Natalia Goncharova - Biography artist iyo sawirka

Natalia Goncharova - rinjiile aan la taaban karin, taas oo ah arrin dumar tahay dhif ah wax-uqabso. Her nolosha iyo shaqada waa laga fekerayo cad-dhalan-rogga ee horumarinta bulshada iyo dhaqanka ee qarnigii 20aad. farshaxankiisa iyada oo hadda ay ka qiimo lacag aad u badan, laakiin waqti iyada waxaa ku silciyey tan iyo dhaleeceeyay ay view gaar ah oo adduunka ah.

Childhood oo asal ahaan

Natalia Goncharova ku dhashay June 4, 1881 tuulada gobolka Ladyzhino Tula ee guryaha ee uu ayeeyo, oo aan ahaa ka fog Yasnaya Polyana. Aabbanimada Natalia aado nooca Goncharova, Pushkin naagtiisii ka, artist in samigiisa ku Natalia Goncharova yimid. Ay panulirus ka timaadaa baayacmushtariga oo Athanasius Abramovich - aasaasihii warshad dharka wanaagsan oo linenka ah ee gobolka Kaluga. ayeeyo Natalia ee qoyska xisaab ah si fiican u yaqaan P. Chebyshev yimid.

Aabaha artist ka Sergei Mikhailovich ahaa muhandas, wakiilka of Art Moscow ee lacagta badan. Hooyo Catherine Ilinichna - gabadhii professor a of Moscow fiqi Academy ah. Childhood ay ku bixisey estate ee gobolka, oo waxaa la weligiis Ruhbaaniyad iyada jacayl ah nolosha miyiga. Contact la tahay dad ka tagay calaamad in iyada aragtida dunida, iyo in uu yahay waxa taariikhyahanadu tahay sharxi this saamayn madaxtooyada ee shaqada. Markii ay ahayd 10 sano jir, qoyska u dhaqaaqay Moscow.

waxbarashada

On yimid ee Moscow, Natalya Goncharova, artist ah mustaqbalka, galo gymnasium haweenka, taas oo labada qalin ee 1898 la bilad qalin ah. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in gabdhaha ay ahaayeen janjeera ah oo muuqda inay soo dhaamiso, waxa aan la tixgeliyaa halis ah in dhalinyarada fursad ay ku noqon artist ah. dugsiga sare ka dib, ay raadinaysay nafsaddiisa u bixinayo, inuu isku dayay inuu ka shaqeeyo daawo, isku dayeen in ay jaamacad tagaan, laakiin waa in aan ka qayb qaataan. In 1900, waxay noqotay si weyn u xiiseyneyso tahay, oo sannad ka dib soo galay School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta fasalka of farshaxan S. Volnukhin iyo Trubetskoy.

Study la siiyey iyada si fiican 1904 ayay xitaa helay bilad ah lacag yar oo ay shuqulkiisa u sameeyaan, laakiin ugu dhakhsaha badan ka tagay dugsiga. In 1903 ayay u safray safar hal abuur ganacsi si Crimea iyo Tiraspol, taasoo kasbaday barbaro boodhadhka bandhiga beeraha, iyo sidoo kale qoray Dakatu iyo laabkood ah ee style impressionistic.

Farshaxankii Mikhail Larionov iyada u sheegay in aan waqtiga ka dhumin on farshaxan iyo rinjiyeynta in la sameeyo, "indhahaaga fur si aad indhahaaga. Waxaad leedahay, kartina u ah midabka iyo foomka waxaad samaynayso ", - ayuu yidhi. Shirkii Larionov isbeddelay iyada nolosha iyo ujeedooyinka, iyada oo uu bilaabo inuu qoro wax badan oo ka heli style adiga kuu gaar ah.

In 1904 Goncharova dugsiga ku noqdeen, laakiin galaa studio si rinjiyeynta ah by Konstantin Korovin. Farshaxan ah gabadha ayaan weli ka quusan, iyo in 1907 heshay bilad kale. In 1909, Natalia ugu danbeyn go'aansado inuu joojiyo waxbarashada uu baadhaya hore ee jahooyinka kale.

alwaaxdii saqafka haysay

Wada jir ah ula Mihailom Larionovym Natalia Goncharova, Biography artist ayaa hadda weligiis la xidhiidha farshaxanka cusub ee 1910s hore, oo wuxuu noqday aasaasihii oo ka mid ah isbeddellada wax-uqabso ee rinjiyeynta - Rayonism. Waxa uu ku baaqay inuu ku laabanayo asalka qiraysaa farshaxanka qadiimiga ah. muhiimad gaar ah lagu rakibay laxanka of music dad siiya helitaanka xasuusta taariikhiga ah ee qofka iyo toosin male farshaxanka.

Man, sida ay Goncharova iyo Larionov, dunida oga sida set ah looxyo waaweyn intersecting, iyo hawsha artist ah si uu u gudbiyo aragtidan iyadoo la kaashanayo of khadadka midab leh. Early shaqeeya Goncharova ahaayeen kuwo aad u dhalaalaya iyo dhegeysiga. Waxaa la ma xaladii keliya fikrad Rayonism ah, laakiin sidoo kale doonayeen inay keenaan fikrado cusub, taas oo ka dibna waxaa ka buuxa dhaqanka.

Biography hal abuur leh

Tan iyo 1906, Natalia Goncharova, artist, photos of shuqulladiisa oo waxaa lagu arki karaa maanta ee haayaha oo ka mid ah matxafyada ugu qiimaha badan ee dunida, wuxuu bilaabaa inuu qoro oo aad u culus. Safarka A si Paris, halkaas oo ay ku waxaa uu ku dhiiraday by shuqullada ku Fauves iyo Paul Gauguin, iyada khasabtay in ay u guuraan meel ka fog Impressionism oo u dhowow isbedelka cusub ay fiiro. artist addicting isku dayay inuu primitivism ( "Wash shiraac," 1910), cubism ( "sawirka of Mikhail Larionov," 1913), sidaynu ah.

Inta badan dambe, dhaleecayn ku odhan doonaa, in sida-tuuro uma ay oggolaan iyada si ay u horumariyaan xoogga tayadiisa. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa aad u soo saar leh oo firfircoon. Laga soo bilaabo 1908 in 1911 ayay siinaysaa casharada gaarka ah ee studio tahay of rinjiile ka Mashkov. Natalia sidoo kale soo laabanaya farshaxanka madaxtooyada, qoraal nidaamyada for wallpaper, friezes barbaro guryahooda. artist waxay ka qeyb shuqulka Society Futurists ah, iyadoo la kaashanaysa V. Khlebnikov iyo Kruchenykh.

In 1913 Goncharova noqdey in filimka tijaabo "Lady in Futurists cabaret №13 ah», cajalad aan la sii raagayaan. On goobta qaawan kaliya ee ka badbaaday qabtay Goncharova in gacmaha M. Larionov. In 1914 mar kale ayay soo booqday Paris at martiqaad ee Sergei Diaghilev. In 1915, artist ee la soo gudboonaado dhibaatooyin halis ah oo faafreebka. In 1916 wuxuu helay dalab si ay u sameeyaan rinjiyeynta Kiniisadda Bessarabia, laakiin qorshaha ka mid ah ayaa kala gooyey by dagaalka.

hawl Exhibition

In 1910s ka Goncharova badan qaawan, oo ku lug leh hawlaha bulshada iyo farshaxanka. Sannadkii 1911 ayay, oo ay la socdaan M. Larionov qabanqaabisaa bandhiga "Jack of Diamonds" ee 1912 - "dabada Dameer ee" iyo "Cijo dhogorta Golden ah," "World of Art", "bartilmaameedyada", "№4". Farshaxankii qayb ka mid ah shirkadda Munich ee "Blue fuushanba" ahaa. Goncharov ayaa si firfircoon ay taageerayaan waxqabadyada iyo dadaallada ee wakhtigaas badan. Wada jir ah ula Futurists ah, ayay ku socday oo ku saabsan Petersburg isagoo sita waji rinji, xiddig ee filimada ay. Ku dhowaad dhammaan oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka, oo ay ku jiraan bandhigyo, ku dhamaatay fadeexad iyo wac booliiska.

In 1914 waxaa lagu qabtay bandhig weyn Solo shuqullada by Goncharova, halkaas oo 762 farshaxankiisa ayaa soo bandhigay. Laakiin sidoo kale waxaa aan jirin oo aan fadeexadii: shuqulkiina gacantoodii buu ku noqday oo lagu eedeeyay Xumaan iyo fal-dambiyeedka dhadhan dadweynaha.

Sababta dhacdooyinka sida in dhacdooyinka avant-garde inta badan ahaa Natalia Goncharova, farshaxanka, bandhiga kuwaas oo la soo dhaafay ee lagu qabtay Russia ee 1915. Ka dib markii Russia in marnaba arkay bandhigyo shakhsi ahaaneed ee artist this asalka ah.

Faafreebka iyo xayiraad

In 1910 at bandhiga ah Society of Free sharraxaadda Natalia Goncharova, farshaxanka, kuwaas oo shaqada ee la soo dhaafay ayaa si joogta ah loo aqoonsan yahay sida kuwa sinaysta, waxa uu muujinayaa dhowr sawiro of dumarka qaawan ruuxa figurines Venus. Works ayaa la xiray oo lagu eedeeyay filimada xunxun, kaas oo ahaa aan caadi ahayn muddo in Saarka Russia, halkaas oo shuqullada tahay ma waxaa waajib ah in faafreebka. Ka dib fadeexadii kale Natalia aabihii ku qoray warqad furan wargeyska, taas oo dhaleecayn ku caayeen in iyagu ma ay arkaan ruux nool ee hal-abuurka in shuqullada gabadheeda.

In 1912, bandhig caan ah "dabada Dameer ee" Natalia Goncharova, artist ah ayaa la avangardistki sumcad aasaasay, bannaanka u wareegga 4 farshaxankiisa "wacdiyayaal." Shaqada Tani ayaa sababay cadho ka mid ah censors images Ciyaalle quduusiintiisa. In 1914, bandhig a Solo ee artist ee laga saaray 22 shaqo, ka dibna censors xitaa u tageen inay maxkamadda, oo lagu eedeeyay hadan ka badan geedihii Asheeraah Goncharov. Behind iyada istaagay fanaaniin badan oo waqtiga: Tolstoy, M. Dobuzhinsky, N. Wrangel. Thanks to a kiiska M. Khodasevich qareen waxaa ku guuleystay, tixan la joojiyay. Goncharov ka cawday in ay saaxiibo in iyadu ma ay ogayn in ay la eryay by iimaanka runta ah Ilaah.

Goncharova - muujiye

Natalia Goncharova - artist ah oo kubiiray daliilka kala duwan. Her la saaxiibin Futurists iyada keentay inay jartaan muuqaallo kale. In 1912, ayay loogu talagalay buugaagta Kruchenykh iyo Khlebnikov "Mirskontsa», «Game The Jahannamo." In 1913 - shaqada Kruchenykh "Vzorval", "biday. Pustynnitsy "iyo ururinta" Saadooq xaakinnadii №2 »buugaagta K. Bolshakov. Goncharova mid ka mid ah sawira buugga ugu horeysay ee Europe si ay u isticmaalaan farsamada ee collage. In qaar ka mid ah shuqulladiisa, waxay u taagan tahay wey siman kula jooga dadka oo waraaqaha.

Tusaale ahaan, kitaabka Kruchenykh "Laba gabayo," a toddoba-page 14 sawiro posted in qaab la mid ah sida fikradda ah shaqada, iyo sidoo kale erayada. Later, horay dibadda Goncharova abuuraa sawirada for "Saar" for publisher Jarmalka for "The SHEEKADII Tsar Saltan".

haajirid

In 1915 Goncharova Natalya Sergeevna (artist-uqabso), wada jir ah ula Saaxiibkiis nolosha M. Larionov u tageen inay Paris si ay ula te'atradii ku shaqeeyaan Sergeya Dyagileva. Back ee Russia uu hortagi kacaanka. Waxay degeen Quarter Latin ee Paris, halkaas oo cream ee ka haajirid Ruush booqday.

In France, labo ka mid ah isku biiray goobada of yaqaan Bohemians maxaliga ah. Dadka da'da yar abaabulay kubadaha zakada Ranjiilayaasha laylis. guriga Goncharova, Larionov ahaa booqdaha soo noqnoqda Nikolai Gumilyov, ka dib, Marina Tsvetaeva, kuwaas oo noqday saaxiib dhow la Nataley Sergeevnoy.

Goncharova aad u adag shaqeeyay wakhtigii musaafurinta, laakiin sida qarax hal abuur leh ee 10-mada, in Russia waxaa mar dambe la kulmeen. Inkasta oo iyada wareegyada "daayeerro,", "Magnolia", "Ubax qodxan" hadlo iyada sida fannaaniinta waaweyn oo soo baxaya.

shaqada masraxa

Natalia Goncharova - artist ah, masraxa a kaas oo ahaa xirfad dhab ah. Waxay la Alexander Tairov shaqeeyay Tiyaatarka Rugta on saarka ee "Veer". Shaqadan waxaa aadka u mahad V. Meyerhold. Sidoo kale 10-mada, ayay bilaabaa inuu la Diaghilev shaqeeyaan, samaynta soo baxay waxaa uu war saxaafadeedkiisa, "Seasons Ruush". In Paris, ayay ballet ah "Firebird The", "Spain", ka shaqeeya "Wedding The." Goncharov sii wadaan in ay iskaashi la tiyaatarka xitaa dhimasho ee impresario ah ka dib.

shaqada ugu fiican

Ma jiraan fanaaniin badan oo dumar ah, ayaa in ka badan guul. Mid ka mid ah Xaakimkii gaar ahaa Natalia Goncharova. Artist "Flu Spanish" taas oo uu ka iibiyey in ka badan 6 milyan oo ginni, ayaa ka tagay kaalin hodan. Her shaqo waa in matxafyada badan oo waaweyn iyo ururin gaar ahaaneed oo adduunka ah. Waxaa ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu wanaagsan waxaa ka mid ah: "shiraac dhaq", "goosashada tufaaxa", taxane ah "flu Spanish", "Phoenix Bird", "Forest", "diyaarad on tareenka." Natalia Goncharova - artist dumar la farshaxankiisa ugu qaalisan. Her shaqo "Doorashada Tufaax" (1909) ayaa iibisay kabta dahabka ku dhawaad £ 5 million.

nolosha Personal

Natalia Goncharova - artist, kuwaas oo nolosha gaarka ah si hoose ugu taaban hal abuur ah. Xataa college ayay la kulmay Mihailom Larionovym, waxaa isaga la jiray oo ku xidhan qaddar ee Meyeydaan. Waxay ahaayeen saaxiibo isku aragtida, saaxiibo isku dhow. Xataa marka ee Paris Larionov Alexandra jecel yahay laba Tomilina wada joogo. In 1955, waxay wada guursadeen, laakiin xiriirka la Tomilina ka Larionov sii. All ku noolaa isla dhismaha laakiin on dabaqyada kala duwan. Oo mar wejiga isagoo sallaankii la gabowga, xaaskiisa saboolka ah ee iyada lover, Natalia S. Tomilina riixay. Hoos u dhaca Tani waxay la dedejiyey dhimasho Goncharova. October 17, 1962 dunida ayaa ka tagay artist fiican Ruush. Waxay kolkaasaan iyadii ku aasay qabuuraha Paris ee Ivry.