Waa maxay kala duwan ka soo qoriga biiyaha ah? Ugaarsadaan qoriga habboon

Gun habboon, shaki la'aan ah, waa hubka ugu sharaf leh iyo jaceyl ay isticmaalaan ugaarsadaha da'da ah oo dhan. si gaar ah loogu talagalay soo ugaadhsaday, Kai double-barreled la foosto kufsan muuqday UK u dhexeeya 1830 iyo 1840, markii ee gobollada buuraleyda ah ee Scotland ayaa noqday caan ah deerada ugaarsiga. Ilaa wakhtigaas, keliya loo isticmaalo hal-qori, laakiin ugaarsadaha ka warqabin baahida loo qabo a shot labaad deg deg ah, inta badan for qaarjiso ciyaarta dhaawac ah.

sharaxaad kooban

Waayo, dhowr boqol oo sano, dadka ay u isticmaaleen hub for ugaarsiga. Waa maxay ma ay iman xoolaha wax soo saarka iyo Shimbiraha, habboona, qoryaha, qoryaha, shoodhgannadu naqshado iyo calibres kala duwan. In ka latitudes dhexe waa ugaarsiga ah qiimaha weyn ciyaarta: iska daaqda ugaadha duurjoogta, ee elg, orso, deerada. Laakiin nuujiya koobka ugu tari waxaa loo tixgeliyaa "Big Five": maroodiga, libaax, wiyisha, shabeel iyo gisi. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waa dilaaga ah, si ay wax soo saarka waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa qoryaha gaar ah oo waaweyn-heerkiisa la channels foosto kufsan - rakiban.

Inta badan, noocan ah hub lagu qalabeeyey laba foosto dangiigsanaan - waa, nooca ugu badan mobile isitcmaalo khariidad. Waxaa ka mid ah oo u ogolaanaya ka mid ah si ay u fuliyaan laba shot dilaaga. Xitaa markii ugu horeysay heysa toogtay jabkii dhabta ah ayaa markii labaad ah.

Waxaa sidoo kale jira versions-hal foosto - waayo ugaarsiga ee buuraha, halkaas oo muhiim ah sax oo kala duwan oo ka mid ah rasaas. gunsmiths Austria iyo Jarmal soo saaro saddex, iyo xataa chetyrehstvolnye universal qoryaha ugaarsiga habboon. Xaaladdan oo kale, labada dogob ugu weyn ee ay leeyihiin Surf ah oo waaweyn, iyo laba kale - ee calibers yar noocyada kala duwan ee ciyaarta.

kala soocidda

hub Tani yimid jidka dheer iyo "qodxan" qoryaha dulnozaryadnyh sirgaxan, kaas oo ay isticmaalaan khatar ah budada madow, in farsmada heerka sare "nitroekspressov", taas oo iskuna soo fikradaha fiican ee injineernimada. noocyada jira of nozzles kala qaybsan yihiin saddex darajo:

• Launcher - qaybsanyahay qoriga design huriye, kaas oo u adeegsanayaa qaab kiish ama wareega rasaas hogaanka gaaban. Dhaqan ahaan, noocan ah waxaa loo isticmaalay hub budada madow. The hore xawaare ah rasaas ku yar yahay: 320-510 m / s.
• Fikraddaada - qoriga lagu qaybsanyahay calibers biiyaha .450, .500, .577, iyo kuwa kale. nonenveloped Khusayso elongated rasaas, kuna waari dhexdeeda hore xawaare 465-610 m / sec ah. Sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa budada madow.
• Nitroekspress - "perelomka" hormaray qolof a rasaas casri ah, soo diray by budada aan qiiqa lahayn ah. Heerka hore ee 564-991 m / s.
• Bullpup - eray cusub ee design ah ee hal-rakiban ee heerkiisa yar. Keebka gudbiyeen dhexe ee foosto iyo waxa uu ku yaalaa ka dambeeya qaab dubbihii ragga iyo jidhiidha ahaa (aan dhicin) ee @HSMPress baadkiisa. heshiis Tani waxay ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah, oo aan la yareeyo dhererka foosto ah, samaynta hubka aad is haysta. Waayo, loading qeyb ka mid ah saamiyada ku tiirsada dib, waxaa laga yaabaa in sidoo kale waxaa lagu qori dhanka hubka dheeraad ah.

From horumar si ay u kacaan

In kasta oo ururka ka tirsan a noocyada gooni ah oo hub soo ugaadhsaday, weli waxaa ka soo jeeda shoodhgannadu. Intii ay horumar, in shuruudaha farsamo, waxay Ree ka danbeeya horumarinta noocyada kale ee qoryaha ugaarsiga hub ku jiray kaalinta qabsado-up.

Iyada oo popularization ee ugaarsiga Afrika ee bilowgii qarnigii XX ee soo saaridda ee ku xir-ka taasoo keentay Rifleman Yurub iman. In 20-mada la abuuray tusaalooyinka ugu fiican ee tareenada express (alaabta oo tayo gaar ah taagan Masters British), qaalisan dabeecadihiisa u gaarka ah iyo "gladkostvolki" iyo carbines. Waxay weli waa riyo ee ugaarsadaha aqoonyahanada dalka.

Waa maxay farqiga u ka biiyaha qoriga

Dhab ahaantii, ururka - ay shoodhgannadu leexdo isku mid ah (toosan ama dadban) ee qoriga, laakiin waxay u dhashay ma siman oo dilaaca. jir waxa uu u suurtogelin doonaa more sax ah awood, iyo aad u badan si ay u soo diri rasaas ah. waddada tooska ah ee habkan waa cadaadiska sare ahbaa in foosto ah, taas oo ay sabab u tahay shuruudaha gaarka ah ay ku soo rogeen on xoogga nidaamka iridda - waxaa aad u habaysan.

Marka la eego foosto heerkiisa weyn, ka, ku dhow-rakibin qoriga bool "qaro-ooday", inta badan culus iyo weyn, siday u kala horreeyaan, ma ku haboon yahay socda raadinta.

awood ku hormartay iyo joojinta ee lagu daydo oo waaweyn-heerkiisa waa caadi aheyn, mid rasaas waa ku filan si ay dalka ugu weyn ee caalamka ka dhacay - maroodiga. Xitaa haddii tallaalka ma ahayn mid sax ah, tamarta ogeed of gano ku filan oo ay ku hoos garaacdaan, oo muddo ay uga takhalusi lahaayeen wax kulan weyn. No Nooca kale ee hubka sokeeye ma aha awood.

La soco in waa adag tahay in ay isticmaalaan hub, layaabna ma leh, waxay sheegeen in ururka - waayo pros ee. Gaar ahaan heerkiisa weyn Gudigga design, wax badan oo ka mid ah miisaanka iyo caqabad ku noqotey in ay ku oolnimada of isticmaalka ugaarsadaha ay u hureen.

noocyada calibers

Rakiban ujeedooyin kale iyo, sida, aasto waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba kooxood oo waaweyn: style Yurub iyo African-Indian. Waayo, ugaarsadaan in latitudes waqooyiga (Europe, Russia, North America, qeybo ka mid ah Asia) ayaa dhaqan ahaan loo isticmaalo heerkiisa "yar": 9,3h74R; 8h57JRS; 7h65R. Iyadoo la raacayo, dhererka foosto qoriga u dhigma: 550-600 mm.

Xayawaanka of Africa, India, Koonfur-bari Eeshiya, waa kuwo waaweyn ee size, ka sii halis badan waayo ugaadhsadaha. Booskan for dhiganta kooxda sida soo xulay: .375N-H; .416Rigby; .470N oo dheeraad ah.

The ururada ugu awooda badan

Waxaa jira wuxuush nitroekspressy la weyn (by heerarka ugaarsiga) heerkiisa. Tusaale ahaan, muddo dheer u ahaa qoryaha adag ugu awooda Holland & Holland qollaha for .600 Nitro Express, ee ay soo Jeffrey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay jajuubi ee millionaire ah (kuwaas oo doonayay in ay ahayd .600 ee la soo dhaafay), Holland & Holland magdhow miisaan joogsadeen-soo-saarka ee 1975. lacagta qandaraaskiisa waa qarsoodi ah, laakiin sida muuqata waa mid aad u muhiim ah, sababtoo ah mid ka mid nitroekspress heerkiisa .600 ahaa ka qiimo badan tahay 100 000 oo doolar.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhacay, helay hab fudud oo si aad u hesho agagaarka heshiis xadaynta addoonsi ah - in ay sameeyaan qoriga heerkiisa dheeraad ah oo waaweyn. At codsiga ah ee American William Feldstein Holland & Holland 1989 ayaa abuuray qori .700 Nitro Express heerkiisa, iyo rasaas horumariyo naxaasta Bell aasaasiga ah. Khubarada odhan - waa qoriga ugaadhsiga awood badan taariikhda. On ugaarsi ugu horreeyey saddex darbo saddex maroodi ayaa lagu dilay.

qiimaha arrinta

Maanta, Kuwaas oo ah xayiraad kordhaya on ugaarsadaan u baahan ciyaar halis u ah ururada double-foosto isku mid, gaar ahaan marka ay timaado wax iibsiga guddiga (b / y) ee marka. amarrada intooda badan ay ixtiraamaan rakiban heerkiisa helay ama ururinayay lacagta, ama "ugaarsi-riyooda" kuwaas oo jeclaan lahaa in hubka la mid ah, sida aan u isticmaalno Dzheyms Sazerlend, Dzhon Hanter iyo kuwa kale.

Khubarada ku talinaynaa sare leh ma skimp on noocan ah ee hubka, haddii aad qorsheyneysid inaad isticmaasho ugaarsi dhab iibsaday qoriga habboon. Price waxay ku xiran tahay nooca qoriga, uu heerkiisa, xaalad farsamo saaraha iyo qiimaha taariikhiga ah. Haddii aad rabto in aad ka iibsan nitroekspress, tag qiimaha dhawr kun oo doolar waa in feejignaan aan caadi ahayn in u-ekaanta raqiis ah ka dhicin marka laga reebo ka dib markii darbooyin tuurtuurayay. baarka qaadnaa oo sidaas daraaddeed, lagu kalsoonaan karo oo wax ku ool ah ay yihiin tobanaan kun oo doolar. Iyadoo tan maskaxda shirkadda, ku hawlan soo ugaadhsaday ee Africa kulan weyn, waxay leeyihiin ururinta u gaar ah oo ku rakiban iyo gacanta macaamiisha si ay u jeexjeexay. Of cusub ugu jaban dunida jira model Izhevsk MR221 iyo MR251 (20 000 rubles).

Gun habboon: haysashada Russia

In Russia, rakiban sida hub ugaarsiga a ma noqon baahsan, malaha sabab la'aanta ah ee walxaha ugaarsiga hufan. Laakiin waxay si weyn loo isticmaalaa in ciidanka Imperial. Dabcan, qaar ka mid ah manufactures iyo saanacyadii soo saaray rakiban tiro yar, inta badan wax soo saarka ee orso.

Laga soo bilaabo qalabka casriga ah note-soo-saarka gudaha ah "qoriga hal-barreled" IZH18N (la saari siman foosto 12 eeg mid ah), ceejiya Kai double-barreled "muuji" MR251 la wanaajiyey quful Guntin iyo MR221 "Di'anada". model Tani waa heerkiisa yar, taas oo, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa ku filan Halaag lagu kalsoonaan karo oo bahal kasta ee latitudes our.

gunaanad

ururka, in nitroekspressy gaar ah, waa waxyaabaha ugu awood badan, waayo, rasaas ugaarsiga. Thanks to foosto kufsan iyo cadaadis weyn ee ay channel waqtiga rasaas xabada uu kordhay tamarta ogeed, umado shishe iyo si sax ah ku dhacay. From carbines kufsan kala duwan heerkiisa aad u balaaran, iyo suurtagalnimada ee ka soo baxay laba (ama ka badan) shots "mid ka mid ah ka mid ah" tiir on hortiisa shaqada.

Ka mid ah qabsoomi xusay in la kordhiyo miisaanka hubka (nitroekspressy qaar ka mid ah miisaantaan ka badan 5 kg), laabanayo xasaasi ah (run heerkiisa weyn) iyo qiimaha sare. In the case of a (saddex, afar) waxqabadka double-barreled, kala duwan oo wax ku ool ah waa la dhimay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ugu habboon ee nooca Yurub ee heerkiisa yar Rajadu waa in waxyaalaha kuma hantaan.