"Waxaa barakaysan jannada" - icon ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah. Maxaa ku baryayaaye, ka hor inta icon ah?

In macbudyo ee Moscow ee pre-kacaan lahaa walxood mucjisada badan, caabudeen, kuwaas oo ka codsaday gargaar oo dhan arrimaha nolosha. dhawaqa ee dawanno si dhaqso ah iyaga oo dadka Orthodox. Laakiin iyaga ka mid ah ayaa si gaar ah uga baqi jireen. Waxay ka oo dhan Russia yimid. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxa loo yaqaan "Waxaa barakaysan Jannada." waxa ay noqon doontaa our sheekada.

muuqaalka kore ee image mucjisada ah ee Russia

Ku saabsan sida waxaa jiray in Russia image cajiibka ah, taswiiran ee views kala duwan. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah version, qarnigii XIV ah, icon la geeyey Moscow Smolensk xaaskiisa taqi ah ee Prince Vasily Dmitrievich ka - Sofia Vitovtovna. In Smolensk, iyada waxaa laga soo Constantinople wada diray images kale ee qadiimiga ah. In version kale oo icon yahay asal ahaan reer galbeedka. Laakiin version this ka yar qancin maxaa yeelay waxa ay ku salaysan tahay oo keliya on sifooyinka iconographic ah iyada oo qoraal ah.

Waxaa jira koox gaar ah ee walxood Marian, loo yaqaan "akafistnye". Waxa ay hal dhibic ka weyn waa in ay ku ammaaneen Queen ah jannada. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waa ku gabyeen faraxsan oo ammaantiisana iyada sharaf. Kooxdan waxaa iska leh "samada faa'iido" - icon ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah. Waa maxay tukanayay hore waxaa ka mid ah? wax ku saabsan badan. Laakiin ugu muhiimsan - hanuunin jidka keenta in Jannada. Ha ka tegin Our Lady of dhan, si ay ugu cuslaataan iyada iimaanka.

Noocooda jidka roonaado

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in icon ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah "faa'iido samada" sida noocooda leeyahay image a kala duwan, oo loo yaqaan "Naagtii waxay qorraxda huwan". Sawiray waxa shaxanka of Virgin la Child ee hubka iyada oo ku saabsan moon bilaha a taagan. Her cutubka waxaa loo caleemo saaray by taaj oo kale ah, oo dhan waxaa ka mid ah hareereeyeen by rays. Ujeeddada uu u qoraal bilaabeen inay keensato kitaabkii ka Ioanna Bogoslova.

Rasuulka Quduuska ah wuxuu sharaxayaa sida istaahilin inaan bal eeg jannada ku xaaskiisa dhacay qoraxda, dhashay ilmaha, kuwaas oo ahaa ku Qaddarray si ay u noqdaan wadaad ah ee dhammaan dadka dunida. Abuuray ee Western Europe qarnigii XV ah, nooca iconographic this in laba boqol oo sannadood jiray Russia. Wuxuu siiyey kor u qaada qoraal walxood Marian, oo ay ku jiraan "The Sun" iyo icon ah oo ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah "samada faa'iido."

image ee kaniisadda Moscow ee

Orthodox Russia on walxood oo kuwanuna waxay ahaayeen sharaf gaar ah. Ugu da'da weyn oo iyaga ka mid ahaa icon ah oo ka mid ah "samada faa'iido" Virgin, oo ku yaalla ka Mikaa'iil Cathedral ee Kremlin Moscow ee. Waxay ahayd nuqul ka mid ah icon hore, qoraal amar ah taqi ah Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Waayo, waxaa la sameeyey tumay jir lacag ah. In 1812, uu la afduubay, balse dhowr sano ka dib, waxaana bedelay mid cusub. Qaar ka mid ah qaybaha ay, nasiib daro, ma aysan u noolaadaan.

Maanta icon ah waxa lagu kaydiyaa Moscow Cathedral ee Mikaa'iil. xurmayn baahsan waxaa ka mid ah oo la xidhiidha magaca Metropolitan Moscow ee Filaret (Drozdov). In 1853, uu amar ku bixiyay in la ururiyo dhammaan dokumentiyada la heli karo la xiriira jidka "samada faa'iido." Icon ayaa meeshiisii qaaday in iconostasis casriyayn ee cathedral ee, iyo tilmaamaha ee Metropolitan laba jeer sannadkii, xaalkaas waxaa lagu sameeyey dabaal. Intaa waxaa dheer, maalin kasta iyada oo sharaf qabsoomey adeeg salaadda gaar ah. dad sodcaal ah oo tiro badan ku qaadeen iyada shumacyo, iyo laambadahoodii yaryaraa oo saliid. liis cusub oo ah "samada faa'iido" image waxaa loo sameeyey in bilowgii qarnigii la soo dhaafay. icon hadda waa mid ka mid ah kuwo macbudyo dhaca gobolka Yaroslavl ah.

fresco caanka V. M. Vasnetsova

Sheekada of image this mucjiso noqon lahaa aan dhamaystirnayn haddii aadan xusuusan fresco caanka ah ee St. Vladimir Cathedral ee Kiev, shaqada V. M. Vasnetsova. Shaqada Tani waa sidaas u weyn in ay tahay qiimihiisu raadinaya in faahfaahin dheeraad ah. Sheekadiisa waa ku yaab ma aha oo kaliya mid xiiso leh, laakiin sidoo kale.

In 1885, mid ka mid ah madaxda ku saabsan diiwaangelinta macbudka dhawaan la dhisay, Professor A. Prakhov casuumay Vasnetsov inuu sawiro derbiyada, laakiin cudur ina ee looga hortagi artist ah inuu aqbalo dalabka ah. Si dhakhso ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in fikirka image of Our Lady si Qabtay, maskaxdiisa uu bedelay. wadadii uu noqday goobta uu goob joog: naagtiisa haysta gacanta ilmo - vskinuvshego wiilkiisii dilaaca farxadda gacmahaaga yar.

"Samada faa'iido" - icon ah in uu noqday qayb ka mid ah macbudka

Dhanka kale, ee Kiev, dhammeystirka inay macbudka ku rinjiyeynta ah. Professor Prakhov la koox ka mid ah gargaarrada imtixaameen derbiyada cusub malaasay dabadeed. Plaster, sida aynu ognahay, waxaa lagu qalajiyo di'in qalajiyey iyo meelaha iftiinka alternated la mugdi ah, dheeraad ah ceeriin. Going to qayb ka mid ah derbiga halkaas oo waa in hab zaaltarny, oo dhan lama filaan ah ka eeg a derbiyada qalalan oo la caddeeyey ee cayriin badan iyo sababta oo ah goobta madow, dulmar iyada sida image ah Virgin la Child ee hubka iyada.

Prakhov isla markiiba sketched waxa uu arkay, iyo dhammaan kuwa haatan jooga inay sugee. Marka Vasnetsov in Kiev yimaadeen ayay isagii tusay sawir ah, uu la yaabay - dulmar ee Virgin dhab u dhigma image ah uu arkay isaga, xaaskiisa iyo wiilkiisa gacmihiisa. Jiitay waxa uu arkay, ayuu u baxay inuu ka shaqeeyo. Laba sano ka dib, derbigii cathedral ku qurxiyey fresco caanka ah "samada faa'iido." icon The, taas oo qayb ka ah cathedral noqday, deeqsinimo ay nimcadu ugu of iimaanka socda iyadii.

Icon - gargaaraha daafacyada samada

Maanta, icon this weli ah mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu ixtiraamo ee dalka. Its dabaal qaadataa meel on 19 March. Icon "Waxaa barakaysan jannada", kuwaas oo qiimo tegey ka baxsan astaanta Gaarna diinta, waxa uu noqday sokoeye ka mid ah ciidamada hawada Ruush, oon ku gudanaysa ah howlgalka waddani muhiim ah. Biladda "Waxaa barakaysan jannada" waxaa la aasaasay by amarka Dowladda Ruush.

Waxaa la siiyaa mudnaanta gaar ah oo cirka jooga ilaalinta dalka. Waxaa la og yahay in tijaabo ciidamada halyeeyga AI Pokryshkin dhashay maalinta ay dabaal, iyo dagaalkii qaaday daryeel isaga in Hooyo dagaalka Ilaah.