Marka ee 1983 Maraykanka ayaa qaatay MLRS MLRS ah, taas oo ay sifooyinka ay ahaayeen dhigma nidaamka Soviet "Hurricane" loo isticmaalo ee 1975, dalalka NATO go'aansaday in gaadheen Midowga Soofiyeeti ku saabsan nidaamka dab Salvo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay lahaayeen la yaab leh. Afar sano ka dib, sanadkii 1987, qaatay guutada madaafiicda Waxyeelo Ciidamada Soviet galay rakibo "Smerch".
History of abuurka
Hawsha in la dhiso nidaam ah gantaal cusub ka hor, marka lagu daro hawlaha dhaqameed for burburinta qalabka, hubka, shaqaale, airfields iyo Ulahoodii, noqoshada iyo burburinta gantaalo xeeladeed. Ujeedada this waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd in la kordhiyo kala duwan oo sax ah oo toogashada ah. Waayo, horumarinta nidaamka noocan oo kale ah ay ka yimaadeen Tula Design Bureau of Research State iyo Production Enterprise "Fusion", kuwaasi oo ay loogu talagalay rido badan gantaalada Russia. naqshadeeye Guud ahaa Alexander Nikitivich Ganichev, oo uu dhintay ka dib - Denezhkin Gennadiy Alekseevich.
Design iyo muuqaalada
Bilowga shuqulka samaynta waxaa soo wajahay dhibaato weyn. All gantaal rido Russia iyo dunida, laga bilaabo halyeeyga "Katyusha", la kordhiyo toogashada Khasaari kala duwan oo ay faa'iido weyn ee - kubad garaacid bartilmaameed ma, saameeyeen a gantaallo firdhinta waaweyn. Si looga hortago khasaare this, duulimaadka ugu horeeya ee la saxo waxaa laga codsadaa in dunida oo rasaas ah ayaa sheegay in garoonka iyo Yaw. By isticmaalaya nidaam gaar ah ay gacanta ku dhuftay sax ayaa lagu gaarey in laba, iyo saxsanaanta - saddex jeer ka badan in nidaamka la mid ah oo ajnabi ah oo dab Salvo. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, in laga gano ka codsatay ka fiican adag-Waxuun. Dhamaan arrimahan soo jeedinaya in la rakibo of "Twister" - hub ah oo heer aasaas cusub oo laga qabanin, ee kala duwan iyo awood ay ku dhinteen dab, burburinta gawaarida gaashaaman iyo shaqaale cadowga iman kara.
Kaalmada rasaas
RZSO "Twister" - rakibidda dab kubad. Waxay leedahay guide launch a tuubooyinka 12, siday u kala horreeyaan, in rasaas ka mid ah 12 nooc oo kala duwan oo gantaalo. Ka fiirso qaar ka mid ah. 9M55K qolof ayaa qayb madaxa waxyaabaha qaybsanaanta a. Loogu talagalay in ay ka qayb technology jilicsan hasyo-iyo shaqaale baadiyaha furan. gano ayaa ka kooban submunitions qariyay 9M55K1. Loogu talagalay in lagu baabbi'iyo sare ee gawaarida gaashaaman iyo taangiyada. Gantaalo 9M55K3 iyo KM4 waxaa loo isticmaalaa la-dagaallanka shaqaalaha iyo anti-macdanta siday u kala horreeyaan. qaybta madaxa 646 qalabeysan 9M55K5 submunitions la kicinta u qaabeysan-qaybsanaanta. Feeraan 120 mm hubkiisa dhqaalaha iyo ugu waxtarka badan ee lugta oo dhaqdhaqaaqa BMP iyo APCs. Gantaalaha 9M55F ka kooban warhead a fullaaci kara sare-qarxa qaybsanaanta. Waxaa wada baabbi'iyaa, shaqaale, xarumaha isgaarsiinta, xarunta, military iyo goobaha warshadaha. The gano ugu dhib badan "Twister" waa 9M55S qalabaysan warhead thermobaric (ee loo yaqaan qarxa shidaalka hawada, ama qarax vacuum). Qalabka imtixaanada gobolka, taas oo go'aan ka-oolnimada ee ay la isticmaalo, waxaa loo kala saaraa.
Currently, ku salaysan dhufays kor ku horumariyo gantaalo cusub oo kor u kala duwan oo ka cayrinta 90 kiiloomitir. Waa in la ogaadaa warhead kale caadi ahayn. Waa gantaalada la diyaarad saarnayn, oo waxaa loogu tala galay si ay ula socdaan iyo sahan cadowga nus-saac, iyo waxa uu shahaadada sare uguma mahad ay size yar yar.
MRL The adag
rakibaadda kubad "Smerch" waxay ka kooban tahay dagaal gaari 9A52, abuuray oo ku saleysan jiifku ay afar-dhexaad la sare cross-MAZ 543 gaari. Waxaa soo ururay xirmo 12 hanuuniyo qaab embriyaha, waxaa jira qalabka isgaarsiinta raadiyaha, iyo sidoo kale habka ay gacanta dab qalabka la heli karo. Mashiinka transportnozaryazhayuschaya waxaa loo isticmaalaa loading Launcher ah, ayaa 9T234 index, sidoo kale on the-MAZ 543. version The dhoofinta MLRS bixisaa, on codsi, baabuur bedelka "Tatra-816." Tan waxa u sabab xaqiiqada ah in dalalka qaar ka mid ah, sida India, waxaa jira adeeg horumarsan ee shirkadda this. Si loo xaqiijiyo in goobaha codsiga dagaal ku ool ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa: IQ adag (control dab Automatic) 9S729M1 "tuur-1" KamAZ-43114 ( «Tatra-T815"); Baabuurta for sahan (1T12-2M index, GAZ-66); adag radiopelengatsionny Saadaasha Hawada 1B44 "Smile" ( "Ural-43203").
Dalalka gacmo on RZSO
By markii ugu Midowga Soofiyeeti burburay ee gacmaha saddex regiments madaafiic gantaal ayaa la rakibo "Smerch". 336 ciidankii ka dib markii sanadkii 1991 ku hadhay Belarus, 337 - in Russia, iyo 371 - in Ukraine. Intaa waxaa dheer in dalalka kor ku xusan, rakibo adeegaya ee Azerbaijan, Algeria, Venezuela, Georgia, Hindiya, Kuwait, UAE, Peru iyo Turkmenistan. Qayb ka mid ah taangiyada dalal ka mid ah ayaa si toos ah kooxda kaalinta Rosoboronexport, iyo qaar ka mid ah waxaa lagu iibin ka kaydka ah ee Ukraine Soofiyeeti iyo Belarus. Shiinaha saarta RZSO "Smerch" waxaa shati ay jiifku.
horumar rajo
In Russia maanta waxaa horumarinta nidaamyada cusub gantaal. photo A mid iyaga ka wakiil yahay in aad fiiro. Tani rakibidda "Kama" ee jiifku cusub KAMAZ-6350 6 biraha halkii 12, oo hore u ahaa muujiyey at show aerospace "MAKS-2007" ee. RZSO sidoo kale sii si ay u horumariyaan jiilka cusub ee "Tornado", taas oo ugu dhaqsaha badan ugu duceeyo doonaa dagaalka waajib in ciidamada Ruush iyo ciidamada qalabka sida ee dalalka kale.