Sida macallinka Kanada abuurtay basketball

Marka la barbardhigo edbiyo sida loo jecel yahay kooxda sida kubadda cagta, ciyaarta xeegada iyo baseball, waxaad fartaan Wannaagga si tartiib tartiib ah, basketball ku leedahay muuqashadeeduna in hindisa keliya, malana. ciyaartan ayaa ku dhashay mahad James Naismith, oo macallin ka ah jirka waxbarashada North American. Dabcan, maanta xeerarka kubada kolayga asalka u habaynta iyo in la hagaajiyo, raagayaan kaliya mabaadiida ugu weyn ee ciyaarta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in ay ka badbaaday 13 xeerarka marka hore, ku daabacan laba bog teeb lagu qoray. Waa wakhti ay ku dhexgalin taariikhda ciyaarta caan ah.

qaboobuhu adag ee North America

Dzheyms Neysmit shaqeeyay macalinka waxbarashada jirdhiska ee Springfield dugsiga tababarka caalamiga ah iyo ardayda sababtoo ah cimilada oo liita ay inta badan lagu qasbay inay tababar ma dariiqyada, iyo jimicsiga. Kooxda loo baahan yahay jimicsi halis ah, iyo layliyada sugeysayna in hall si deg deg ah caajisaan. Xitaa shuruudaha modified hordhigayo kubada cagta aan na badbaadin karin xaaladda. Sannaddii in, magaalada Springfield (Massachusetts) waxaa qariyey baraf horay dayrta goor dambe. On waddooyinka hirarkii caalin in careysiisay qof walba: ardayda caasi ah, iyo meelo madaxda ah.

Laba todobaad ka been abuurtay

Our geesi, inkastoo uu dhalinyarada, iyo sannaddii labaad oo mustaqbalkiisa wax bara, waxaa loo yaqaan innovator ah. Ma aha la yaab leh in uu ku Aaminto alifay ee ciyaarta, taas oo uu u nuugo doonaa tamarta karka ardayda inta lagu jiro bilaha jiilaalka. All kaliya labo todobaad waxaa la siiyey oo dhan.

Saddex shuruudaha aasaasiga ah

Marka hore, hooyo 31-sano jir ah oo Kanada bartay waayo-aragnimo ah ee ciyaaraha kale ee kooxda, si ay u qaataan iyaga oo kaliya ka ugu qiimaha badan. In view of innovator waxay ahaayeen kubada cagta, baseball, xeegada, rugby iyo lakrooska. Kubadaha ciyaaraha waa in aan dhaawac ciyaartoyda (ay weli u leeyihiin in ay helaan aqoon), halganka awood ee u dhexeeyay kooxda ay xafiiltamaan ee waa in lagu hayaa in ugu yaraan (dhaqsiyaha badan lammaane la isugu gudbiyo), iyo sidoo kale ku meelaynta ee giraanta marna laabi wax fudud, sidaas daraaddeed ayaa saddex shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee ciyaarta cusub waxaa soo minguuriyey.

"Duck on Rock ah"

None of kooxda caanka ah ee qarnigii 19aad, kulan aysan ku dhammaataan ku habboon shuruudaha Naismith. Oo markaas tababaraha yeeri sida sida ilmo qaba wiilasha ee dayrka, waxay inta badan ku lahaa ciyaaro xiiso leh "duck on dhagax weyn ah." xeerarka way fudud yihiin: ciyaaryahan lahaa si aad u hesho dhagaxa dushiisana ah "dhagaxyada" (. weyn ee size ee dhagaxa) Sida ilmo, hindisa mustaqbalka ee basketball fahamsanahay in guusha ma aha mid ka mid ah oo dalkeeda ka sii adag, laakiin mid ka mid ah ka heli doontaa jidka tuuro kaamil ah. Waxay ahayd on gacanta wiilka, maxaa yeelay, wuxuusan cadaato xogta cabbiraadda jirka cajiib ah, inkastoo uu ahaa cajiib ah waliba dhiifoon oo xoog badan. Sayidka, play ilmaha wiilasha Canadian ahaa aasaas u ah nooc cusub oo isboorti.

maalin beerta

December 21, 1896 Dzheyms Neysmit bariyeelay gym dugsiga qalabka jimicsi, gelin boosteejo ah oo ka samaysan alwaax, kaliya kubad cagta ah. Markaasuu wuxuu weyddiistay waardiye inuu keeno laba sanduuq oo ku deldel balkoonnda. Laakiin halkii sanduuqyada nin keenay dambiil ah fersken hoos. Aan ka saareen hooseysa, Naismith xaqiijisatay ah "qalab" hoose ee balakoonka on dhinacyada ka soo horjeeda ee hoolka. Farsamada yaabka leh laygu, height this - 3 mitir 5 sentimitir - weli waa in xeerarka kubada kolayga ee iska beddelin. Business for yar: tagay si ay u ururiyaan kooxda.

alifay ayaa sababay ardayda iyo iyagii u kala qaybiyey laba kooxood, kuwaasoo mid walba uu ku jiray 9 dadka. ciyaartoydiisa ayuu siiyey kubada cagta ah, oo wuxuu tusay ee dambiilood oo jajab ka, kaas oo la qodbay dhamaadka kasta oo hoolka. Next Naismith ka hadlay sida fikradda ah: Kooxda kastaaba wuxuu lahaa inay ku tuuraan kubada ee dambiisha ka soo horjeeda. dhamaatay Garsoore ka dhawaajisay, oo taariikhiga ah, ee ugu horeysay ee adduunka, ciyaarta kolayga bilaabay.

kulanka ugu horeeya ee

Waxaa lagu dhawaaqay xukunka kaliya, qof u fariisaneyno balakoonka iyo laab hoos kubada xayiran dambiishii ugu wada in ay dhacdo tuuro sax ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maqnaanshaha tilmaamo ciyaaryahan si deg deg ah oo horseeday in dhibaato. Dhalinyaradu go'aansaday in aad cagihiinna ka bilaaban karo ama qaadan madfac ka soo furtay cadowga. Naismith ma haysan waqti ay ku kala ardaydooda. Dagaal kubad ahaayeen si qallafsan iyo rabshad, in mid ka mid ah da'yarta ee ciyaarta ugu horeysay kasbatay "garabka, halka mid kalena uu ku reebay. "Waxa ay aheyd sida dagaal wadada ama dagaal aan sharciyada" - sida dambe loo aqoonsaday mid ka mid ah hindisa hawada ee kubada kolayga.

Naismith filayaa failure ka dib markii kulankii hore. Bal qiyaas la yaab markii wiilasha hareereeyeen iyada mentor oo waxay bilaabeen inay baryaan inuu mar kale u ciyaaro. Inkastoo Cusuriyada, ciyaarta kubada cusub ku shuqloonyihiin Nicmo dhallinyarada. Sidaa darteed, macallinka u lahaa in ay si deg deg ah soo bandhigo xad aad u daran. Dhowr maalmood ayaa la qaatay in la hubiyo in macalinka dhaqanka jirka horumariyo 13 xeerarka la daabacay on xoghayaha laba bog. Information, waxaa la go'aamiyay si ay u xusaan derbigii gym ku saabsan. Sayidka, ciyaaryahan kasta ayaa ka go'an in ay xadhko ku.

hordhaca ah ee xeerarka

Xeerka ugu muhiimsan ee ahaa in ciyaaryahanka kubada, ma la weeraray karo. abuurnimo Tani waxay kaa caawin lahaa inuu ka fogaado dagaallo iyo dagaal. ciyaarta Next muujisay in Naismith ku fekerayey in jihada saxda ah. Ciyaartoyda bilaabeen inay gaaraan go'aan degdeg ah in si deg deg ah ayuu caawiyey iyagii dheeraad ah u dhaqmaan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee qalad Col haysta kubada, weli. Naismith arkay hordhaca ah ee nidaamka ka mid ah oo lacag la'aan ah oo dalkeeda, laakiin tagay fikrad this markii uu ogaaday in ardayda si deg deg ah u yaqaaniin farsamo ee fulinta.

Dheeraad ah, hindisa ah ayaa wajahay tartan cusub, ciyaartoyda difaacaneysa si deg deg ah xaqiiqsadeen in xeeladaha of qalad yar oo bixiya saami. Sidaas darteed, in lagu qasbay inay soo bandhigto sharci ah oo lagu ciqaabo qalad-ka kooxda. Ciyaartoyda ayaa lagu reebay in ay ku riday horjeeda tallaabo, riix, garaacid, qaban horjeeda oo looga hortago oo duudduuban soo galay goolka. Markii hore, ciyaarta ka koobnaa laba qaybaha 15-daqiiqo. Sayidka, maxkamad iyo qalad, tilmaamaha ugu horeysay ee ciyaarta kubbadda kolayga ayaa helay.

Magaca ciyaarta

Waxaa dhiirigelintiisa lahaa ardayda soo jeediyay ciyaarta cusub oo lagu magacaabo "Naismith-ball." Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hindisa ah ma doonayaan in ay ku qasbi inlay in uu qofka u gaar ah fiiro, oo soo jeediyay magac kale oo ka kooban labo erey - «kubada dambiisha», taas oo macnaheedu yahay "dambiil-ball".

dib u eegista wanaagsan ee saxaafadda

dadweynaha guud noqday ogyahay ciyaarta cusub ka dib markii daabacaadda articles laudatory in edition caanka ah ee Saddex Xagalka The. Tan iyo February 15, 1892 oo ku saabsan basketball bartay oo dhan of America. Lifaaqsan article 13 ee sharciyada (marka qof ka taageerayaasha ciyaaraha qaybo kale oo dalka ka doonayo inuu u ciyaaro kubada kolayga ee uu waqtiga firaaqada ah.) Gebogebadii, qoraaga maqaalka ku nuuxnuuxsaday sharafta ciyaarta cusub: kobcinta fikirka istaraatiijiga ah iyo horumarinta hoose-dhexe ee muruqyada ka dhigaya kulankaan kubad fiican tababarka .

Naismith maaxdey si deg deg ah qabtay on goobaha kale ee ardayga

Basketball American College faafin sida ugaar. Waxaa laga yaabaa in ay jirto ma cayaaraha kale, kor u qaadidda taas oo dhici lahaa sidaas si degdeg ah. waxaa jeclaada anshaxa cusub soo gaaray by gabar. Going to goobta, ka ciyaartooy ayaa ku labisan blouses iyo surwaal. Waxa ay u muuqataa kulankaan ka badan ayaa haweenka ka badan kubada cagta si adag yahay.

Sida macalin u noqday tababare

Dabcan, Dzheyms Neysmit ma ka kaca basketball ma joogo. Horeba in 1898 uu kiraystay tababaraha koowaad ee kooxda University of Kansas basketball. Intii uu talada hayey tababare ee hindisa basketball uu lahaa si uu u daawado Isbadal 13 xeerarka. dambiilood oo jajab ka dambayntii hoose ayaa lagu reebay, ka dibna gebi ahaanba bedelay siddo shabaqa; free gana waxay noqdeen qayb muhiim ah oo ciyaarta, iyo Gambis (tayo) muuqday 1901. Marka hore, sida ay xeerarka tirada Naismith ciyaartoyda kala duwanaan karaan 3 ilaa 40. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qol yar hoos ciyaartoyda si deg deg ah ay ogaadeen in uu u ciyaaro 5 5 - waa ku haboon.