Dulmarka guud ee baabuurka GAZ-560 iyo caddaymaha ay

Wixii ka badan toban sano, waannu soo aragnay oo ku saabsan meelaha bannaan ee furan ee baabuurta ee dalkayaga, taas oo uu leeyahay engine ah GAZ-560 "Steyr". Oo kaliya xamuulka "Cagaarka" iyo "cawl", laakiin sidoo kale baabuurta "Volga" aan. Maxay yihiin qaababka cutubkan? Waxaan ka our article bartaan.

Sheekada

In Russia, marka hore loo yaqaan "Steyr" engine u muuqday sanadkii 1998. Waxaa xiran xaqiiqda ah in shirkadaha ka Austria sameeyey iibinta shatiga wax soo saarka ee Russia. baaritaanka socda engine soo socda wacdaro ka qaybgale badan. By tallaabooyinka qaar ka mid ah, ka mid ah oo dhan unugyada naaftada "Steyr" wuxuu ahaa ugu fiican.

Tilmaameyaasha ugu muhiimsani wanaagsan ee engine ka Austria waa:

• ka yar dalbanayaan isticmaalka shidaalka;
• heer bilow at heerkulka daarmayaay'e hooseeyo;
• xuduudaheedu ku oolnimada sare;
• tayada firfircoon u fiican.

The matoorada horeysay socdeen shaqaalaha ee warshadda qaybo kale, taas oo ah sababta ay tayada ahaa ilaa par. Qaybo (GAS-560 "Steyr") si toos ah laga keeno dibadda. Sida laga soo xigtay qorshe ah soo saaraha ee sanadkii aan lahaa in la ma soo saaray in ka yar 250 000 daydo, iyada oo la tixgelinayo xaqiiqda ah in unugyada sida noqon lahayd heli karo si ay dalalka kale ee shirkada.

Taariikhda jiritaanka

Taariikhda xiga ee horumarinta ma ahaa sida wacan sida in aragtida ku dhaqanka. baarka Baaritaanku wuxuu had iyo jeer ma ahaayeen tilmaamayaasha wanaagsan, iyo si ugu dhaqsaha badan la matoorada "Steyr" kala duwan failure bilaabeen inay dhacaan, sababta oo qodobo badan ayaa noqon our xaqiiqada.

tayada shidaalka ee Russia ayaa mar walba ka tagay badan waxaa loo doonayaa, laakiin ay sabab u tahay dadka saboolka ah failure naaftada waxay bilaabeen inay u muuqdaan naaftada Ruush tayada ugu horreeyey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, this ifafaale aan ahaa mid gaar ah. Soon faahfaahinta bilaabay in loo isticmaalo soo saaridda ee unugga, macmalay ee Russia, taas oo keentay in burburka inta badan soo noqnoqda.

Gaar ahaan distinguished GAZ-560

Farqiga ugu muhiimsan ee u dhexeeya engine ku GAZ-560 ayaa noqday design hal xabbad, mahad taas oo ah madaxa dhululubo iyo unit laftiisa waa dhan ah qaybin karo.

Faa'iidada of hal madaxa block dhismaha iyo dhululubo ahaayeen:

• Maqnaanshaha dhexeeya block iyo madaxa dhululubo ee gaskets, taas oo haddii ay dhacdo of kulayl in loo baahan doono in ay si degdeg ah la beddelo.
• Sababo la xiriira maqnaanshaha gaskets saliidda ma heli qabow ka hor taga ama qabow ka hor taga in xilliyo ka dhaca baabuurta, halkaas oo ay jiraan gabal this.
• The block oo madaxa wada shubay, si suurtagalnimada ee dabciyeen madaxa dhululubo la ciribtiray.

kala duwan oo ka mid ah matoorada

Engine GAZ-560 Stayer waxaa lagu heli karaa saddex heer oo Tinta:

1. Engine oo leh awood of 95 litir. a.
2. unit ayaa la fadhiistaan intercooler, kaas oo awood 110 litir. a.
3. engine la intercooler, iyo unit gacanta ku gaari modified ah, taas oo ah awoodda 125 litir. a.

version ugu badan ee baabuurka "Gazel", wuxuu noqday unit awoodda nooca labaad. Rakibay on "cawl" GAZ-560 "Steyr" horumariyo awood u leh in 110 hooras.

Intaa waxaa dheer, matoorada ayaa lagu rakibay baabuur "Volga" iyo "Sobol".

GAS-560: sooc

Dad badan ayaa la yaabanahay waxa ay makiinado ay si dadku jeclaa "Steyr" iyo wixii xog farsamo ee unugga. Waa in la ogaadaa in powerplant ka wakiil Wabka 4-dhululubo engine naaftada la pre-turbo, qaboojinta oo biyo ah iyo nidaamka awood by hab of nozzles.

mugga engine naaftada ah ee 2.1 litir ah. Power la soo bandhigay ka hor. Waayo, engine ku sari gudaha ah waxa lagu gartaa in xaddiga isticmaalka shidaalka ee 11.5 litir 100 kiiloomitir u maray.

Waxaa haboon in la xasuusnaado in heerka socodka kala duwanaan karaan ku xiran tahay xaaladaha hawlgalka gaariga. Tusaale ahaan, baabuur "Sobol", kuwaas oo dhigay unugga GAZ-560 gubtay boqol tiradaasi wax yar ka hooseeya sheegay - 8 l. Waayo, baabuurta isticmaalka yar yahay sida waa faa'iido weyn ka badan tartamayaasha kale.

Tiro badan oo isku wadanka yihiin si joogto ah ku qanci waayaan in turbodiesel ah, oo ugu horreeya oo dhan, waxaa ay keentay tayada shidaalka saboolka ah. Tani waxay caan ku yihiin deegaannada miyiga, iyo sidoo kale dadka deggan magaalooyinka. Marka marxaladdan hore ee isticmaalka matoorada on milkiilayaasha baabuurta shidaalka naaftada more wajahdo dhibaato noocan oo kale ah marka burburo ama cillad ee dabeecadda aan ogaado yaabaa xarun kasta ama meel kale ma aanay sameyn dayactirka.

Qiimaha dayactir for matoorada naaftada ayaa sidoo kale la taaban karo ka badan qiimaha cutubkan qaybo shidaalka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, arrimo kuwan ma aysan joogsan dadka isticmaalka baabuurta la matoorada dhaqaale iyo awood badan.

shaqada ee unugga ee macnaha guud ee Ruush

liisanka shirkadda Austria "Steyr" ogol yahay Warshadda baabuurta ka Gorky in ay isticmaalaan matoorada casriga ah ee wax soo saarka ee baabuurta GAZ, taas oo aan saameynta xun ku saabsan siyaasadda shirkadda ee mustaqbalka. Waayo, "Volga", kaas oo sidoo kale waa unugga maaisaaniyadda GAZ-560, isticmaalka qummanayn sidii version shidaalka ee "cuno" amarka of 16 litir, iyo naaftada - 8 l.

Waayo, makiinado badan oo gariirka jireenka naaftada xowliga yar ama cidleeyo, samaynta wuxuu ruxruxaa baabuur oo dhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xawaare 50 km / h gariirka wax baaba'aan, oo aan baabuurka kasta oo si nabad ah ku odhan kara oo ku saabsan nooca baabuurta lagu rakibay. Isticmaalka "cawl" (GAS-560) ahaa oo ku saabsan 13 litir 100 km.

Tilmaamo caan ku for "Steyr" model waa awood si ay u kululee cidleeyo, sababtoo ah waxa ku dhacay gudaha gaariga waa qabow. Laakiin isagu wuxuu lahaa oo kaliya in la siiyo xawaaraha engine ah, iyo sidoo kale dhaqdhaqaaqa Nidhi Naaray u lahaa raad lahayn. Kor buu u diiriyo ma ka xun, sida haddii engine shidaalka loo isticmaalo on gaariga.

feature A ee kala duwan ee motor Austria sida soo socota. Marka uu baraf ku filan si ay u isticmaalaan shidaalka naaftada qaboobaha oo kaliya iyo batari aan shaqeyn. warshad gaari noocan oo kale ah la bar-markeeda. Inta howlgalka of unit ku saabsan dusha sare ee tuubbo shidaal iyo formation lahayn baraf iyo dhaxan. Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in nozzles rakibay ku yaalaan meel u dhow nidaamka qaboojinta u ogolaanaya mishiinka si dhakhso ah kululeeyo si heerkul wanaagsan.

Xilliga jiilaalka, waxaa fiican in la isticmaalo saliidda ku tilmaamay 5W40. Iyada oo ay isticmaalka shidaalka ee Arctic ah cutubkan ka adkaan kari waayeen dhaxan kasta oo si fudud dabaylaha ilaa xataa dhaxan degree iyo soddon. Haddii gobolka hawlgalka ayaa la arkay oo dhaxan daran, waxyaabaha gaarka ah waa in loo rakibo for madhxiya kaamerada of qol engine ah. Haddii kale, saliidda lagu tuujiyey karaa iyada oo loo marayo qoorta ama baaritaan.

nidaamka turbocharging

GAS-560 marawaxadaha uu ahaa mid aad loo jecel yahay oo xasaasi ah oo tayo leh oo saliid ah loo isticmaalo. Tirada Kacdoonkii halkii daqiiqo gaadho 100,000 inta lagu jiro hawlgalka, iyo heerkulka saliidda gaadhay 150 digrii. Isticmaalka sifaynta masaakiinta sababay marawaxadaha ku noolyihiin in wakhti yar oo gaaban. Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in la xasuusto muuqaalada qaar ka mid ah oo ka hawlgala unugyada xoog leh turbocharging:

• Waa wax aan macquul in la dhiso dardar si degdeg ah on engine qabow. Ma saliid qaro weyn lubricates marawaxadaha ah.
• Marka joojinta motor kolkiiba ma damin kartaa, maxaa yeelay, marawaxadaha ay sii shaandheyn. Oo dilay engine ah, darawal ka jarto socodka oo saliid ah waxa ku jira, oo iyada u keenaysaa in la soo gabagabeeyo amarka.
• line saliid Turbo waa in la shaabadeeyey.
• Iyadoo xawaaraha engine daciif ah iyo baabuurta xawaaraha saboolka ah waa lagama maarmaan si ay ula qabsadaan guga waalka, mas'uul ka buuxintii oo dhan dhululubada. Qabsiga ujeeddooyin ka hortagga waa in lagu sameeyo ka dib markii 45 000 km.

talooyinka

All matoorada naaftada ay yihiin kuwo aad whimsical si tayo leh oo saliid ah iyo shidaalka. Savings ku saabsan shidaalka dambe waxay keeni kartaa in dhaawac halis ah. Inkastoo ay shidaalka matoorka ah ee waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la iibsado kaliya on saldhiga gaaska la xaqiijiyay.

Bay shidaalka saboolka ah waxay keeni doontaa in xumaatay ee ma aha oo kaliya baabuurta ugu weyn. Sababo la suuroggalaan dabayaaqadii shidaalka kululaynta waa sinnayn of qalab ah in bandhigayaa sabab u ah failure qowladdii sari. halkan oo keliya si ay u aqoonsadaan shidaalka naaftada ay tayadiisu hoosayso ku salaysan, sida ka soo horjeeda baatrool, waa ay adag tahay. Ma jirto shuruudaha si toos ah shidaal tayo liita, iyo engine ah ma siin doono wax kasta oo ay mawjadaha gaar ah. Buuxi sahayda shidaalka this keentay in burburinta ugu horeysay Cabbeeyaha injectors.

Reviews

Currently, ee dib u eegista GAZ-560 ee milkiilayaasha baabuurta ugu wanaagsan, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in engine dayactirka ayaa kuwo ku adag sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedka mabda'a. Waayo, tiro badan oo ah milkiilayaasha ayaa qaadatay astaanta u ah isticmaalka shidaalka yar yahay marka la barbar dhigo tusaalayaal kale oo hawlgal fiican in xaaladaha adag cimilada ee dalka.

Mararka qaarkood darawallada ayaa dhibaato filtarka gubay-baxay. engine GAZ-560 dayactir aad u qaali ah, oo mararka qaarkood wada dayactiro ahaa u dhiganta qiimaha cusub. Taasi waa sababta 2008 warshad gaariga uu go'aansaday inuu joojiyo rakibo of unit qaali ah baabuurta.

talo wax ku ool

Fogaato ama, waxaa dhici kara iney dillaacaan ama cillad. Tusaale ahaan, marka uusan awoodin inuu ku soo bilowdo engine waa diiran loo sameeyaa qalliin adag. Aan daruuri beddelo biiyaha ah - aad si fudud u damin kartaa shidma heerkulka coolant iyo hawada. Sidaas darteed, waxay bilaabaan inay la soo saaray, labada qabow iyo sahayda kororka Shidaalka injectors ah.

Haddii engine Injector Gaf noqonayaa mid aan degganayn. Haddii failure ah ee la ogaado isla markiiba ka dib bilowgii, waxaa suurtagal ah si loo ogaado taas oo iyaga ka mid ah waa out of si by nozzles ururinaysa. At Injector oo aan waxtar lahayn heerkulka biiyaha wuxuu noqon doonaa si weyn uga yar kuwa kale. Haddii engine dhibaato GAZ-560 ayaa laga helay wadada, ka dibna at uu biiyaha ka jabay eryi kartaa wax badan (200 km), sidaas ay tahay wax aan macquul aheyn in la siiyo load a nidaamka xoog leh.