Ruush Black Sea Fleet: ka kooban oo liiska maraakiibta

dhacdooyinkii 2014 Ka dib markii Crimea mar kale soo jiitay ee ma aha oo kaliya Russia, laakiin sidoo kale, laga yaabee, dunida. Oo ma aha oo kaliya in fadeexad siyaasadeed ee u dhexeeya labada dal - Russia iyo Ukraine. Oo ma aha in swiftness wixii Russia ayaa lagu qabtay howlgalka Crimean. Iyo in ka dib markii soo laabtay oo ka mid ah Crimean Ruush Black Sea Fleet ayaa helay nolol labaad.

Waa wax qarsoodi ah inta lagu guda jiro sano ee lahaanshaha by Ukraine xeebaha Crimean horumarinta Crimean si wayn u daahisay, iyo ilaha dhaqaale ka khasnadda dawladda ee dayactirka ah ee Jasiiradda qoondeeyey aad u yar. Tani waxay sidoo kale saameyn ku saldhigyadii ciidamada badda ee Crimean ah. Maqaalkani waxa uu isku dayaan in ay sharaxaan waxa rajada of Russia uu leeyahay si ay u horumariyaan Badda Madow Fleet ee Jasiiradda Crimean.

Balaklava bay. A yar oo taariikh

Waxaan ogahay xagga taariikhda in si duurka sida Crimean hoostiisa lahaanshaha ee Russia u timid, waa in markabka Balaklava Bay Ruush Black Sea Fleet la geeyay. Tan iyo 1776 Balaklava Greek lugta guuto ayaa waxaa ku yaal meeshan. The salaysan guutada this ahaayeen waddanka u soo guurey, fallaago ka qaybgalayaasha protivoosmanskogo on jasiiradaha Badda Aegean ka. Waa in la ogaadaa in ugu Tsarina Catherine Wayn, waxaa la xusay in ay raalli Gariigta ah geesi.

Laga soo bilaabo 1853, in 1856, intii lagu jiray dagaalka Crimean, Balaklava bay oo la qabtay by ciidamada British. Oo intay jeesteen ayay in ka Balaklava Bay oo saldhig military oo, dhab ahaantii, hore u dhigay baxay weerarada iyo taageero military joogay hareeraynta of Sebastopol.

In kala qeybinta raxan u dhexeeya Ukraine iyo Russia sida August 1994 Black Sea Fleet ee Crimea lahaa guud ahaan Brigade a 153rd iyo 155th ee Qaybta 14-kii.

In Division 475 th lahaa 14 quusta th weyn iyo 9-dhexdhexaad iyo sabayn quusta saldhig.

Laakiin waa inaan sheegaa in gujiska "Zaporizhia" (Project 641), ku wareejiyey si Ukraine inta lagu jiro kala qeybinta raxan ah, ku soo koobin farsamada ee database ahaa habboonayn.

Oo ka dib markii horyaalka of raxan ah, ayay soo diray inay guraan ee dayactirka, kaas oo weli isku dayaysa in ay qabtaan ciidamada badda ee Ukraine ka.

Ka dib markii Ruush Navy 1995 ugu danbeyn biyo ka tagay Ukraine, saldhig Balaklava la hakiyay. Oo iyada dhabta ah "Milkiilayaasha" waxay ahaayeen ugaarsato biraha ferrous cuntrooyinka, sida saldhigga ayaa inventory weyn ee qalabka iyo mishiinada.

Oo ka dib markii muddo kooban oo waqti marka Badda Ruush Black Fleet biyaha dhulka Ukraine tagay, saldhig Balaklava ahaa hortooda ah iyo qaracan.

Sidoo kale waa shay ka mid ah sahaminta magaalada iyo gacanka noqday geedka hoostiisa ah ee dib u soo celinta iyo dayactirka ee quusta Black Sea Fleet. saldhig Top-qarsoodi ah waxaa si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa by Midowga Soofiyeeti xilligii Dagaalkii Qaboobaa iyo sida dukaan hubka nuclear.

Isticmaalka hagaagsan ee saldhig qarsoon, laakiin si ay u fuliyaan tours dalxiis saldhigga gujis ciidamada, maamulka Yukreeniyaan kama dhex helin.

Waxaa qaybsan Badda Madow Fleet

Heshiis ku saabsan cayn kasta oo shuruudaha Ruush joogista Black Sea Fleet in biyaha iyo dekedaha ee Ukraine dhulka la saxiixay Kiev on 28 May 1997, ku salaysan heshiis dawladda. Sidoo kale lagu qeexay shuruudaha kala Badda Madow Fleet iyo degsiimooyinka la xiriira kala qeybinta this. documents ayaa la sheegay inay ka bixinin by Duma State iyo Baarlamaanka Ukraine ee 1999

Heshiiska ayaa ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah in kala qaybin ee Ruush Black Sea Fleet iyo Navy Yukreeniyaan ah. saldhigga ugu weyn iyo xarunta, waxaa la go'aamiyay in uu ka tago Sevastopol. muran hantida A lahaa in la qaado heshiis account on qeybinta hantida. Russia sidaas tegey 87,7% iyo Ukraine - 12.3%, oo weelasha oo dhan.

Muddadaas oo dhan waxa isku hagaajiyaan xaaladda sharciga ah ee Badda Madow Fleet iyo ciqaabtooda xiga, dabcan, si xun u saamaysay dagaal awoodda. Qaar badan oo ka 1991 ilaa 1997. dhacdo arkaa xaqiiqo ah in Badda Madow Fleet Russia waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah laakiinse hubaal dhimanayaan.

Black Sea Fleet Milicsiga

Isbarbar dhigga ee ka kooban tiro muddada this lama xoojin karin, niyadda shaqaalaha ah.

Sidaas daraaddeed, is barbar dhig tirooyinka.

1. raxan Badda Madow ee 1991:

- Shaqaalaha - 100 kun oo qof ..

- Tirada maraakiibta - 835 dhammaan fasalada jira:

• quusta - 28;
• Gantaal markab - 6;
• Cruiser anti - 2;
• darajo Girkooda II, ku dumiyey iyo maraakiibta roondada II fasalka - 20;
• TFR - 40 cutub,
• yar doomo gantaal iyo Markabka - 30;
• hodonka ah - 70;
• Maraakiibta amphibious - 50;
• Aviation Naval - in ka badan afar cutub.

Maraakiibtan Ruush 2.Chernomorsky ee 1997:

• Tirada shaqaalaha - 25 kun oo qof .. (Ay ka mid yihiin 2 kun. Man in diyaaradaha dagaalka iyo Marine Corps).
• Tirada maraakiibta - 33.
• Of diyaaradaha ee raxan ah - 106 (kuwaas oo 22 Dagaalarnay).
• gawaarida gaashaaman - 132.
• posts Command - 16 (80).
• goobaha Isgaarsiinta - 11 (39).
• goobaha adeegga Electronic - 11 (waxay ahayd 40).
• Waxyaabaha gadaal - 9 (50).
• goobaha dayactirka Ship - 3 (7).

Under qaybta 1997 ee Navy Yukreeniyaan ahaa:

• Maraakiib dagaal - 30.
• Quusta - 1.
• diyaarad dagaal - 90.
• Maraakiibta Ujeeddada Gaarka ah - 6.
• hubinta Maxkamadda - 28 cutub.

xaaladda ay ku sugan Badda Madow Fleet

Black Sea Military Fleet of Russia ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa oo weli mid ka mid ah arrimaha ugu waaweyn ee xasiloonida iyo ammaanka ee tilmaamaha badda socda koonfurta. Maraakiibta dagaalka Black Sea Fleet kaliya sameeyaan wax walba oo suuragal ah si loo hubiyo in shaqooyinkaasi waa kuwan on soohdimaha Badda Madow iyo Mediterranean-ka.

Laakiin raxan Badda Madow waa ay awoodaan in ay qabtaan hawlaha dagaalka iyo sidoo kale in gobollada kala duwan ee badda.

Maraakiibta Black Sea Fleet Ruush in ay si guul leh u qabtaan hawlo Badda ee Japan, iyadoo lala kaashanayo Fleet bari. Maxkamadda kooxda ka soo qayb galay hawlaha gaadiidka dayactirka raxan gaadiid hubka kiimikada Suuriya in Badda Mediterranean-ka.

Si joogto ah si loo hubiyo in Maraakiibta Black Sea Fleet ku guulaysteen inay caqabado ah la dagaalanka burcad badeeda.

Kordhinta heerka dagaal

Crimea noqo dhismeedka of Russia shaki la'aan ay xoojin doonaan dagaalka ee Badda Madow Fleet ah. Russia ku salaysan qorsheeyay fursad u helay in ay si wanaagsan u horumariyaan Navy ku saabsan u saarney Crimean.

Ciidamada badda ee waxaa lagu qori doonaa Crimean, nidaamka isku dhafan, oo ay ku jiraan iyo saldhigyadii dalka. Ruush Black Sea Fleet ayaa helay saldhigga ugu weyn hoy maraakiibta - Sevastopol.

mabaadiida aasaasiga ah ee nidaamka hoy ku salaysan iyo kaabayaasha badda - isku-filnaanshaha iyo ka shaqeynayaan. Waxaad u baahan doontaa in aad dib-u qalabayn Maraakiibta dusha meel-ku-saleysan iyo quusta, ciidamada difaaca xeebaha oo dhan lagama maarmaan si ay u bixiyaan adeeg dhameystiran iyo nolosha.

List of maraakiibta Black Sea Fleet

Buug-soo bandhigaysaa xog faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan taas oo aan ku qiyaasay karaa waxa Ruush Black Sea Fleet maanta.

Maraakiibta dusha mushaharka soddonaad qaybinta:

• Ilaalada markab gantaalada "Moskva".
• "Kerch" - Markab antisubmarine waaweyn.
• Hay'adda markabka "Sharp arkayay".
• Markabka Ilaalada "OK".
• Markabka Ilaalada "xiiso leh".

Halabuurka The maraakiibta degtey Brigade ka 197th:

Maraakiibta amphibious Large:

• "Nikolai Phylchenkov".
• "Orsk".
• "Saratov".
• "Azov".
• "Novocherkassk".
• "Kaysar Kunikov".
• "Yamal".

Halabuurka The of 68 th Maraakiibta Brigade Guard:

Maraakiibta antisubmarine Small:

• "Aleksandrovets".
• "Muromets".
• "Suzdalets".

hodonka ah Badda:

• "Kovrovets".
• "Ivan Holubec."
• "Turbinist".
• "Ku-xigeenka Admiral Zhukov."

quusta:

• "Rostov-on-Don" - B237.
• "Novorossiysk" - B261.
• (Is badel "Zaporozhye") - B435.
• "Alrosa" - B871.

doonyood oo gantaalaha 41aad Brigade:

• "Bora".
• "Sandstorm".
• "Deji".
• "Ciise Muse".

Halabuurka ee 295-th qeybinta Sulina ah:

doonyood oo gantaalaha:

• "P-60".
• "P-71".
• "P-109".
• "P-239".
• "Ivanovets".

Halabuurka The of Brigade ka 184th (Novorossiysk)

Maraakiibta Antisubmarine:

• "Povorino".
• "Yeisk".
• "Kasimov".

hodonka ah:

• "Zheleznyakov".
• "Valentin Pikul".
• "Ku-xigeenka Admiral Zakhar'in".
• "Macdanta Biyaha".
• "Lieutenant Ilyin."
• "RT-46".
• "PT-278".
• "D-144".
• "D-199".
• "D-106".

Waxaa ma u leeyihiin in ay raadiyaan goob xarunta dhexe ee Badda Ruush Black Fleet waxaa lagu qori doonaa. Sevastopol ahaa ugu haboon for this (in meel ka mid ah halkaas oo, ilaa March 19, 2014 ayaa lagu soo daabacay iyo xarunta dhexe ee ciidamada badda ee Ukraine ka).

Rajada laga qabo horumarinta raxan-gujiska

Ka dib markii maxkamadaha ee qaybta Badda Madow hub la gujis ah - naaftada "Alrosa".

Si aad u taariikhda, Russia uu leeyahay barnaamij in ay laasho gujis awoodda ciidamada qalabka sida ee Badda Madow Fleet. Saamaynta hirgelinta dadaalladaas, Russia ee Black Sea gujis Fleet arki doonaa mar hore 2016.

Waqtigaa dhamaystirka filayo lix quusta cusub naaftada. Tani waxay badalkooda of raxan-gujiska qoto dheer u beddeli doonaa dheelitirka ee ciidamada Badda Madow.

BSF hadda awood u yeelan doonaan si ay u xaliyaan dhibaatooyin kala duwan oo moolka dheer quuska iyo in la abuuro kooxo si loo gaadho ahdaafta dagaalka.

taariikhaha gaadh Gashaan quusta way kala duwan yihiin. Tusaale ahaan, mar hore 22 August 2015 ee St. Petersburg ayaa la sara kiciyey by calanka St. Andrew ee gujiska naaftada-korontada "Novorossiysk". Ka dib markii a baaritaan-buuxa ku kala duwan badda of Northern Fleet ah, iyadu lahaa shaki la'aan la faray in ay goobta of a guriga muddo dheer.

gujis saddexaad ee taxanaha ah ee weelal Badda Madow Fleet barnaamijka 636 - "Stary Oskol" - ayaa la bilaabay on August 28, 2015 Ka dib markii ay qaab iyo gobolka ee imtixaanka adag "Stary Oskol" meeshiisii qaadan doonaa qayb ka mid ah Badda Madow Fleet.

Laakiin sidaas maaha oo dhan. Sii dhamaystirka of qolof-gujiska, "Krasnodar" oo la dhameystiro bilaabay "Rostov-on-Don".

Waxay waa la dhigi doonaa laba quusta mashruuca si loo xoojiyo gujis Black Sea Fleet - "Kolpino" iyo "Novgorod Great The".

All 6 quusta barnaamijka "636 naaftada" - korontada iyo ilaa 2016 ay waxaa loo wareejin doonaa Ruushka Black Sea Fleet. Shaqaalaha ka mid ah maraakiibtooda quusta, kuwaas oo la aasaasay oo loo tababaray in xarumaha tababarka ciidamada badda ee.

diyaarad sagxad-ku-saleysan

Dabcan, ka raxan Badda Madow waxaa waajib ku ah in ay diyaarad lagu sharraxaa buuxa. Haddaba waxaa suurtagal ah in la kordhiyo heerka of raxan cusboonaysiinta duulista badda. Waxaa la qorsheeyey in la beddelo diyaaradaha Su-24 ee cusub ee Su-30 MS.

Waxaa kaloo muhiim ah in aan la iloobin in Crimean waa go'an gaarka ah ee threads. Sanado badan, diyaaradaha diyaaradaha side-ku-saleysan ee Fleet Northern ee Crimea ay saxar xirfadaha ay ugu adag this gaar ah.

Sidoo kale sii kordhaya heerka of dayactir of raxan ka jira Badda Madow Fleet. Waxaas oo dhan u ogolaan doonaa in ay gaaraan heer loo dejiyay oo la siiyo diyaaradaha Ruush Black Sea Fleet. Halabuurka ee diyaaradda diyaar u ah inay u qabtaan hawlgallada dagaalka in uu noqdo muddo 80% ka mid ah lacagta loo baahan yahay.

Recreating nidaamyada ku salaysan

Waxaa la moodayay in ay cilinta on Crimean Peninsula ah, nidaamka guri in la kulmi doonaa shuruudaha oo dhan, waayo, waxqabadka hawlgallada dagaal ee gobolka.

saldhig Home waxaa ku sugan Sevastopol, ee alaabta la mid ah la geeyo ee Badda Madow Fleet la gayn doono.

Shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee nidaamka meelaynta ku salaysan waa in ay madax-bannaani dhammaystiran oo ku saleysan shaqeynta iyo isku-filnaanshaha. Dekedda, halkaas oo Ruush Black Sea Fleet waxaa lagu qori doonaa, oo sideeda oo doonniyihiina, dusha sare iyo quuska labadaba, waxaa lagu siin doonaa wax walba oo aad u baahan tahay si ay u fuliyaan adeeg dhameystiran iyo nolosha.

Sidaas dhirta ee Crimean ah in wakhtiga ugu gaaban ayaa laga soo kicin doonaa meelaha wax soo saarka sida in kulmi lahaa shuruudaha casriga ah iyo teknoolajiyada. In si ay u adeegi Maraakiibta cusub, taas oo ay yimaadaan on the raxan Badda Madow Ruush, bilaabmaa bedelka hay'daha qalabka cusub ee mashiinka.

Haddaba, ganacsiga federaalka dhexe ee Sevastopol macno soo noolaaday. Waxaa la cusboonaysiiyey laba markab gujis anti-badan oo Northern Fleet (oo ay qayb ka mid ah guddi-howleed ee Navy ee badda Mediterranean ka jira).

Sidoo kale at warshadda ay ka shaqaynayaan in la dayactiro gujis naaftada ah "Alrosa". Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa la ogaadaa in mushaharka shaqaalaha ayaa keenay heerka dhan-Ruush.

Haddaba Ruush Black Sea Fleet ee Sevastopol heli saldhig dayactirka casriga ah.

shaqo la mid ah loo sameeyo in Novorossiysk barnaamijka federaalka beegsaday in uu socon doono ilaa 2020. Under barnaamijka, waxa uu siiyaa dhismaha Novorossiysk meelaha la geeyo ciidamada Black Sea Fleet. In si la mid ah, iyo sidoo kale Sevastopol, dekedda leh deked yar dayrka dhif, hubaal noqon doonaa mid kale oo la geeyo goobta dagaalka, oo doonniyihiina Ruush iyo quusta.

qalabaynta maraakiibta for Badda Madow Fleet

Si loo hubiyo badbaadada ee navigation ee gobolka Badda Madow, Badda Madow Fleet hydrographers kala duwan badan oo hawlaha. Waxaa lagama maarmaan noqon doona in la sameeyo daraasado dhamaystiran oo ka mid ah biyaha xeebta, taasoo keeni doonta in sixitaanka ee maps navigation ah. maraakiibta sahan Hydrographic BSF hubi hawlaha nidaamka navigation radio, raaceen by dayactirka iyo casriyeynta.

kakan oo dhan xagga shuqullada weyn u saameeya nabdoonaanta ee navigation ee gobolka in, markeeda, aamin doono Russia ayaa raxan Badda Madow, wuxuu ka kooban yahay maraakiibta waxaa si joogto ah updated.

Sidaas daraaddeed, si ay u qalabayn ku quusta quuska adag iyo Markabka dushiisa Black Sea Fleet dhammaystiri doonaa lix iyo weelashii, oo shaki la'aan ku yeelan doonta saamayn togan ku awood difaaca iyo u oggolaadaan in ay qabtaan hawlaha ma aha oo kaliya in meesha masuuliyad, kaas oo u ogolaanaya Badda Madow Fleet, laakiin sidoo kale dibadda.