Maxaa sababa faa'iidada kibir Moscow ee? Taariikhda iyo geedi socodka ka mid ah quruxsan of kibir Moscow

Ilaa 1263 Map of dhulgoosadka oo burbursan rus ma kibir Moscow ma ahaa. dhaxal yar ka tagay dhimanayaan dhaxalka in uu labo sano oo ina Daniilu Veliky Alexander Nevsky. Sababaha xoojinta of kibir Moscow, taas oo markii hore ahayd yar, aan qiimo lahayn, aan dabooli doonaa in this article.

laga bilaabo

In this caajis qarniyadii dhexe, marka dalka waxaa haysta ka hoos mariya harqoodka of Horde ah, xarunta nolosha siyaasadeed uu noqonayaa Vladimir-Suzdal iyo Novgorod rus. In dhexe, in meel ku haboon been kibir ah ee Moscow, kuwaas oo bilaabay ka hawlgala amiir 14-sano jir ah. Ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa ayaa walaac ku eegaya Dirirta oo deriska la 'oo aan faragalin iyaga la. Waxaa Amaanay nolosha aamusnaan iyo si nabad ah. Sidaa darteed, ee Grand Duchy ee Moscow si tartiib tartiib ah jiido degayaasha oo ka mid ah meelaha khatarta ah oo dheeraad ah. Dadka iyo nabad - ay tahay sababta ugu horeysay ee xoojinta of kibir Moscow ee. Waa arrin culus bilaabay si ay u horumariyaan nolosha dhaqaale. Prince kaliya dhamaadka mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ay go'aansadeen in ay ku soo lifaaq dalalkan oo ay laba magaalo oo cusub. Kolomna waxaa loo baahan yahay, sababtoo ah waxaa ay ahayd meel muhiim ah, halkaas oo Oka soo dareeray galay River Moskva ah. A Pereslavl-Zaleski furay jidka magaalada caasimada ah ee Vladimir ah.

XIV qarnigii

Waxaa jiray waqti of halgan ee aasaaska iyo xoojinta ah dalalkan Moscow. Prince Yury ee Moscow, hoosaysiiyo Mozhaisk, faa'iiday gacanta koorsada oo dhan River Moscow ee. Waxay ahayd dhacdo aad u muhiim u ah dadka deggan: furay wadada ganacsiga cusub. Laakiin waqti isku mid ah u bilaabaa inuu la mid ah Tver amiirka boqortooyada weyn ee Vladimir dagaalamaan. Wakhtigan biiray dalka Vladimir ah. Aaggooda ahaa weyn, oo dadkii oo dhammuna in ay bixiyaan canshuur. Halganka loogu jiro boqornimadii Vladimir ahaa mid aad u halis ah: Prince George disheen Amiirkii Tver, Dmitry.

Isbadal ayaa ka mid ah madax ee xarunta nolosha siyaasadeed

Case walaalkiis sii Prince Ivan Danilovich, kuwaas oo u badan yihiin war labada Ivana Kalitu. Waxa uu ahaa taliye ka fog-arka ah oo xigmad leh, oo ku biiray dalalkoodii Novgorod, Kostroma, Moscow, Torzhok. Prince Ivan dhaqaaqay guddoomiyaha Metropolitan, madaxa Church Ruush ah, ka Vladimir in Moscow, Arkhangelsk oo dhisay wayn waseeqeeyay Cathedral ee Kremlin. awood cilmaani ah iyo ruuxa ah ku urursan hal meel - taasi waa sababta ay helaan madax Moscow ee bartamihii qarnigii XIV ah.

Diblomaasiyadda amiirradii Ruush

Acts Prince sii by wiilashiisii. Farsamo ku hogaamiyay xiriir diblomaasiyadeed la Horde ah, oo ay u hubiyaan nolosha nabad ah dadka oo dhan, taas oo aan la hoos geliyey in ay weeraro. Maxaa sababa faa'iidada kibir Moscow isaga keentay in la ballaariyo iyo Xoolo? siyaasad caqli uu amiirradii reer, oo wuxuu noqday nolosha siyaasadeed, dhaqanka iyo diinta ee North East.

khilaafaadka taariikhyahanadu

Taariikhyahanadu caadi ahaan loo yaqaan 4 sababaha Faahfaahin of kibir Moscow ee. Si kooban ay lagu soo koobi karaa sida soo socota:

1. Madax wadnaha ee dalka Ruush istaagay. Tani waa meel juquraafi wanaagsan ayaa loo ogol yahay maaddo ka yar si ay u weeraraan deriskooda, oo warlike Jarmalka, Lithuanians, tataarka iyo kuwa iswiidhishka. Sayidka, booska uu aad u siisaa dadka deegaanka iyo ammaanka ayaa soo jiitay military oo dheeraad ah iyo qaxootiga ka badan yihiin xoogaystay iyo awood dhaqaale.
2. Monaco ayaa waxa uu noqday laysaan ka mid ah dariiqyada ganacsi. Halkan ahaa wadada a ka koonfur-galbeed ee Kiev iyo Chernigov, Rostov iyo Yaroslavl. Marakiibtan weheliyaan Moscow webiga Oka loo ogol yahay si ay u helaan in ay wax ka si Volga iyo hesho in ay Nizhny Novgorod. Baayac-gudba, kuwaas oo siyaabo kala, canshuurta bixiyo, kobciya Muscovy.
3. Heshiisyo diblumaasiyadeed ayaa keentay in ay midoobeen kiniisadda iyo maamulka cilmaani ah. Sababtoo ah amarkan ku kordhay iyo miisaanka bulsho ee madax ah.
4. Iyo kan ugu dambeeya. Nabadda jecel, shaqo si taxaddar leh oo joogto ah amiirrada. Iyagu ma ay isku cadhoonina, oo iska ilaali dagaallo toos ah la Lithuania iyo Horde ah, bixinta nolol nabad iyo lagu gaarayo a gool tallaabo-tallaabo.

Sida arkay in aannu mar, sababaha xoojinta of kibir Moscow ee.