiradda of King William. guutadii kuwa, kaas oo laga gano ee search of Franklin iyo kooxdiisa kaalin weyn in ay daraasadda ee qaarada, sida North America.

Juqraafiga iyo taariikhda cilmi qaaradda weli soo jiidato culimada dunida oo dhan.