Gamma-interferon: kaalinta iyo muhiimadda ay leedahay in jidhka bini'aadamka

Si jidhka bini'aadamka ka waxyeelo of wareer ilaaliyo - fayrusyada, waxaa jira hab ah in habka difaaca jirka, bixinta xakameynta cudurada faafa. Waa unugyada wax soo saarka ah, sida T-limfosaytis walxaha gaar ah, mid ka mid ah taas oo ah gamma-interferon. La xirrira in habka difaaca jirka, xidhiidhka u dhaqmo sida difaac gacanta. Waa maxay sababta uu sidaa u muhim ah sida image ah, oo ku saabsan waxa ku salaysan daacadnimada jidhkeenna doonaan - su'aalahan laga jawaabi doonaa in this article.

Dhismaha kiimikada iyo helidda

The salaysan oo ah walaxda - glycoprotein ah - la xiriira carbohydrate peptide. Kimisteriga qoondeeyey laba nooc kala duwan amino acid ka kooban 139 oo monomer ugu horeysay ee silsilad polypeptide ah. Waxaa loo yaqaan 1a gamma-interferon iyo 2a. Celceliska miisaanka kelli amarka of 20 - 25 kDa. Waxa asaasay jawaab u mudida oo ka mid ah unugyada iyo unugyada wakiilka pathogenic wakiil qayb viral. In walax giisa helay bayotechnoolajiyadda iyo injineernimada hidde isticmaalaya nooc bakteeriya ah Escherichia coli, plasmid ah taas oo ka kooban hiddo-ee interferon aadanaha. Tani gamma-interferon yeedhay recombinant waa qayb ka mid ah diyaarinta ah: "Immuneron" "Ingaron" "Immunnomaks".

farsamo ee jawaabaha difaaca

muuqaalka kore ee jirka oo wareer ah jaahilnimadii shisheeye waxaa had iyo jeer la socdo nidaamka geedi socodka difaaca, mid ka mid ah taas oo ah caabuq. Waxay u adeegtaa sida calaamad, digayaan bilowgii labada cudurka iyo jawaabta cell jawaab u cudur ee pathogene ah. Waxaa jira is dhexgalka adag oo u dhexeeya xubno ka mid ah unugyada ee cudurka ama xubin. Waxay ku salaysan tahay walxaha la soo saaray by unugyada nudaha lymphoid: cytokines (lymphokines). Tusaale ahaan, unugyada aadanaha interferon-gamma, interleukin 2 by boorriyay isdhexgalka xuub aan cudurka bilaabi ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee unugyada, oo waxaa muhiimad digayaan borotiinada. Aynu u baaro si faahfaahsan.

guryaha lymphokines

koromosoom 6 Labada nin oo kaledii ah aadanaha oo ku yaalla ka kooban set oo ah hiddo, siday macluumaad ku saabsan guryaha antigenic of xuub plasma iyo organelles kale gacanta: xuduntii, mitochondria, iwm Lymphokines Naftooda ma ay awoodaan in ay si toos ah saamayn ugu cudur ka mid ah fayrasyada, laakiin si dhakhso ah u gudbiyo warbixin ku saabsan joogitaanka walxaha shisheeye ka mid unugyada in kale. Tusaale ahaan, receptor ka mid ah unugyada antigen-gargaare iyo T-limfosaytis AAJIB xaadiriyaan signal ah intracellular, laba protein kaakicin gaar ah. Dheeraad ah ee nudaha lymphoid waa wanaajiyey habka qaybinta mitotic - badashada, iyo difaac cell-dhex dhexaadin waxa si wayn u kordhay. Sida lymphokines kale, interferon-gamma uu hakiyo geedi socodkii qoraal ah viral nucleic acid, iyo sidoo kale uu hakiyo shirka of farsamo ee u taagoo protein pathogene. Waxaan dhihi karnaa in xeryahooda protein, loo arkaa noo by, waa ku saleysan difaaca humoral.

Sidee habka difaaca jirka

Thymus, qanjirada, qumanka, lifaaqa - formation lymphocyte meel. unugyada Protective soo saaro antibodies in la xakameeyo horumarinta jirka ah ee asal ahaan faafa. In marxaladaha hore ee horumarinta unugyada habka difaaca yeedhay arinku, ma socon kartaa cudur shisheeye, bakteeriyada iyo fayraska. Waxay u baahan yihiin si ay u hagaagaan oo noqday immunocompetent - waxay dhacdaa thymus ah. Nidaamka ee u shaqeeyo in ay soo saartaa labada unugyada difaaca gaar ah: macrophages, unugyada T, unugyada dilaaga ah, iyo sidoo kale noocyo kala duwan oo gamma-interferon ay gacanta ugu jiraan xarumaha sare cortical ee maskaxda.

Its hawlaha ayaa sidoo kale nidaam qanjidhada adrenal, qanjirka pituitary iyo hypothalamus ah. xanuunada nafsiga iyo dareenka, nafaqo xumo iyo caadooyinka xun loo yareeyo falcelinta difaaca ee jidhka, inta badan waxan aay ka dhacayaan ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo ah walaaca chronic. Tan iyo jawaabta ee u shaqeeyo waxa u sabab ah falalka oo dhan nidaamka ay, ku xadgudub kasta oo homeostasis difaaca ben la fashilaad iyo caafimaadka dadka saboolka ah.

Unugyada gamma interferon aadanaha

In dhaqanka caafimaad sida wakiilka ka hortag iyo-daweynta loo isticmaalo walxaha kooban borotiin difaaca saaray tallaalka xoolaha la interferon recombinant. taagoo unugyada aloosnayd ka serum dhiigga, la Daahiriyey oo loo isticmaalo sida daroogada ah fayruska. Waa inay awoodaan inay kor loogu qaado waxqabadka xeryahooda difaaca jidhka ee u gaarka ah, tus, gamma-globulins, iyo sidoo kale in la yareeyo astaamaha caabuqyada neef: rhinitt iyo sanka oo xirma, xiiq.

Saamaynta daweynta ee interferon

glycoprotein Protective hakiyo dhufashada ee fayrasyada iyo kobciyaa ensaymes cell, sida adenilatsintetazu tyrosinkinashämmare protein iyo xakamaynta bixinta ee ereygu wuxuu ahaa ee acids nucleic iyo borotiinada baqshadda viral. walax waxa uu leeyahay awood u leh inay saamayn ku dareen ee borotiinada xuub in lymphokines gacanta, t. E. Ma immunomodulators. Gamma-interferon carruurta iyo dadka waaweyn waxa loo isticmaalaa ka hortagga iyo daaweynta ee hargabka iyo caabuqyada neef, la-baarka fiican joogitaanka Bacillus Koch ee jidhka. Wakiilka daweynta la sii daayo qaab kiniin, cadar, dabada iyo irbado.

Isticmaalka daroogada uu dhakhtarku soo qoro, carruurta bilaabi kartaa laga bilaabo 6 bilood, siin la'aanta ah ee dareen diidmo oo xasaasiyadeed ee ilmaha iyo heley halis ah nidaamka wadnaha. Contraindication daaweynta haweenka waa uurka iyo xasaasiyadda. daawooyinka hadda si gaar ah loo isticmaalo ee Caruurta, waxaa ku jira borotiinka recombinant ilaaliya daahir sare iyo maqnaanshaha complete jajabkii polypeptide.