Aasaaska Maamulka network. Waa maxay IP-address

Dad badan oo dheeraad ah oo ku jira internetka ee isku dayaya in ay ogaato waxa ka-IP address in ay isticmaalaan aqoonta la helay ujeedooyin gaar ah ay. Qof ka website a jecel by IP mamnuucay, qof uu doonayo in isticmaalaysa shabaqa si qarsoodi ah, ama qabsato ee Intra-net gudaha. Waayo, hawlahan, waxaad u baahan tahay si ay u fahmaan mabda'a hawlgalka ee qalabka ku xiran in ka badan TCP | IP.

Indeed, isku xirka dhacdaa kiisaska intooda badan of this hab maamuuska, computer kasta oo loo aqoonsaday by cinwaan u gaar ah tiro in tilmaamaysaa qaybgale shabakadda. Si loo fahmo waxa ay tahay-IP address, aynu ogaato macnaha ereygan. Sidoo kale, kala duwan ee IP-cinwaanada waxaa loo tixgelin doonaa (fikrad siiyey) iyo raadinta site a in browser ee magaca domain ay.

Waa maxay cinwaanka tiro of computer ah

Tani waa mid gaar ah ah oo kala ID ciidanka, taas oo computer helo wixii xog ah (network) ama laga computer ka galaa xogta gaarka ah network. Doorshadan Tani waa dabaqi karo ma aha oo kaliya in kombiyuutarada, laakiin sidoo kale qalab kale oo taageera isgaarsiinta via TCP darawalka | IP.

At khayraadka web ayaa sidoo kale lagu ogaan karaa halka ay juqraafi ahaan hoos gobolka gaar ah.

Waa maxay IP-address in matalaad ah muuqaal. gudaha IP

Halkan waxaa ku qoran tusaale oo ka mid ah cinwaanada tiro gudaha on network degaanka (LAN): 198.169.1.1. Xaaladdan oo kale, 3 lambar koowaad ee jajab tobanle ee u taagan yihiin TCP | network IP (set ee kombiyuutarada network gudaha marka la isku daro). Tirada ee la soo dhaafay "personalizes" ciidankii gaar ah hoosaad this.

Si ka duwan aqoonsiyada caalamiga ah (WAN) cinwaanada gudaha ma shaqayn karaa meel Internet iyo sifaha keliya subnet deegaanka. helitaanka Internet kiiskan waa la fuliyay via router ama server wakiil ah.

In si kale loo dhigo, cinwaanka ciidan 10.12.2.254 sida 198.169.1.1 ama waa gudaha. Waxaa jira kala duwan oo qaar ka mid ah-IP cinwaanada (subnets) in marnaba qayb ka ah zone Internet uu noqon doono. Faqa sidoo kale waa run, ma subnet computer caalami ah oo aan la go'aamin karaa 192.169.1.H aqoonsi nooca, kuna waari dhexdeeda X - IP-address qalab gaar ah.

browser "raadinaya" Goobta Web by teeb magaca cinwaanka bar ah

Aan aragno waxa ka-IP address ka eego dhinaca browser ah, iyo sababta ay joogaan ay tahay lagama maarmaan in la ogaado khayraadka.

Sidaas, marka Internet Explorer ama mid kale user browser galo URL ee website-ka qaadataa meel geedi socodka soo socda.

Waxaa la go'aamiyey by IP ah, oo u dhiganta magaca khayraadka dabeecad (DNS-xalinta). Xaaladdan oo kale, browser ugu horeysay waxaa loola jeedaa doonaa in file gaar ah liiska barbardhigo. Haddii liiska khariidaynta loo baahan yahay ma joogo, software la waydiisanayo "caawimo" in ay adeeg DNS ah, waxaa ka diiwaan gashan goobaha nidaamka qalliinka.

Adeeggan oo keli ah waa cinwaanka aqoonsi sax ah, iyo gudbiya natiijada in browser ah.

Haddaba browser "og yahay" waxa-IP address ee khayraadka bartilmaameedka, iyo meesha ay u diraan weydiinta user ee. Sidaas darteed, user arko bogga internetka in uu doonayo in uu aad u hesho a.

Sidee waa arrinta cinwaanada IP

In shabakad agtaada ka kooban kombiyuutarada badan iyo qalabka dhexe, mid kasta loo qoondeeyey aqoonsi gaar ah gacanta aad u dhib badan oo aan waaqici. Waayo, habkan, waxaa jira ciidan heegan ah oo ku saabsan kuwaas oo hawshii loo qaybiyay bixinta kala duwan oo firfircoon ee IP-cinwaanada - DHCP.

Adeeggan waxaa sida caadiga ah loo qaybiyay si marka uu helo hal IP ciidankii waxaa ka soo a kala duwan oo gaar ah qaar ka mid ah cinwaanada maxaliga ah. xuduudaha ka maaskaro network, oo suurto gal ah cinwaanka router network waxaa sidoo kale la isugu gudbiyo in ciidanka, iyada oo aan taas u helaan in ay subnet deriska ama caalami ah wax aan macquul aheyn. On ciidammadu kale DHCP-macmiilka waa in lagu dhejiyaa.