Quduuska ah Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra: taariikhda, sharaxaad iyo saacadaha shaqada

Si ka duwan Macaabidda Yuhuud badan, kaas oo ka dhacay biday hoygii, Alexander Nevsky keniisad waxaa la aasaasay raaca kiniisadda. Magaca meelaha quduuska ah ee la xidhiidha dhacdooyinka muhiimka ah ee taariikhda Ruush. In 1240 Grand Prince iyo Taliyaha Alexander Yaroslavovich guul weyn in dagaalka la Sweden on River Neva, waayo, wixii uu odhan jiray Nevsky. Later canonized by Church Orthodox sida Russia weli Sokeeye.

Si aad u taariikhda, Alexander Nevsky Trinity Quduuska ah Lavra, saacadaha shaqada taas oo ah mid aad u sahlan tahay booqasho, waa meel aad u caan ah oo dalxiisayaal Ruush iyo ajaanibta.

jeer boqortooyada Peter waxaan ee

Taariikhda aasaasay rasmiga ah ee Trinity Quduuska Alexander Nevsky Lavra waxaa loo arkaa inay March 25, 1713 - Maalinta la huriyo Church ugu horeeyay ee ka samaysan alwaax of Annunciation ah. Sida laga soo xigtay ilo taariikhiga ah, aasaasihii keniisad Nevsky ahaa Emperor Peter ah I. caanka Waxa uu ahaa kuwaas oo in 1702 amartay dhismaha si ay u bilaabaan meel ka River Black (hadda magaca Monastyrka) qulqula Neva ah. Waxa uu kormeero dhismaha iyo nidaamka of Archimandrite Theodosius. Dhigaayo dhismayaasha waaweyn ee ku lug Domenico Trezzini - dhise Talyaani iyo injineer. In mustaqbalka waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Laurel Alexander Neva arkaa galidoonaan dhan ah dhismayaasha dhagaxa ah u amro dhexeeya madow iyo webiga Neva. qorshe dhalashada labaad Trezzini nolosha jiiday on sanado badan. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, ka dhismaha weyn ee keniisad la'aantiis, ayaa waxaa u muuqday magaalo yar oo la guryo, beero, xeryaha, dhagax ah, smithy ah. Waxa kale oo jira dugsiga kaniisad la furay, taasi oo markii dambe waxaa loo beddelaa seminary ah, iyo ka dib in akadeemiga. The Mala'igtu of Aleksandra Nevskogo ayaa noogu soo wareejiyay Vladimir caasimada cusub ee Russia September 12, 1724 by amar Petra Velikogo. Tani maalin ee Ruush Orthodox Church dabaal ilaa haatan. Taliyaha weyn noqday sokoeye ka mid ah caasimada cusub ee laga sameeyey dalka Ruushka, si kastaba ha ahaatee, sarcophagus lacag weyn loo soo wareejiyay inta lagu jiro xilligii Soviet u Hermitage, halkaas oo uu yahay (aan Mala'igtu) maanta.

muddo synodal

Ka dib markii Domenico Trezzini, naqshada sare dhismayaasha kaniisadda ahaa Ivan Starov, kaas oo wax badan ka beddeli in ikhtiyaarka kaliya, aad bay u ballaariyo dhulka ee dhismaha. In 1797 keniisad la salaan kal rank ee Lavra. Waqtigaas, Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra (St. Petersburg) may ahayn oo kaliya ee ugu weyn dalka, laakiin sidoo kale mid ka mid ah ugu taajirsan ee.

xilligii Soviet

Intii lagu guda jiray kacaanka, dadka daryeelka commissar A. M. Kollontay doonayay in loogu badalo keniisad guriga ah mujaahidiintii naafada galay. Koox ka mid ah baxriyiinta waxaa tegey January 19, 1918, waxaa la kulmay koox cadhaysan of parishioners. Bolsheviks wuxuu lahaa u Dumayn. Sidaas darteed, waxaa jiray amar si ay u joojiyaan maal kaniisadda ka miisaaniyadda gobolka. Perigee ee horumarka, kuwaas oo ahaa amar ku kala kaniisadda iyo dawladda. In 1922 keniisad la dhawaad "si sharci ah ku dhacay" ee gaajoonaya. Asheeraah Silver halkaas oo Mala'igtu Aleksandra Nevskogo, oo la furay iyo wareejiyay Hermitage ah, oo waxay isku awood u wareejiyay Museum Fund Gobolka. Laga soo bilaabo barta in Alexander Nevsky Lavra ee St. Petersburg sii wadaan in ay ku shaqeeyaan ilaa 1932, halka suufiyadoodii oo dhan la xiray. Sannad ka dib, keniisad la xidhay oo la habayn ee kaniisadda, iyo in 1936, adeegga waxaa gebi ahaanba la joojiyey. 20 sano ee soo socda ee keniisad ah yaaliin kala duwan ee hay'adaha cilmaani ah, oo kaliya 1957, adeegyada ayaa dib u bilaabay. The Mala'igtu ee taliyaha ku soo laabtay ay meel loo eeliyaa kaliya ee 80s soo daahay.

Necropolis ah Trinity Quduuska Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Lazarevskoye qubuuraha

Lavra ee St. Petersburg caan ku tahay necropolis ay, halkaas oo ah been dad badan oo caan ah ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay - qorayaasha ah, Guud, saynisyahano. Markii hore, waxaa jiray nin xabaalo - Lazarevskoye, aasaasay inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Peter I. sharaf ayaa lagu aasay halkan la siiyay kaliya hodan yihiin ama si fiican u yaqaan dadka ee dalka. Si aad u taariikhda, oo dhan tombstones, taxadiri, wada karfano maran yihiin ee qiimaha taariikhiga weyn. Waxa kale oo ay hoy u crypt qoyska of Tirada caanka Sheremetyev ah.

Tikhvin qubuuraha

Waqti ka, qabuuraha Lazarevskoye ka noqday mid aad u hawadu ku, iyo waxaa la go'aamiyay in midkiinba midka kale, oo la yidhaahdo Lazarevskiy New furo. xuduudaha Clear, waxay heleen oo keliya ee qarnigii 19aad, markii la soo lifaaqay by derbigooda dhagaxa ah. Ilaa waqti isku mid ah qubuuraha cusub ee Trinity Quduuska Alexander Nevsky Lavra waxaa magacooda loo baxshay in Tikhvin. Tani waxa ay ahayd sabab u ah dhismaha xabaashii qabuuraha of Icon ee Hooyada Tikhvin Ilaah. Aaska in qubuuraha cusub waxa sidoo kale la magacyada tirooyinka caanka ah ee dhaqanka, fanka iyo sayniska dunida. Xagga dhexe ee aaska qarnigii 20aad oo laga helay Xabaalaha Tikhvin joogsatay, oo waxaa dib beerta xusuus.

Nikolskoye qubuuraha

qabuuraha saddexaad gayiga Nevsky Alexander ka keniisad waxaa la furay sanadkii 1863. Tan iyo markii ay soohdinta reer necropolis la ku yaal Nicholas Church, qabuuraha laftiisa ayaa loo magacaabay Nikolsky. qubuuraha cusub waa xoogaa ka duwan dhigooda. Waa midda koowaade, in dhulkeeda chapels badan dhisay qaab jir Ruush. Marka labaad, marka lagu daro ka taxadiri caadiga ah iyo xabaalaha, waxaa jira Sidaana iyo busts dadka lagu aasay naxaas badan. Saddexaad, Nikolskoye qabuuraha oo kaliya in guri keniisad ah, taas oo aan ka helay xaaladda matxafka. Waxay ka shaqaysaa ilaa maantadan la joogo, laakiin kaliya dhowr ka mid ah kuwa ugu dadka caanka ah ee aannu mar waxaa la siiyay sharaf ah ay ku nastaan dalkan quduuska ah.

Sannad kasta ee St. Petersburg soo jiidata dalxiisayaasha iyo dad sodcaal badan. Ujeedada ay yimaadaan - Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra. Saacadaha ay furan yihiin kuwo aad u sahlan tahay kuwa doonaya in ay ku raaxaystaan quruxda iyo xasilloonida meeshan. cathedral u furan yahay ka 6.00 ee 20.00, dhulka Lavra ka 5.30 si 23.00.

Taariikhda iyo bandhigaan

nooleynta nolosha iyo cibaadada kaniisadda in derbiyada keniisad la bilaabay in qeybtii labaad ee 90s, oo sanadkii 2000 dhismayaasha oo dhan ayaa lagu wareejiyey si Sheeko. At keniisad ah laba kaniisadood oo loogu talagalay by aabbihiis iyo ina Trezzini ee 1717-1722 iyo 1742-1750, siday u kala horreeyaan; cathedral neoclassical sharafta leh, la dhisay 1778-1790 on mashruuca Ivana Starova oo heegan ah in Trinity Quduuska ah, iyo qaabab badan oo yar yar. Halkan waxaa ku Xabaalaha ka Lazarevskoye iyo Tikhvin, halkaas oo la ilaashaa xabaashii ornate Mihaila Lomonosova, Aleksandra Suvorova, Nikolay Karamzin Modesta Musorgskogo, Petra Chaykovskogo, Fedora Dostoevskogo, Carlo Rossi iyo dad kale oo caan ah. Si aad u taariikhda, Nevsky keniisad - meel caan ah oo dalxiisayaal ah iyo dad sodcaal ah. Taariikhda dhacdo ee Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra qof walba u sheegto Hanuuniyaa Orthodox. keniisad waa refectory iyo qolka shaaha, halkaas oo aad ka dalban karaan cunto kulul kooxaha Xajka iyo dad sodcaal ah shaqsi ah. Waxaa sidoo kale dhisay saddex hotels oo aad kiraysan kartaa guri raaxo leh oo la awoodi karo. Si aad u taariikhda, keniisad ka shaqeeya adeegga Xajka, kaas oo masuul ka ah ururka ee dalxiisyada labada gayiga keniisad laftiisa, iyo kaniisadaha iyo macbudyo ee St. Petersburg.

Dhalashada of Alexander Nevsky Lavra

In 2013, Church Orthodox ah u dabaal-guuradii 300aad tan iyo maalintii marka Trinity Quduuska Alexander Nevsky Lavra ee St. Petersburg ayaa waxaa la aasaasay. tirec ay dhacdadu bilaabay March 25, 1713, kuwaas oo, Ilaahnimadu ay liturgia ugu horeysay ee derbiyada macbudka. Inta lagu guda jiro dabaal of dhan walaalihiis, madax ka ah taliyaha Church ee israac ah. Cibaadaysanaya dhegaystay hambalyo Metropolitan Vladimir, kaas oo dadka ugu baaqay in ay meeshan quduuska ah, taas oo ah xarunta ruuxiga ah ee dhan ee Russia sii.

xaqiiqooyinka oo xiiso leh

Like meel kasta oo jirka ah, Nevsky keniisad samreysa qarsoodiga iyo xujooyinkooda. Halkan waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh oo la xidhiidha taariikhda iyo horumarinta ee Nevsky Alexander ku Lavra.

1. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in guri keniisad la aasaasay at kaalinta meesha Alexander Nevsky adkaaday Sweden, asal ahaan ayaa loo magacaabay "Victoria".
2. Orthodox Academy ee St. Petersburg taariikhda dib ugu soo laabtay dugsiga, dhisay on dhulka ee guri keniisad oo ka go'an in uu mar kaliya carruurta sheekh.
3. The Mala'igtu of Aleksandra Nevskogo, kuwaas oo gaadiid aagga keniisad xitaa inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada Peter aniga iyo waxaa lagu kaydiyaa la joogo, xilligii kacaankii laga saaray iyo wareejiyay Museum Gobolka.
4. In muddo post-kacaan daran, wadaadada badan oo soo gaartay gacmaha Bolsheviks ah - waxay ahaayeen labada shot ama la xiray.
5. In 1918, in xukuumaddu ay go'aansatay in ay qabsadaan dhulka keniisad iyo u isticmaalaan baahidooda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ayuu u soo diray go'id ka hor parishioners iska caabin aan horay loo arag oo lagu qasbay in ay gurto. Ka dib markii dhacdooyinkan, adeegga ay socotay 15 sano oo kale.
6. Mid ka mid ah guulaheenna macbudyo ayaa weli kuma jiraan in ay hanti iyo waa museum magaalo.
7. Dhismaha adag taariikhiga socday muddo ku dhow boqol sano. Inta lagu jiro design iyo dhismaha macbudyo iyo kaniisadaha soo qayb galay injineero iyo waxdhisayaashii waqtiga badan si fiican u yaqaan.

dhacdooyinkii u danbeeyay

Iyada oo dhawaan sida September 12, 2016, Quduuska ah Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra ee St. Petersburg, abaabulan derbiyadeeda gudahood iidda "giraanta Neva". Damaashaadka ayaa lagu tiriyaa in ay kala iibsiga ee Mala'igtu Aleksandra Nevskogo oo bilaabay salaadda caadiga ah dhaqanka. xafladda waxaa ka soo qeyb ka dawan-ringers ugu fiican ee Russia iyo dibadda iyo dhagaystayaasha ku faraxsan inuu xirfad. Intaa waxaa dheer, fiiro gaar ah kuwa la joogo waxaa lagu soo bandhigay filim ku saabsan dawannadii waxay. In qaybtii ugu danbaysay ee qof fasaxa ma ahan oo keliya naftaada wici karto dawan, laakiin sidoo kale in ay ka dawan-ringers fiican ka heli fasalka macallinka.