Phloem - waxa uu yahay waxan? Function, qaab-dhismeedka of phloem, xylem duwan

Phloem - waa nooc gaar ah oo ka mid ah unugyada dhirta. In luqadda Giriigga ereyga macnihiisu waa "jilif". Sida ay inta badan waxaa lagu magacaabaa phloem. Phloem - dhar ah kaas oo suuqa kala iibsiga ee nafaqooyinka in xubnaha geedka. Waa maxay qaabka ay tahay? Sidee gaadiidka ee nafaqooyinka? Waa maxay kala duwan ka xylem ah?

Samaynta unugyada dhirta: xylem iyo phloem

Wixii gaadiidka ee macdanta iyo biyaha in qaybaha kala duwan ee geedka loo baahan yahay dhar tabinta. Waxay ka kooban tahay laba nooc oo ah unugyada adag - phloem iyo xylem.

Xylitol sidoo kale loo yaqaan qoryo iyo phloem - Anyway. Waxay caadi ahaan ku yaalla dhaw kasta oo kale oo ay u sameeyaan alwaaxdii saqafka ah tabinta (sidoo kale loo yaqaan buunshada vascular). By heshiis labada dhinac ah xylem iyo phloem dhaadheer dhawr nooc oo dhar tabinta:

1. Kollaterialnye (tissue ku xiga si kasta oo kale oo ka qayb ka mid ah axial ee jirka geedka ku yaal meelsha).
2. Bikollaterialnye (xylem hareereysan laba qaybood phloem).
3. -Gashan (marka xylem wareegsan qeybsanaan phloem iyo ku xigeenka).
4. Jeexdin (marka phloem iyo xylem ee gacan dhacdaa striping).

Dhismaha phloem ah

phloem warshad - nooc gaar ah ee marada tabinta, taas oo loo baahan yahay in ay u gudbiyaan nafaqo, la sameeyey iyadoo ay sabab u photosynthesis, in xubnaha geedka, halkaas oo ay ku waxaa loo isticmaalaa. By nooc ka soo jeedo u qaybsan yahay noocyada soo socda:

• hoose (faraqa of procambium);
• sare (aasaasay of cambium).

Ay farqiga ugu weyn waa in tube wadnaha-qaabeeya maqan ee phloem hoose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay ka kooban gacanta waa isku mid.

Phloem ka kooban oo ka mid ah noocyada unugyada soo socda:

• shaandho (siiyaan wakiilada kala iibsiga hoose oo aan nuclei cell);
• sclerenchyma (adeegtaan si ay u taageeraan);
• parenchymal (function gaadiidka radial yar).

feature ugu weyn ee unugyada shaandheeyo - joogitaanka daloolada gaarka ah ee darbiyada unug. Waxa ay asal ahaan wali ma cadda. channels ayaa la damacsan waxyaabaha callose shaandho (polysaccharide), taas oo gaari karaan iyaga oo ku. Callose occlude laga yaabaa in channels ee unugyada, tusaale ahaan, marka dhirta waa in waji lagu nasto ee xilliga qaboobaha.

gaadiidka phloem

Phloem - dhar ah, kuwaas oo lagu waday ayaa xal u xoog of Consort (inta badan sucrose) aasaasay oo sabab u ah photosynthesis. Intaa waxaa dheer, ku wareejiyay assimilates iyo metabolites, laakiin at uruureen hoose. Heerka kala iibsiga mass gaaro dhowr tobanaan sentimitir saacadiiba.

Kala beddelashada walxaha waa la fuliyay by xubnaha meesha nafaqooyinka waxaa si firfircoon sameeyay, in qaybo ka mid ah dhirta, halkaas oo ay ku waxaa loo isticmaalaa ama Hase yeshee. Walxaha firfircooni wareejiyo xididada, caleemaha, caleemaha soo baxaya, xubnaha taranka, tubers, nalalka, rhizomes.

Sidaas darteed of tijaabo, cilmi ogaaday in gaadiidka waa la fuliyay by hay'adaha deeqda bixiya kuwa qaybo ka mid ah dhirta in ay yihiin ugu dhow iyaga. Intaa waxaa dheer, kala iibsiga ee walxaha waa laba geesood ah. Sidaa darteed, dhirta ee xilliyada kala duwan ee xilli sii kordhaya gaari karaan nafaqo ama u qaataan.

Phloem: function

Photosynthesis dhacdaa chloroplasts ee caleemaha, iyadoo ka qaybgalka iftiinka qoraxda. badeecada, biyaha iyo xal kale oo macdan nuugo by xididada dhirta gabi ahaanba waa lagama maarmaan u ah hawlaha unugyada oo dhan. Phloem - waa dhar ah oo bixiya ay translocation. socodka Madaafiic qaybaha kala shaandheeyo ka meelaha cadaadis hydrostatic sare ay soo maraan meelaha ay qiimo yar yahay. Sidaa darteed, shaqo ugu weyn ee phloem ah - gaadiidka.

Si ka duwan xylem ka phloem ah

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in xylem iyo phloem qabtaan hawlo la mid ah oo ku jira dhaw, waxay leeyihiin kala duwan. Guuritaanka in walxaha xylem oo ka soo jeeda xididka in caleemaha. Waxaa intaa dheer, unugyada dhismaha noocan ah dhar Waxyaabo vascular, tracheids, macdantaa oo parenchyma qoryo. Xylem waa lagama maarmaan u ah kala iibsiga oo biyo ah oo ay la socdaan nafaqooyinka kala diri.

Sidaas phloem - waa nooc ka mid ah unugyada vascular geedka. Waxay u adeegtaa in ka xubnaha geedka, halkaas oo ay ku sameeyay firfircoon ah kuwa qaybo meesha ay ku hayaa ama baabbi'iyey wareejiyo nafaqooyinka. Phloem ka kooban yahay saddex nooc cell - shaandho, sclerenchyma iyo parenchymal. Unugyada shaandho function gaadiidka ugu weyn shaqeeyaan daloolada gaar ah oo ay leeyihiin nuclei lahayn.

Transfer of walxaha la fulin karo in labo jiho, iyo xawaaraha mararka gaaro dhowr tobanaan sentimitir saacadiiba. dhar kale tabinta, la mid ah ee shaqada si phloem ah, xylem waa. Laakiin farqiga ugu weyn ee been in xaqiiqda ah in xylem qaada kaliya hal jiho (oo xididdada ka si ay caleemaha) biyaha macdanta kala diri.