Waa maxay interactionism ah calaamad?

In cilmiga casriga ah ee sayniska, waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah aragtiyaha arrin wayn oo la odhan karaa paradigmatic ah. Interactionism calaamad - mid ka mid ah aragtiyahan, kaas oo ku salaysan xaqiiqada ah in isdhexgalka (isdhexgalka) dadka bulshada dhici by yahay ee isgaarsiinta, kaas oo ku salaysan wax soo saarka iyo aqoonsiga jilayaasha qaarkood. Man jawaab u heshaa dunida dabiiciga ah iyo bulshada dibadda si dadban, ku turjumeysa xaqiiqda dhex images, calaamadaha, calaamadaha, iyo isgaarsiin calaamadaha ee geedi socodka of xidhiidhka dhexdooda. interactionism calaamad, wakiillo ka caan ah ay ahaayeen cilmibaadhe oo Maraykan ah sociologists John. G. Mead (1863-1931) iyo G. Bloomer (1900-1986), lafaguraa isdhexgalka bulshada ee ay content calaamad. Fikradda asaasiga ah ee aragtida this - dhexgalka (Isku dhex) taas oo is waydaarsiga in characters.

J. Mead interactionism calaamad. Salaysan yahay xaqiiqda ah in matalaad ee xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee qofka waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa waayo-aragnimada uu dadka kale, iyo gaar ahaan aragtida dunida, naftaada iyo dadka kale, si ay u ahayd aragti ku haboon iyo qiimaha calaamad xaqiiqada dhabta ah ee bulshada ka mid ah dadka kale. Sida laga soo xigtay John Meade. Bulsho iyo shakhsi bulshada (social "I") gaaraysaa in la ballamay ee geedi socodka of isdhexgalka interindividual. Aragti interactionism calaamad muujinaysa in ay calaamad u macnaheedu kartaa shay, dhacdo ama arrin, waxayna ku lug leedahay qaar ka mid dareen-celinta aadanaha, waxa uu, kaas oo lagu sheegi karaa in hawlaha bulsho qaarkood ku haboon in dabeecadda. Intaa waxaa dheer, calaamad - waa hab by taasoo dadka ula xiriiri karaa oo la macaamilaan kuwa kale. calaamad interactionism in cilmiga ku salaysan fasiraadda ee dhaqanka aadanaha, taas oo ah calaamado "lagu arki karo" in lagu qaado macluumaad macne leh dadka.

mudnaanta ugu weyn ee Mead John. waa uu horumariyo door-ciyaaro aragtida shakhsiyadda, sida laga soo xigtay taas oo qofka, ay asalnimada iyo sifooyinka gaarka ah waxaa la go'aamiyaa iyadoo iyada eedeysanuhu doorka bulshada iyo hawlaha qofka ay dhacdo in tani ay tahay isku-dar ah iyada doorka bulshada, ayaa lagu qabtay dalka nidaamka luqadda calaamadaha kana kale calaamad u nidaamyada. Habka carruur ah oo ka mid ah doorka bulshada ee qofka uu yeesho inuu is - awooda qofka in uu iska soo bandhigaan sida shayga uu fikirka.

jiritaanka aadanaha ee dhinaca horumarinta leeyahay laba heer:

1) Marxaladda ee ciyaarta, marka ilmuhu bilaabo inuu door aan isaga u gaar ah (macalin, dhakhtar, pilot);

2) stage tartanka, marka ka qeyb qaadanaya tartankan, ilmaha isaga qudhiisa ku arko indhaha caruurta kale ka.

Kasta oo koox bulsho . Kuwee siinayaa qofka dareen ah urur, J. Mead oo ku baaqay in this: "guud oo kale." shaqsi kasta oo isaga qudhiisu arko marka la eego "kale oo guud."

raacsane A iyo xer ah saynisyahan American John Mead. Herbert Blumer horumariyo ka postulates aasaasiga ah ee aragtida ah. By G. Bloomer interactionism calaamad ku salaysan yahay saddex mabaadi'da asaasiga ah:

1) Man ugu dhakhsaha badan u dhaqmaan oo ku saleysan qiyamka, oo uu siiyo ku shayada, dhacdooyinka iyo ifafaale, halkii ay si fudud u dhaqmayso dhiirigelin dabiiciga ah iyo bulshada dibadda;

2) qiimaha calaamad aan sida go'an, joogto ah, pre-diyaariyey, sida loo abuuray, xuubsiiban iyo isbedelka isdhexgalka,

3) qiimaha calaamad yihiin natiijada daawaynta fuliyay xaallada dhexgalka (dhexgalka).

In shuqulladiisa G. Bloomer ka fiirsan si faahfaahsan dabeecadda guud ee dadka, taas oo ku salaysan yahay qiimaha caadiga ah, calaamado, rajooyinka la-wadaago by koox bulsho. Tani waa inta badan dabeecad damiir leh shakhsiyaadka kooxda, laakiin dabeecadda group mararka qaar lama filaan ah, sida tallaabada badnaa, argagax, iwm Habdhaqankan waxa dhici kara in xaaladaha xadgudubyada qiimaha aqbalay, foomamka caadiga ah ee jiritaanka. G. Bloomer, oo ay la socdaan kooxaha lama filaan ah ayaa sidoo kale bartay foomamka deggan ee dhaqanka bulshada - dhaqdhaqaaqyada bulshada, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa iyo nooleynta qarannimada, iyada oo qaab-dhismeedka urur cad oo la aasaasay oo ku saleysan qiyamka caadi ah.