Meeday Field ee Virgin ee? Taariikhda iyo xiiso leh xaqiiqooyinka

Caan ah oo duurka ku Moscow xaasnimada fidiyey ee xariijin dheer, conventionally ka bilaabmaysa giraanta Garden oo dhammaadkeedu Novodevichy Convent. xuduudaha ayaa la oran karo waa in Minor Bariga Pirogovskaya galbeed - jidadka Pogodinskaya. Hablo on dhidibka duurka waa weyn Pirogovskaya ah. kuwaas oo jidadka ilaa 1924 ayaa lagu magacaabay, siday u kala horreeyaan, Big iyo Yar Tsaritsyno. Meeshan ayaa boqoraddii yard ah Evdokia Lopukhina - xaaskiisa of Peter I. boqorka

Name beerta gabadhii. Meeday?

Qaar badan waxay aaminsan yihiin in meesha ay magaceeda u Novodevichy ku Convent dhow, kuwaas oo ka fadilay aad u leedahay Princess Sophia qarnigii XVII ah. Weeraryahanka geliya fikradaha kale, kaas waxaa soo socota in ka hor la aasaasay Field Virgin ee. Moscow taariikh hore loo doortay, kuwaas oo meelo socod. Markaas waxaa u dhaco horjeeda - keniisad ah ay magaca ka meelaha la jaarka ah helay.

Mid ka mid ah version of asalka ah ee magaca duurka ku xaasnimada ayaa sheegay in waqtiga deggan Tatar-Mongol ee degsiimooyinka degaanka halkan keenay gabdhaha ugu quruxda badan ee lacag bixinta ee ka go'dayna waxay iyagii u diray inay Horde Golden ah. version labaad waa ka badan wacan. Magaca Field ka timaadaa xaqiiqda ah in wakhtiyadii hore waxaa jiray seeraha, maalin raggii sac dhaqashada gabar halkan, iyo in dabaal fiidkii abaabulan, qoob goobada, heeso, diyaarin kulan oo kala duwan.

Dhig ciidaha dadweynaha

In taariikhda Moscow beerta xaasnimada si fiican loo yaqaan for dabaal dadweynaha ay u ballaaran iyo xaflado. Markii hore, fasaxyada waa la diyaarin gaar ah wacdina, inta badan waxay ahayd maalin ay xurmayn of icon ee Our Lady of Smolensk. Waa laftiisa maamuuso, oo waxaa lagu Qolol in Convent Novodevichy ah. Later on Field Virgin ayaa u dhaqaaqay xaflado Podnovinskie, sidaas jecel yahay by dadka deegaanka. Inta badan halkan sameeyaa qaab martida shisheeye caan ah kuwaas oo u safray daafaha Russia. The ugu caansan la jugglers dadweynaha Zheni Latur iyo Pinetti. khasnadda Ruush ayaa loo qoondeeyey xataa lacag, oo waxaa halkan ka dhisay masraxa a alwaax. In it for lahaanshada socda ayaa abaabulay qaab xor ah. Nasiib darro, masraxa la baabiiyo muddo. In 1771 wuxuu iska daayeen inay shaqeeyaan sababta oo ah cudurka, oo mar dambe ma ay awood u leeyihiin in loo qoondeeyo lacag ee ay dayactirka.

dabaaldega ee Nicholas I

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka dabaaldegaasi uu garoonka ku ma aysan joogsan. fiiro gaar ah la siiyo si ay u baahan daabaca in dhacdooyinka ka dhacay halkan 1826. Munaasabadan ayaa waxaa ka go'an in ay Tsar Nicholas I. Waayo dabaaldega qoyska Emperor iyo sharaf ee Virgin ayaa rotunda Field la dhisay hareeraha waxaa lagu stylishly gallery qurxiyey. Waxaan la marti qaaday in ay dabaal iyo lahaanshada. Dadkaas iyaga ah, in meesha furan oo daboolan sida caadiga ah waa rakaab si kala duwan: dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee la dubo, biirka, malab, miro, sigaar cabbin ham, hilib la dubay iyo wax ka badan. Agteedana waxaa la dhigay ilihii oo khamri ah (2 waaweyn iyo 16 yar), si toos ah uga nozzles ka fogaatay oo khamri cad, iyo kuwo gaduud. Field Virgin ayaa diyaar u ahayd inay helaan guests. Holiday waxaa si weyn loo shaaciyey, iyo meeshii yimid dad badan oo kuula dhaqmo dhibaatada kooxo. Marka signal waxay ka dhawaajiyeen in bilowgii hadhuudhka ah, dadka xoog ku soo yaaceen si ay u ilihii, miisaska. Dadkii badnaa ayaa xaaqay wax kasta oo ay waddo, oo tanuna waa ay jirto xaqiiqda ah in uu la siiyey amar ay u dhaqmaan on calaamadaha. Shan iyo toban daqiiqo ka dib, waxay ahayd wax aan macquul aheyn in la helo meel si deeqsinimo ah la goostay. wax walba oo dadkii badnaa ku soo jeestay waa burbur, miisas, kuraas loo jebiyey, edibles in xoogaa ilbiriqsiyo ah xaaqay, halaagnay gallery ah. Tani, waxaan leenahay ciid ah.

dhacdadan oo shir ku ka dib, dhammaan ciidaha madadaalada ee aagga ayaa la xiray. halkan sameeyaa maraan military oo kaliya oo jimicsi ah askari. Kaliya ee 1864 on Field ee Virgin ayaa dib u bilaabay xaflado Podnovinskie, ka dib bilaabay in ay qabtaan oo xaflad ballaaran oo Damaashaadka iyo Easter.

convent Novodevichy

In on Field ee Virgin ee, mid ka mid ogsoon tahay xaafadda of Convent Novodevichy ah. Prechistenka keenaysaa in ay, iyadoo jidka ag fadhida, magaca, waxay ahayd si goan sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah in wadada keentay in Novodevichy keniisad ah, halkaas oo Asheeraah ahaa - icon ah Virgin ee barakaysan. Kor derbiyada keniisad ah Dhuur munaaraddii dawan nooc ah. Waxaa ka mid ah dhismayaasha badan monastic muuqda beertii xaasnimada iyo Smolensky Cathedral, waxaa la dhisay kaas oo ahaa in xusuustiisa xoraynta ee qalcadda Smolensk ah ee 1525.

Horeba maalmaha ugu horreeya ee jiritaankeeda lagu yaqaanay Novodevichy Convent dhaqaalaha dhulgoosadka ugu taajirsan. Qarnigii XVII keniisad lahaayeen in la ballamay ee dalka Ruushka, ayuu waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay nin oday weyn. Waxaa jiray sooro Princess Sophia, I. F. Godunova, E. F. Lopuhina. Tani waxay fasireysaa danta gaarka ah ee keniisad ay maamulka iyo taageero wax wanaagsan.

Qarnigii XV dhinaca galbeed oo ka mid ah Virgin duurka ilaa River Moscow ee ku kala xarunta kiniisaddu Rostov hareereysan uu xaafad yar oo ka shaqeeya meesha hadda in haadka Rostov. Tani waxay meesha waqtiga lagu wacayo dejinta Dorogomilovo.

taariikhda caafimaad ee magaalada

format ayaa bedelay beerta xaasnimada in dhammaadkii qarnigii XIX. Waxaa la xidhiidh dhow la kuliyadda caafimaadka ee Moscow State University. Tirada ardayda ee kordhay, in ay fasallada ka mid ah hay'adaha waxbarashada on Rozhdestvenka iyo Moss ma lahayn kuraas ku filan. In 1884, dawladda magaalada Moscow ay go'aansadeen in ay ku wareejiso jaamacadda dalkii on Field siiyey machadyada caafimaadka jaamacadda Virgin iyo rugaha deeqay. goobta ka go'an la wadaago ahaa 18 hektar. Xitaa ka hor, in 1882, xaaskiisa baayacmushtarka ku socotay ah ee Morozova soo bandhigay jaamacadda 6 hektar oo dhul ku dhow. hadiyadda yimid ku anfacaya. Lacagta ayaa Morozova iyo Paskhalov taagay dhismaha hore ee waaxaha dhimirka iyo umulaha.

Sayidka bilaabay dhismaha magaalada Clinical. bilaabaha ee ay dhismaha ka dibna ahaa dhakhtar caan ah - NV Sklifosovsky ee 1880-1891 sano - professor Jaamacadda a. Wuxuu loogu talagalay adag ah campus clinical Konstantin Bykovsky.

tab Si Rasmi Ah u yimid in 1887 ka dib markii Alexander III ansixiyay miisaaniyadda mashruuca iyo qof caan ah saxiixiis.

End of dhismaha

Field Virgin ayaa, taas oo Xaqiijiyay baaxadda aagga photo waxaa ka buuxsamay goobaha caafimaadka. Magaalada Clinical koray. Waxaa maal dhismaha dawladda, laakiin sidoo kale deeqaha ganacsi door weyn ee dhismaha xarumaha caafimaadka iyo machadyada.

In 1897, dhismaha ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey. Sidaas darteed of State Moscow jaamacadda waxaa la dhisay 12 isbitaalada, saldhigga 1 ambulance iyo 8 hay'adaha. Tan iyo markaas, taariikhda xaasnimada beerta dhow lala horumarinta dawo ee Russia, iyo ka dib Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Sida ciidaha dadweynaha, waxay qaadatay wax yar uun sano halkan ka dib markii furitaanka ee magaalada Clinical. Laakiin in 1911 ay wareejiyo biyo macaan. buuqa sameeyey si xun u saamayn caafimaad ee bukaannada iyo shaqaalaha codsiga xarumaha Dowladda ayaa go'aansaday in dib loo dhigo. In 1930, kulliyadeeda Caafimaadka waxaa loo beddelaa Institute Medical koowaad, kuwaas oo markii dambe heshay horyaalka ee Sechenov.

Ilaa iyo hadda, Field Virgin ayaa waxaa loo arkaa in ay meesha ugu muhiimsan ee meesha diiradda keentay rugaha caafimaadka oo keliya ma aha ee Moscow, laakiin dhan Russia.

rugaha

Waa kuwee rugta on Field Virgin ayaa la dhisay?

Waxaa la dhammeeyey ee 1890:

• dhakhtarka rugta therapy Zakharyin;
• Sklifosovsky qalliinka;
• Clinics cudurrada dareemayaasha,
• Hospital Filatov Carruurta,
• Institute of General cudur habdhiska Klein,
• Machadka cudurada guud, Farmashiiste, nadaafadda.

In 1892, rugta caafimaadka isbitaalka:

• therapy Ostroumova;
• qalliinka;
• propedeutics cudurada gudaha,
• cudurada indhaha.

In 1895 uu furay shaybaarka guud caafimaad ee dhegta, sanka iyo cunaha.

Haddaba Pirogovskaya Big fiiriyaa guriyo u awood xarumaha qalliinka iyo caafimaad. Wuxuu madax waaxda therapy, waxay ahaayeen caanka ah. In uu rugta la hemorrhage pulmonary jiifay A. P. Chehov.

dhismaha ugu quruxda badan ee magaalada Clinical - rugta bukaan-caafimaad oo guud, kuwaas oo la dhisay by naqshadeeyaha ugu Zaleski oo la furay 1896. Haddaba dhismaha ku yaal Raktarka ee MMA. Ka hor inta dhismaha waa taallo in Sechenov - asaasaha dugsi ee jirka, waxa loo qorsheeyay in 1958 Kerbel.

In koonfur-galbeed ka mid ah laba dhisme qaab ku neoclassical - anatomopathological Institute iyo Clinic ee cudurrada maqaarka. 1960 Next ahaa taallo in Abrikosov sculptor waardiyayaasha.

Mikhail Bulgakov

Taariikhda waxaa si dhow ula halkan daawo lala, sidaa daraadeed waxa uu soo baxay - xataa qoraaga Mikhail Bulgakov, halkan ka 1927 noolaa, sida uu sheegay xirfad ahaa dhakhtar. Gurigiisa Field ee Virgin ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa u furan guests. Halkaas martida soo noqnoqda Ilf iyo Petrov, Olesha, fanaaniinta Arts Theatre Yashin, Humle. In 30 sano Bulgakov uun bilowdey hawlaha ay Masraxa Art ah. Mikhail Bulgakov halkan la joogayaa naagtiisa jacayl Beloselsky-Belozersky noolaa. Markaasuu ku bilaw iyo sheeko caan ah "Master iyo Margarita", magaca asalka ah taas oo ahayd "Consultant in ay kala jeexan yahay." Wuxuu ka shaqeeyey sida Masterka iyo play ah "The Cabal of Munaafiqiinta" iyo sheekada "Moliere."

square

jidadka arrow Big Pirogov iyo Elan waxay keeni doontaa in beerta Square xaasnimada. Tani waa gabal kaliya ee dalka ayaa ahaa mar beer cidlo ma ayaa la dhisay. Tanu waa meesha ay ahaayeen kuwa dabaal juquraafi ugu iidaya in halkan furay tan iyo 1864. Sida aan ku soo sheegnay, ka dib markii dhismaha magaalada Clinical of diyaafadda at codsiga of kuliyadda caafimaadka ayaa u dhaqaaqay macradka ee 1911. isla square Local, god, kaguuraya go'aansaday inuu ka soo leexdo in park weyn, kaas oo la degeen ee 1912-1913.

Green, raaxo Square kordhiyay xagalka ayaa hadda la aasaasay taas oo wadada Large Pirogovskaya, Yelanskaya in uu galo Plyushchikha oo beerta Devichye marayay. cagaaran, Waddooyinkiisa midabo si wanaagsan loo daryeelay, il, kuraasta - adduunka ka mid ah nabad, mararka qaarkood xitaa ma waxay aaminsan yihiin in tiro ka mid ah qeylo Garden Ring arrin. At geeska of square ah ayaa lagu wadaa Filatov taallo - dhakhtarka caruurta oo ku hogaamiyay rugta ugu dhow carruurta.

Michael macbudka

Rugaha ku wareegsan dhalmada iyo dumarka Michael macbudka ku yaalaa rugaha duurka Devichye. Waxaa la dhisay ka yar mashruuca Nikiforov, Meissner on qaybta ugu weyn ee magaalada Clinical. luul ah in hubaal adag isbitaalka, waxay siinaysaa dhammaystirka iyo daacadnimada.

In 1894 Alexander III la ogolaaday injineero mashruuca, oo markiiba dhigay macbudkii waxaa ka soo qaadeen. Dalka booskaasi ku xukuma magaalada Clinical. Waxaa halkan iyo macnaha astaan in kiiska ee uurreyda iyo umulaha ee dhallaanka u dhashay ahaa. In kaniisad la mid ah, oo ay inta badan ku baabtiisay. Yaraantaadii waa mid jidhka ah iyo nolosha ruuxiga ah isku mar.

Dhismaha si deg deg ah u baxay, iyo in 1897 Michael kaniisad on Field ee Virgin ayaa ka go'an. Soociddiisa calaamadeeyay dhammaystirka buuxa ee dhismaha magaalada Clinical, waxay ahayd shaqo koraysa ee kii dhisay adag caafimaad oo dhan. Michael Temple nolosha buuxiyey magaalada cibaadaysi gaar ah iyo macnaha. Parishioners waxaa jiray dhakhaatiirta, ardayda iyo dadka bukaanka ah, iyo dadka deegaanka u dhow guryaha ay.

jeer adag. kabashada

In 1922, in wakhtiyada adag waayo, macbudkii laawe Ruush ee Field ee Virgin ayaa ceyrisay Bolsheviks ah. hantida waxaa la wareegay oo ku dhawaaqay "hantida dadka." In 1931 kaniisadda ayaa la xidhay, oo qubbad ka baabbi'iyeen, waxan oo dhan inkastoo dibad mass ee dadka deegaanka ah. dhismaha macbudka, kultprosvetchitalnyu ugu horeysay soo abaabulay, gym ka dibna halkan u qalabaysan, ka dibna farmashiyaha, waa meel ay xafiis, bakhaar. In 1977, kiniisadda ku dhawaad gabi ahaanba la burburiyay si aad kuwa dhismaha sahayda cuntada. dadaalka cajiib ah dadweynaha oo kaliya ka caawiyay in ay joojiyaan qowlaysatada ah. Sanado badan macbudka duqoobay way madhnayd. Kaliya ee 1990-, dhismaha ugu dambeyntii siiyey Mu'miniinta. The hadhaagii macbudka muddo dheer si loo soo celiyo, dib loo soo celiyo. In 2002, kaniisadda Michael ayaa loo furay albaabada ay Mu'miniinta, mar kale waxaa Salaadda ah, dib u qurux teesto ah iyo ammaan.

Field Virgin ee. Kolomna

Ka hadalka ku saabsan Field Moscow Virgin ee, in aan ku xuso jidka eponymous in Kolomna. Waxay, sidoo kale, waxay leedahay taariikh xiiso gaar ah, in kastoo dadkaagu u badan ma ay maanta aqoon u leh. Maanta Field ee Virgin ee (Kolomna) - ah meesha jidadka magaalada caadiga ah Kolycheva halkaas iyadoo Jilib Xidhan in taxane ah oo guryaha guddi. Deggan dhib bay dareemaan faraxsan oo ku saabsan xaqiiqada ah in ay dhab ahaan ku nool yihiin meesha, oo la odhan jiray astaan u midoobidda reer Russia. Halkan Dmitry Donskoy ururiyey kooxood amiirradii joogay dagaal kasta oo kale. Tani waa meesha uu iyaga isugu mid ciidan Ruush xoog badan, taas oo ahayd badin dagaal weyn oo Kulikovo. Rostov ayaa galay dagaalka, Pskov, Suzdal, oo ku soo laabtay - Ruush. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa ku midnimo qaran.

Dhulku waa run ahaantii gaar ah, oo ka dib si joogta ah halkan ka dhigay eegto ciidamada.

Haddaba meesha waa Kolychevo soo diyaariyeen deggan yahay isagoo dhan tilmaamayaasha caadiga ah. Hablo index duurka ku Kolomna - 140 404, dhererka wadada - 1.3 km, adeegga taraamka №7, aagga magaalooyinka Kolychevo. On waddooyinka waa sida guryaha, iyo shirkadaha ganacsiga, dhaqaalaha dadweynaha iyo caafimaadka.