Taariikhda oo ka mid ah baabuur GAZ-34

Wax yar ka hor dhicin dagaalkii la Nazi Germany ee Automobile Gorky ee Plant bilaabay horumarinta gawaarida casriga ah. Madaxa xafiiska design waqtiga ahaa avtokonstruktor halyeeyga VA Grachev.

baabuur noocooda GAS-34

All mashiinka noocooda horumariyo waa set oo ah qaybaha gudaha iyo dibadda ee isku celceliyo, oo wakhtigaas ayaa loo arkaa horumar xad sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo this, tayada hawl baabuurta ayaa dad badan waxaa loo doonayaa. Oo haddii ee baabuurta fudud laga lahaa laba oo ulahooda wareejiya, iyo dhan-wheel drive, guulaha qaar ka mid ah ay ahaayeen sannadaha guudahaan, gaari xamuul ah GAZ-63, si gaar ah loogu talagalay baahida ciidanka, wuxuu noqday a mass-soo saaray - horumarinta dheeraad ah oo adag lagu daydo saddex-dhexaad ha liidata dalacsiiyay.

By dhamaadka 1939 giringiriyey off gaari ciidan noocooda triaxial GAZ-33, kuwaas oo lahaa 6x6 ah. Laakiin model this ahaa mid aad u culus oo waxaa lagu ogaaday in haboonayn in la isticmaalo xaalado off-road iyo baraf qoto dheer. Work on mishiinka ayaa la joojiyey, oo waxaa iyaga la xidhay oo laba qeybood oo design of GAZ-32 iyo GAZ-34.

nadiifinta dhalashadii labaad

isku day kale si ay u sii daayaan xamuul ah oo saddex-dhexaad la sameeyay bartamihii 1940-. Habka haystay Calaamadayn isku - GAZ-33, laakiin sidoo kale waxa in laga takhaluso oo ka mid ah khasaaraha culayska guud ee gaadhiga, awoodda engine iyo permeability, oo sidaas ku guuldareystay. Waxa uu ku wareejiyay on dhamaystirka ee Moscow. Warshad Moscow magacaabay ka dib markii Stalin, halka horumariyo gaari ciidan ay qaabeeyey daydo wax amaahisaan-kirada ah zis-151.

Waxa ay ahayd labaatankii sano kaliya labo ka dib, inta lagu guda jiro abuurka ah light-gaari cusub GAZ-66, iyo dib u bilaabay shaqeeyaan gaari triaxial dhul GAZ-34. niyad dheeraad ah dib u ah ee horumarinta noqday gaari xamuul ah bonneted ZIL-131 oo cusub, kuwaas oo waxaa la sameeyey by tartamaya Muscovites. In uu doonayo in uu ka soo hor jeedaa in uu gaari ciidan model Gorky.

The "tallaabo" marka hore

Abuuritaanka cagaf cusub ciidanka GAZ-34, oo awood u waday xamuulka ah oo miisaankeedu yahay ilaa saddex tons, waxay bilaabeen in 1964. Laga bilaabo 1 July ee isla sannadkaas ee gaariga in la dhiso wax soo saarka serial ah GAZ-66 - cabover gaari laba-dhexaad. GAZ-34 oo dibadda ahaa mid aad u la mid ah walaalkiis laba-dhexaad. Farqiga u jiifay oo dherer ah guud ahaan iyo joogitaanka dhidibka saddexaad.

Markaas, 1964, waxaa yimid model tijaabada hore, oo gadaashiisana laba gaadhi, laakiin shaqaalaha - xirfad leh. Waxay soo xirtay cab ah oo ku saabsan 66-ka, kaas oo sidoo kale ku dangiigsadaan oo, si ay u helaan engine ah. Oo naadi qaadashada hawada taagan in ay dar dheeraad ah - siman, ka gaaban. wangsan oo noocan oo kale ah on weliba qolalkii hoose serial 66aad ma ahaa.

Lahaanshaha baaritaano warshad maray, labada baabuur ayaa la socda in dibad, marka hore in ay 25 ka dibna 50 Km kun..

saddex GAZ-34 la beddelka qaar kale oo ka iman off line shirkii 1967. Iyo dhamaadka December 1968 waxaa maray labada tijaabooyin intra iyo military.

Tiro ka mid ah qaybaha iyo shirarkeeda iyo qol iyo superstructure samaynta 34-ki model-soo-saarka midaysan la GAS-66A, la siiyaa xarig culeys lugu koriyo ah. P4-ka ayaa sidoo kale ku qalabeysan yahay nidaam u qaadday sharciyaynta cadaadiska gudaha banjarin, taas oo ka dibna si wadajir ah ula xarig culeys lugu koriyo ah rakibay on GAZ-66-02, ganacsi laga heli karaa warshadda tan iyo 1968dii.

GAS-sooc 34 magac gaar ah ay adag tahay sababtoo ah waa dad isuga ee xamuulka oo kala duwan, oo aan soo saaray oo kaliya at dhirta Gorkovsky.

Afar gaari xamuul ah in mid ka mid

GAS asalnimada-34 ma kala duwan yihiin, sida in design gaariga ka qaybgalay isla markiiba 4 baabuur. Sidaas, ka wax soo saarka ee model, GAZ-66 ah , wuxuu helay:

• 115-hooras vosmiklapanny baatrool engine,
• buundooyinka taasoo keentay in ugu weyn geerka of hypoid nooca;
• Farqiga calaamadaha;
• Daadiyeen giraangiraha nidaamka vosemnadtsatidyuymovymi;
• durbaan nidaamka kala jejebiyey,
• isteerinka xooggiisa;
• qol a double,
• Laba Haamaha Shiidaalka la mugga a of kasta 210 litir;
• xarig culeys lugu koriyo.

Sababo la xiriira kororka argument loo baahan yahay payload ah, iyo sidoo kale miisaanka guud ee sii kordhaya ee qaab-dhismeedka gaari 34 lahaa Ki ka mid ah unugyada aasaasiga ah iyo xubno isugu gudbiyo ka soo saaray baabuur gaari Moscow. Waxay ahayd qiyaas loo baahan yahay, sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ay awoodaan wakhtigaas si ay u sameeyaan load noocan oo kale ah ay ahaayeen.

Zil-130 "siiyey" xajin 34-ke isagoo qaab-dhismeedka-hal saxan.

Laga soo bilaabo gaariga ZIL-131 wuxuu helay:

• gear shan marxaladood, afar ka mid ah taas oo (marka laga reebo ugu horreeyey) ayaa la siiyaa synchronizers;
• wareejiyo kiiska la laba marxaladood iyo suurtagalnimada of deactivating dariiq dhexaad hore;
• driveshafts.

From ZIL-157 GAZ-34 amaahatay:

• shaqsi drive dariiq dhexaad gadaal, dhajinta on ganaax shan-dheeli tiran oo la dhigay fallaadhihii cardan iyo taageero dhexe;
• marsho PTO.

Laakiin waxaa jiray GAZ-34 Tilmaamo farsamo in ay la kala saaro baabuurta kale.

Tilmaamo asalka ah

Tan oo dhan oo ka mid ah shan baabuur in la soo saaray Automobile Gorky ee Plant, ayaa laga soo ururiyey by gacanta, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah lahaa nooc ka mid ah ay dabeecad u gaar ah, oo waxay u leexatay in cabir ah.

Inta u dhaxaysa faasas oo ulahooda wareejiya (hore iyo dhexe), masaafada u illa inta u dhaxaysa 2 mm oo waa ka 3 453 ilaa 3 455 mm. At wheelbase bogie sidoo kale lagu sameeyaa la firdhinta of 5 mm oo ahaa 1 245 - 1250 mm. Khilaaf ku cimri eeg loading dhaxaysey 6 425-6 435 mm. width track giraangiraha hore ahaa ka 1810 mm in 1815 mm. Rear - 1 750 - 1 755 mm. Ansixin ka yar buundooyinka dhaxaysey 306 in 312 mm. miisaanka Gross baabuurta, iyo sidoo kale is khilaafeen dhaxaysey 8260 in 8820 kg (miisaan waddada of 5 tan oo 150 kg). Cabirka intaas oo dhammu waxay ka mid warbixinta rasmiga ah ee natiijada imtixaanka.

Intaas waxaa sii dheer, GAS-34 ayaa ah jir Spar elongated cod, sidoo kale madal loading asalka jidh-birta oo dhan. Inkasta oo madal ay leedahay width la mid ah sida GAZ-66 (2050 mm), oo dhererkiisu waa ka weyn yahay gudaha 800 mm, iyo waxay ahayd 4100 mm.

On madal waxaa lagu rakibay kursiga keydka-laabanto - 2-3 gogo '. Janjeeri ku qalabeysan yahay daaqadaha dhawrid iyo qaybood hawo.

Marka la barbar dhigo ku-ZIL 131, oo ay tartan ugu weyn, 34-ka soo baxay arrin is haysta iyo miisaanka yar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ZIL weli wax badan gaaska awood badan.

End GAS-34

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in gaari ZIL-131 badiyay awoodda, oo uu ku talinayaa in Soon ee adeeg ciidanka. Imtixaanka on taas oo shaqaalaha gaaska qaada (27 dadka waqti a), noocyo kala duwan oo naf dhibkeed jiiday ilaa miisaankeedu yahay 2.5 tan iyo xataa jiido diyaarad An-24, ogol yahay Guddiga si ay u qiimeeyaan dabeecadihiisa wanaagsan.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gaari xamuul ah ciidankii Soviet ma aanan arkin, sababtoo ah dhirta Moscow ee 1967 bilaabeen saarka serial ah ZIL-131. Kaas oo, marka isku mid ah oo xuduudaheedu waxay ahayd ma aha oo kaliya ka xoog badan 34-ki, laakiin sidoo kale ka badan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sayidka, bilowgii jidka nolosha Zil-131 ku shubtaa on the final cross-GAS 34.