Dusha sare ee Mars waa halis ka badan inta naloogu adeegsanayo

Marka xayawaanku uu tago Mars, waa in si taxaddar leh loo nadiifiyo, si aysan fursad ugu helin nolosheeda dunida. Marka laga reebo, cidna ma rabto in ay nadiifiso dusha sare ee Qorshaha Casaanka ah ee dadka deggan dhulka, iyo, laga yaabee, in la sameeyo khudbado been ah mustaqbalka.

Meel dhexdhexaad ah oo ka mid ah dusha Martian

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saynisyahannada daraasaddan cusub waxay sameeyaan fikrado xiiso leh. Jennifer Wadsworth iyo Charles Cockell oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Edinburgh ayaa sheegay in xitaa haddii ay jirto astaamaha noocaas ah, dusha sare ee Mars ee mabda'a ah uma oggolaan doono in unugyada ay ku noolaadaan. Tani waxay soo jeedineysaa in hawada wasakheynta aanay noqon karin dhibaato wayn.

Waa maxay perchlorate?

Daraasaddooda, saynisyahannadu waxay arkeen in dusha sare ee Mars, iftiinka qorraxdu ay dhaqaajin karaan dhismo loo yaqaan 'perchlorate'. In gobolka firfircoon, xaruntan ayaa halis u ah bakteeriya, waana wax aad u badan on Mars. Waxaa la rumaysan yahay in perchlorate loo isticmaalo kuleylka, iyo tan Mars ay aad u qabow tahay, waa in aan laga baqin.

"Markii hore, saynisyahannadu waxay u maleynayeen in perchlorate aan la dhaqaajin karin xaaladaha Martiqaadka," Wadsworth ayaa u sheegay IFLScience. "Haddii aan dooneyno in aan nolol ku helno Mars, waa in aan xisaabta ku darsannaa."

Daraasada shaybaadhka

Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay soo bandhigeen go'aankooda, oo ujeedadoodu ahayd qaabka Martiali ee shaybaadhka. Isticmaalidda qolka anaerobic oo aan lahayn oksijiin, waxay dib u soo nooleeyeen qorraxda iftiinka qoraxda dusha sare ee Mars. Kadibna, saynisyahannadu waxay xakameeyeen saamaynta perchlorates ee gobolkani ku saabsan sumcada guud ee laga helay Bacillus subtilis.

Xaaladaha la midka ah Martian, unugyadu waxay ku dhinteen dhowr daqiiqo gudahood marka loo eego xaaladda firfircoonida ee perchlorates. Tani waxay muujinaysaa in dusha sare ee Mars ay tahay mid aad u daran sunta nolosha intii uu hore u yaqaanay saynisyahannada.

"Weli wax badan kama ogaanno xaaladaha halista ah ee deegaanka deegaanka," ayuu yiri Wadsworth. - Malaha dhibaatada ugu weyn ee nolosha ayaa noqon karta qulqulka sare ee shucaaca, taas oo soo dhex gasho jawi khafiif ah waxayna gaari kartaa dusha sare ee Planet Red. Intaa waxaa dheer, daraasaddeena waxay muujineysaa in qaar ka mid ah maaddooyinka dusha sare ee dusha sare ay noqon karaan kuwo sun ah. "

Gawaarida Gawaarida Goobta

Dib ugu noqoshada bilawga wadahadalka, ma taa macnaheedu ma'aha inaan loo baahnayn in laga walwalo baabuurka meel-marinta ee Mars u socda? Hadda saynisyahanada xitaa ma helayaan fursad ay ku sahamiyaan qaybo ka mid ah meeraha, oo loo yaqaanno gobollo gaar ah, sababtoo ah ma haystaan awood farsamo oo ay ku dhejin karaan shahaadada si aad u sareeya si looga fogaado khatarta caabuqa.

Wax walba ma aha wax fudud. Cilmi-baarayaasha daraasaddan sameeyay, xusuusnow in qaababka nololeed ee loo yaqaan 'extremophiles', ay awoodaan inay ku noolaadaan xaalado daran. Bakteeriyada la baaray inta lagu guda jiray baaritaanka ma ahayn kuwo xagjirnimo. Sidaa awgeed, saynisyahadu weli wali ma ogaan karaan in xagjirnimada ay ku noolaan karaan dusha Mars.

"Aad ayay muhiim u tahay in la sii wado in la qaado dhammaan taxaddarrada si aan loo diidin Mars," ayay tiri saynisyahannadu. "Waa in aan qaadnaa tallaabooyin taxadar leh intii suurtagal ah si aan u nadiifinno dhammaan qalabka dhulka ka hor intaan la bilaabin xaydaanka."

Halkee laga helaa nolol Martaniya

Sida nolosha nolosha Martida ah, ha ka niyad jabin. Inkasta oo aanay suurta gal ahayn in nolol kasta - microbial ama wax kale - ay ku noolaan karaan dusha Mars, nolosha dhulka hoostiisa weli waxay u muuqataa sida fursad wanaagsan. Halkan, noolaha noolaha waa la ilaalin karaa oo kaliya maaha shucaaca, laakiin sidoo kale laga bilaabo firaaqo firfircoon.

Cilmi-baadhayaashu weli ma ogaan karaan sida ay ufududeyntu u dhexeyso. Laakiin waxay u badan tahay in dhowr mitir oo ka hooseeya nolosha dusha sare ay jiri karto. Macluumaad dheeraad ah waxaa laga heli karaa 2021, marka qalabka Yurub ee ExoMars ugu dambeyntii taabto Mars. Xaqiiqdii jeermis, dabcan.