Savannas iyo dhul-dhireed: qoreysa deegaanka dabiiciga ah

ka casharo juqraafiga Oge mabaadii'da hoose, inta badan ardayda ee isku cod sheegaya in savanna iyo dhul-dhireed - .. Waa isla aagga dabiiciga ah sida taiga ah, steppe, Dhuldhoobo, cidlada, iwm article Tani waxaa loogu tala galay in la siiyo fikrad guud oo dheeraad ah la hubo, iyo cad ee Utah iyo dhireed.

meel juquraafi

Sidaas daraaddeed, Utah iyo dhul-dhireed - degaanka dabiiciga ah, kaas oo laga heli karaa oo kaliya goobaha juqraafiyeed qaarkood. Waxaa si weyn loo qaybiyey goobaha subequatorial labada barka, iyo meelaha yar yar ku yaalaan ee subtropics iyo kulaalayaasha. More hufan, waxay juqraafi ahaan ku taalla nus ka mid ah qaaradda Afrika (oo ku saabsan 40% ka mid ah aagga oo dhan). Ma-dhireed wax caadi ah oo savanna iyo sidoo kale in South America, meelaha waqooyiga iyo bariga Asia (tusaale ahaan in Indochina), iyo sidoo kale in Australia.

Inta badan waa meel la qoyaan ku filnayn, waayo, willing to koritaanka caadiga ah. Sida caadiga ah waxay bilaabaan in ay "horumar" qalbiga qaaradda.

Zone Utah iyo kaynta. Features cimilada

Waayo, inta badan goobaha dabiiciga ah sababta ugu weyn ee xoolaha ee sifooyinka, flora iyo xaaladda ciidda waa, ugu horreeya oo dhan, cimilada, iyo heerkulka si toos ah iyo isbedel heerkulka (labada qaafiyad iyo xiliga la socota).

Iyada oo ku saleysan sifooyinka kor ku xusan ee goobaha juquraafi ahaaneed ee Utah, waxaa macquul ah in ay ku tirinnaa in loogu talagalay oo dhan xilli ee sannadka lagu gartaa hawada kulul halkan, kaas oo u dabaal jiilaalka hawada qalalan kulaylaha xagaaga, on lid ku ah, waxaa ku badan Equatorial qoyan. Takhalusid Xogta laga helay meelo ka mid ah suunka Equatorial, siday u kala horreeyaan, saamaynta on hoos u xilli-roobaadka si ay ugu yaraan 2-3 bilood oo leh dabeecad waxaa 8-9. Ma yara deggan isbedel heerkulka xilliyeed - waxaa xaddidaya faraqa ugu badnaan waa 20 darajo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farqiga u maalin kasta waa mid aad u ballaaran - ka gaari karin kala duwan ee sida ugu badan ee 25 degrees.

ciidda

Dawladdu waxay of ciidda, ay bacriminta waa si toos ah ay ku xidhan tahay mudada xilliga roobka iyo waxa lagu gartaa leachability sare. Sayidka, u dhaw in ay Dhulbadhaha iyo kaymaha Equatorial of zone dabiiciga ah ee savannas iyo dhul-dhireed, oo taasu waa dhulka, lagu gartaa content sare ee carrada cas. Meelaha xilli-roobaadka waxay qaadataa 7-9 bilood, carradu ugu jira ferrallitic. Meelaha la xilli-roobaadka ee 6 bilood iyo ka yar Sava carradu "taajir" red-brown. Meelaha slabooroshaemyh la roob ku dhacaan oo keliya muddo ah laba ilaa saddex bilood, la sameeyey ciidda ku haboonayn kula lakabka ah oo aad u khafiif ah oo humus (humus) - ilaa 3-5% ka mid ah ugu badnaan.

Xitaa ciidda sida hawlohiisa ah, ayaa codsatay in ay hawlaha aadanaha - ugu waxtar leh oo ka mid ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa daaqa xoolaha iyo dalagyada kala duwan koraya, laakiin ay sabab u tahay isticmaalka aan habooneyn oo ka mid ah goobaha ay horeba ku cayroobay leexdo xagga meelaha daallan iyo lamadegaan, awoodin in sii bartey in ay ku quudiyaan dadka iyo xayawaanka labadaba.

Biota

Si ay u noolaadaan xaaladaha kacsan sida, xayawaanka u baahan tahay inuu la qabsado deegaanka, sida runtii dhamaan gobolada kale. Savannas iyo dhul-dhireed la yaab dubato hodan. Tusaale ahaan, in Africa meelaha savanna deggan yahay inta badan nuujiya: .. gariga, wiyil, maroodi, 'gisida, waraabe, haramcadka, iyo libaaxyo, Soo bixitaanka xulka, iwm On dhulka ee South America, waxaa jira anteaters, armadillos, gorayada, rheas, iwm tiro badan yihiin .. iyo tirada shimbiraha -. waa shimbir caan xoghayaha, gorayada Afrika, Sunbird, cantalyaagu, iwm In Australia, "dadka deegaanka" ee savannas iyo dhul-dhireed waa kangaroos oo ilma adeer ah ay marsupial, dingo duurjoogta ah. Geedo daaq u haajiraan inta lagu jiro abaarta meelaha wanaagsan siiyay biyo iyo cunto, Jidka by kaas oo waqti isu noqdaan waxyaalaha (aad iyo aadanaha) ugaarsadaan bahal ugu. Common ee savannas iyo Kadalaan.

In sharaxaya ah flora ee ah deegaanka dabiiciga ah, sida savannas iyo dhul-dhireed, ma suurtowdo in aan ku xuso ku saabsan baobab ah - dhirta la yaab leh, sida Geel aad ku ururto kaydka biyaha ee ay jirridda. xoolaha ayaa sidoo kale qudhac caadi ah, epiphytes, geed oo timir ah, quebracho, geed cacti, iwm ... In times of abaarta, kuwa badan oo iyaga ka mid ah huruud, way engegaan, laakiin imaanshiyaha roobab deegaanka oo dhan sida haddii mar kale dhalan oo mar kale awood u yimid ururin xoog iyo diyaariyaan abaarta soo socota .