Strontium 90: Half-nolosha. Strontium - radionuclide

In 1787, aan ka fogayn Strontsian u dejinta Scottish anigoo ah ee ka fiirsato ee hogaanka kor loo helay in waqti macdanta aan la garanayn. In sharaf of tuulada waxaa la strontianite magacaabay. Oo magaca saynisyahano strontium element kiimikada siiyey in sharaf of this macdanta. Waa maxay astaamaha ay ka badan walaxda waxtar yeelan kara ama halis?

The waxbarashada koowaad ee strontium

Ka dib markii ay saynisyahano strontianite aaneeyey macdanta si kala duwan. Qaar ka mid ah u maleeyeen inuu u sugnaaday fluorite ah, dadka kale - in witherite. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax yar ka dib ka badan Hufnaan ku saabsan arintan ayaa la keenay by hop T. farmashiyaha Scottish. Markaas ma waxaa la og yahay in walax imtixaanka waxaa laga yaabaa in a bar-nolosha. Strontium ayaa sidoo kale shayga waxbarasho ee farmashiyaha Lavoisier ah, iyo Gemfri Devi. gacan weyn ka helay ee wax this ayaa sidoo kale soo gudbiyeen saynisyahan Ruush Toviem Lovitsem. Waxa uu eegin dhigooda Western, muujisay joogitaanka biraha this ee Spar culus.

qayb ka mid ah aragtida. Waa maxay badhkiis nolosha?

Qof walba waa ogyahay in radionuclide ah oo lagu magacaabo radioisotopes maanta. Waa maxay bar-nolosha? Radionuclides waxaa kala duwanaayeen ka soo walxaha kale ee in ay yihiin xuduntii degganayn. Muddo ay dumin - geeddi-socodka ah ee bololka shucaaca. Inta lagu jiro habkan, xuduntii waxaa lagu beddelay isotopes kale, oo sidaas warshadu hawada ku of rays shucaaca. radionuclides kale waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo Degenaansho. Waxaa jira isotopes muddo kooban ah oo muddo dheer ku noolaa. suuska muddo kooban ah si dhakhso ah: tani ku dhacdo seconds, maalmood ama bilood. Waayo, boqolaal muddo dheer loo baahan yahay, kumanaan, ama xitaa balaayiin sano. Sida badan loo qaaday ama isotope kala badh ka mid ah mukhaadaraadka, waxaa mar walba loo baahan yahay muddo waqti go'an - waxa la yidhaahdaa waa bar-nolosha.

Waa maxay badhkiis nolosha of strontium-90?

Sida la og yahay, ee radionuclides iyo isotopes waa mid aad u halis ku ah caafimaadka ee walxaha. Sida strontium, isotopes ay deggan ficil khatar u lahayn in ay aadanuhu. Laakiin isotopes radioactive awood u baabbi'iyeen oo dhan nolosha. Sababta in mid ka mid ah noocyada ugu khatarsan ee strontium - Sr-90 - waa khatar ah - waa in ay bar-nolosha. Strontium-90 Geedda ka badan 29 sano, iyo habkan waxaa had iyo jeer la socda in la sii daayo of xaddi badan oo shucaac. element waxa uu leeyahay awood u leh inay si deg deg ah lagu daro nidaamka of noolaha iyo metabolized.

sifooyinka strontium

Strontium hawada si dhakhso ah uga jawaabo biyo, daboolay xabagta film huruud ah. In foomka lacag la'aan ah, element this aan la helin ee dabiiciga ah. Its kayd ugu weyn waxay ku yaalaan Russia, Arizona, California (USA). Strontium waa bir jilicsan - Way fududahay in la jaray mindi fudud. Laakiin heerkulka barafku ay waa 768 ° C. Alloys kuwaas oo ka kooban waxaa ka mid ahaa strontium, loo isticmaalo in pyrotechnics. Iyo sidoo kale element this waxaa loo isticmaalaa inuu ka soo kabsado uranium.

mudida of strontium ee noolaha

Sida laga soo xigtay guryaha kiimikada ay Strontium waa mid aad la mid ah calcium caadi ah - element this waa ku dhawaad ah analog oo dhanba. Strontium-90 waxaa aad si degdeg ah shubo in lafaha, ilkaha, iyo sidoo kale in cabitaanno ah. In suuska ee element ah ayaa sidoo kale la aasaasay yttrium-90 taas oo uu leeyahay bar-nolosha aad u gaaban gabadhii isotope. Strontium in dhimaya aan la leh yttrium-90, kaas oo Geedda in kaliya 64 saacadood marka la barbar dhigo karo.

Yttrium-90 dhaadheer kartaa qayb ka beta. Waxa kale oo si dhakhso ah u saameeyaa lafta iyo waa mid aad xasaasi u ah oo uu dhuuxa lafaha. Under saameynta ay shucaaca awood badan ku shaqeeyo wax kasta oo nool lagu isbeddellada jirkooda la taaban karo. Beddelidda Halabuurka cell, qaab-dhismeedka gacanta ayaa sidoo kale si xun u dhibtay, taas oo keenta in isbedel ku-shiid. Sidaa darteed, su'aashu waxay inta bar-nolosha ee strontium-90, ma aha oo aan waxtar lahayn. Ugu dambeyntii, tani waxay keenaysaa in kansarka unugyada dhiigga (leukaemia), iyo lafo. Oo weliba waa inay awoodaan inay saamayn xoog leh ku dhismeedka of DNA iyo genetics.

xawaare ah ee faafinta ee dabiiciga ah

Infakshanka strontium-90 dhacdaa waqti gaaban, sida ay leedahay bar-nolosha aad u gaaban. Strontium la aasaasay ka dib markii dhibaatooyinka dabiiciga ah technogenic kala qaado oo silsiladihii buu cunto noolaha maxaa yeelay waxa ay sumaysaa dhulka iyo biyaha. Isotope sidoo kale si fudud u guskiisa galay mareenka-mareenka xayawaanka iyo bini'aadanka. strontium-90 dhulka si deg deg ah uu galo jirka xoolaha, dhirta, ka dibna jirka ka mid ah dadka ku qaadato cunto ku wasakheysan. ka isotope Marka taa laga reebo waa awoodaa ma aha oo kaliya in la burburiyo shaqeeyo gaar ah, laakiin sidoo kale ah qaloocsan gudbiyaan Faracoodii ay. Strontium-90 waxaa sidoo kale la isugu gudbiyo ka soo caanaha hooyada ilmaha.

isotope Tani ayaa si firfircoon uga qayb-shiid dhirta. Waxay alaabtii helo ciidda dhex xidido. Xaddi aad u badan oo strontium uruursado noocyada kala duwan ee dhirta sida digiraha, xididdada iyo tubers. In aadanaha, strontium ururayaa inta badan in lafaha. Iyadoo da'da, tirada ilaa strontium hoos. In ragga, isotope waxay ururiyaan ka badan haweenka.

The isotopes ugu halista badan

Oo ay la socdaan cesium-137 Strontium-90 waa mid ka mid ah sunta shucaaca ugu khatarta badan iyo ugu awoodda badan isagoo ka bar-nolosha si degdeg ah. Strontium-90 waxaa inta badan la sii daayay deegaanka iyadoo ay sabab u shilalka ee Quwadda Nuclearka iyo imtixaanada nuclear. xaalada ayaa ah mid qasan xaqiiqda ah in joogitaanka isotope waa mid aad u adag in la ogaado, oo xataa baarka ciidda. Si ka duwan cesium, shucaaca gamma la ogaado taas oo ah mid aad u fudud si loo ogaado Sr-90 content ee ciidda loo baahan yahay ugu yaraan asbuucii.

Inta lagu guda jiro muunad daraasaddan ee ciidda ama saynisyahano beeraha gubay si gaar ah, oo kaliya in ka dib markii aan ka hadli karaa haddii uu jiro in strontium saamiga this. Habkani gabi ahaanba waa aan ku haboon marka aad u baahan tahay si ay u aqoonsadaan xaddiga isotope nuugo by jidhka bini'aadamka. Waayo, ogaanshaha saynisyahano Belarus ku Been koofiyad gaar ah, diiwaan shucaaca beta ah.

strontium-90 la xiriira element

The ugu dhow in hantida saaraysa yihiin macdanaha cesium-137 iyo strontium-90. The bar-nolosha ee 30 sano waa cesium-137. Marka masiibooyin shucaaca, labadan xubno si ay u abuuraan tirada ugu badan ee dhibaatooyinka. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay cawaaqib xun ee cesium gamma-firfircoon shilka Chernobyl uu saas eed badan strontium. Marka la eego badhkiis nolosha walxaha kuwan, waxaa la odhan karaa in ay jiraan waa in ugu yaraan lix boqol oo sano ka hor in zone Chernobyl waa laga tegi doonaa isotopes kuwan.

The bar-nolosha isotopes Features

Waayo, walax kasta oo si adag u qeexay isotope bar-nolosha. Strontium-90 ayaa muddo 28 sano ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani micnaheedu ma aha in dhammaan atamka ay baabi'i doontaa ka dib 56 sano. Sidoo kale kaalin ka xaddi hore ee isotope ah. Inta lagu guda jiro burburkii of qaar ka mid ah strontium lagu bedeli karo, jeestay galay xubno ka fududee. Haddii badhkiis nolosha of strontium shucaaca waa 28 sano, taas macnaheedu waa soo socda.

Iyada oo muddo this waqti ka lacagta hore ee isotope waxay noqon doontaa bar. Xitaa ka dib markii 28 sano - quarter ah, iyo wixii la mid ah. Waxaa soo baxday in strontium sumayn karaan deegaanka muddo tobannaan sano. saynisyahano Qaar ka mid ah ayaa lagu soo koobay lambarkan si ay u muujiyaan in bar-nolosha ee strontium - 29 sano. Iyada oo muddo this of time waa qeybtii walaxda, laakin waa ku filan si ay u strontium faafay oo meel fog ka baxsan shilka.