Abwaan Yan Raynis: Biography, qoreysa hal abuur leh, xaqiiqada oo xiiso leh

Yan Raynis - yaqaan Abwaan Latvia, qoraa ruug cadaaya, fekeraya iyo siyaasi, oo uu saameyn weyn ku formation of aqoonsiga dhaqanka iyo qaranka ka mid ah dadka dalkooda inta lagu jiro waqtiga of formation of ay xorriyadda.

carruurnimada

Janis Pliekshans (magaca qoraaga, u siiyey isaga inay marka ilmuhu dhasho) waxa uu ku dhashay September 11, 1865 in estate Tadenava ah - rukunka ugu fog oo ka Latvia, oo ku yaalla Courland. xarunta ugu dhow dhaqan dalkan oo ah magaalomadaxda reer dukaanlayda, farsamo, nijaarro - Dinaburg (Daugavpils). Wiil The bartay si ay u dhawraan dabeecadda; waayo-aragnimada carruurnimada hore xagaaga ugu wanaagsan, wuxuu soo xusuustay, beeraha qurux badan oo cagaaran iyo biyaha buluug, Waddooyinkiisa kaynta loogu fuuli jiray iyo qorraxda, awood wanaagsan oo weli dareemay in gabayada qoraaga. By khasnado khaas ah oo hal-abuur aadanaha qoraaga mustaqbalka inuu ku biiro hooyadiis, Darth Pliekshane, naag xariif ah oo shaqo. Waxay ku gabyeen badan, iyo Yan Raynis u suurtagashay in ay u qoraan tiro badan oo heeso.

Aabbaha John arrin jiray nin hodan ah - ridayeen a kan kara madax-bannaan si loo gaaro xaalad deggan dhaqaale iyo siiyey waxbarasho heer sare ilmahaaga. Laga soo bilaabo carruurnimada hore wiilka ahaa si fiican ugu Ruush iyo Jarmal, ka dib bartay Latin iyo Faransiis. On yiqiin dhow la Biography ee Janis waxa uu noqonayaa mid iska cad in Abwaan hadlay si fiican sidoo kale in Lithuanian, Belarus, Boolish iyo Talyaani.

sano dugsiga

Tan iyo 1880 Raynis Yan tegey inaad wax ka barato dugsiga Riga City, ka dibna "calalin" sayniska dhagax adag ee St. Petersburg University ee kuliyadda sharciga. Sida laga soo xigtay Yang, xirfadda sharciga ah uu u doortay, maxaa yeelay, wuxuu rabay in aan si shakhsi ah ee nolosha ee gobolka, waxaa lagu bedelayo hab wanaagsan. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan wuxuu akhriyey heshiis weyn; Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen shuqullada qorayaasha of Qarniyadii hore (Aeschylus, Sophocles, Homer, Herodiyiintu, Plutarch) iyo qorayaasha of jeer oo casri ah (Shakespeare, Byron, Lermontov, Shelley, Heine, Pushkin). Is barbar socda turjumay shuqulkii weynaa oo Classics dunida.

Waxa ay ahayd in St. Petersburg, ishaartay Abwaan kacaan waxay ku dhaarteen in ay daacad u proletariat iyo maalinta ugu dambaysa u adeegeen danaha uu.

hawlaha saxaafadda

Marka la dhameeyo, Yan Raynis, kuwaas oo Biography waa maaddo kibirka gaar ah dalkiisa, shaqo qaaday on qaaska ah: marka hore in Vilnius, ka dibna Berlin, Panevezys, Jelgava. Ka dib markii daafacaayo ay PhD ee 1891, wuxuu noqday musharax ee cilmiga sharciga ah, laakiin macsalaamo si caddaalad ah u fudud in ay xirfado ididiilo sida qareen. Isla mar ahaantaana Yan Raynis si dhab xiiso siyaasadda, waxay ahayd jeclaan of shaqada suugaanta, helay in wargeyska "Dienas Lapa", sida ay danahooda ku dhow yahay inuu ruuxa bulsho-dimuqraadi ah. Taasi sano tifaftirka ahaayeen markii ay hawshu ugu badan dhala saxaafadda Yana Raynisa. Abwaan qoray gabayo, dib u eegista, dib u eegista ah ee articles siyaasadeed iyo ayuun, waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah suxufiyiinta ugu fiican iyo caanka ah ee dalka.

In la masaafuriyey

Abwaan Rainis Yang, kuwaas oo Biography waa danaha dhabta ah ee tiro balaadhan oo ah akhristayaasha, si firfircoon u diriray fikrado kacaan, waxa si joogta ah ku jiray xabsiga. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee uu ku jiray xabsi sannadkii 1897. In 1899, gabayaa la musaafuriyay 5 sano gobolka Vyatka ah - mid ka mid ah xarumaha xidhnaa siyaasadeed, caan ku ah meelaheeda dhoobada ay dhammaadka lahayn iyo kaymaha cufan la mari karin. Waxay ahayd halkaas, magaalada gobolka Ruush dhaqdhaqaaqa ruuxi ah karkaraya Rainis daabacay uu ururinta ugu horreeya ee gabayada "The eg fog habeenka buluug ah" (1903), si cad u muujineysa in ay safarka farshaxanka iyo ruuxi ah muddo ku dhow 20 sano.

Markaad gurigaaga ku laabato Rainis ayaa labo sanno ay aad u soo saar leh nolosha. By markii ugu Abwaan guursaday gabayaa caan Aspasia, waxa uu ahaa 38 sano jir, oo uu si buuxda u hawlan shaqada bulshada iyo hawlaha hal-abuurka. Yang saftay badan baxyada iyo kulamada, ka qayb qaatay firfircoon ee Congress of macalimiinta Latvia gacan saar la leeyihiin xisbiga Sooshal dimuqraadiga, safray Moscow sida ergeyga ah. Isagoo kibirsan iyo Abwaan farxad jawaabay kacaanka ee 1905, kaas oo si toos ah qayb ka mid ah.

guul ugu weyn ee muddo this ahaa riwaayadaha weyn aayadda "Fire iyo Night" - shuqul weyn oo ka mid ah riwaayadaha Latvia.

Biography oo ah qoraaga buug

Raynis Yan iyo xaaskiisa ka dib guuldaradii of kacdoonka hubaysan ayuu u haajiray dalka Switzerland, halkaas oo uu ku noolaa muddo 15 sano ah. Taasi Abwaan dalkan yeedhay guriga labaad. Halkan dunida arkay shuqulkoodii sida qoraaga sida "The End iyo Bilowga ah", "Silent Kitaabka", "New Force", "Kuwa ha iloobin", "Daugava", "afuufa, Wind", "Dab iyo Night", "Yuusuf iyo walaalihiis oo ahaa "," faras Golden ". Ruwaayado iyo gabayo Raina noqday tusaalooyin fiican ee gabayada in Latvia, horay u xiran dabeecadda sare ah oo ay la jaanqaadaan suugaanta Jarmal.

sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

Marka si Latvia ay horey u madax bannaan, halkaas oo isaga iyo xaaskiisa, kumanaan qof salaamay sida geesiyaal qaran, Yan Raynis qoray masiibadii "Ilya Muromets" ka dibna la daabacay buug gabayo soo laabtay "Shan iyo buug of Dagda." Ka dib markii uu 9 sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa ee Riga, Abwaan qaaday si firfircoon uga qeyb nolosha siyaasadeed, oo uu ku doortay Golaha Ansixinta Dastuurka ee Latvia, waxaa mid ka mid ah qorayaasha ee Dastuurka dalka iyo xitaa qayb-galay tartanka madaxweynenimo, taasoo uu lumo ahaa. Laga soo bilaabo 1921 in 1925 uu ka shaqeeyay sidii agaasimaha Art Moscow Tiyaatarka. Tiro badan oo shuqullada stage ayaa la gaarsiiyey by Tiyaatarka Qaranka inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Rainis. Laga soo bilaabo 1926 in 1928, Yan Raynis noqday Wasiirka Waxbarashada, iyo in 1925 helay abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee dalka - Order ee Saddex Stars 1 degree.

Nolosha dhaw ee Abwaan Latvia qarxay Jurmala, 12 September 1929. Yan Raynis si lama filaan ah ka tagay, ka tegid qalabka arkiifiyo in ka badan boqol gogo 'oo diiqid. Aasay qoraa caansan dunida ee ee Xabaalaha Cusub, ka dib la odhan jiray ka dib. In 1943, Jan waxaa lagu aasay naagtiisa, Aspasia ag.

Riwaayado Yana Raynisa saaray heerarka tiyaatarada ma aha oo kaliya Latvia, laakiin sidoo kale adduunka oo dhan, oo gabayo, lagu daabacay tarjumaadaha cusub, qaadataa malaayiin akhristayaasha.