Masaafo in meel bannaan oo. unit ah sumalka uguma, sannad iftiinka iyo parsec

Waayo, xisaabaha uu, cirbixiyeyaasha isticmaali unugyo gaar ah, oo aan had iyo jeer si cad dadka caadiga ah. Waa la fahmi karo, maxaa yeelay haddii masaafo runtan waxaa lagu cabbiraa kiiloomitir, ka dibna tirada eber indhaha la aragyadannadii lahaa. Sidaa darteed, si loo cabbiro masaafada runtan caadi ah in la isticmaalo tiro aad u balaaran, unugga ah sumalka uguma, sannad iftiinka iyo parsec.

unit ayaa ah sumalka uguma waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa si ay u muujiyaan masaafo gudahood nidaamka qoraxda u gaar ah. Haddii fog dayaxa weli lagu sheegi karaa in km (384,000 km), ee u dhow waddada Pluto ayaa wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 4250 milyan oo km oo ay tahay waxgarashada waxay noqon doontaa kuwo ku adag. Waayo, masaafo waa waqtiga si ay u isticmaalaan qaybta ka ah sumalka uguma (AU) oo waa loo siman yahay si fogaanta celcelis ahaan dhulka iyo qorraxda. In si kale loo dhigo, AU 1 Waxay u dhigantaa dhererka dhidibka semimajor of our kastana falagiisuu dhex Earth (150 milyan oo km..). Haddaba, haddii aad ku qorto in masaafada u gaaban si Pluto waa 28 AU, iyo jidka dheer waxaa laga yaabaa in 50 AU, waa inta badan ka sahlan in la qiyaaso.

The soo socda ee ugu weyn - a iftiin-sano. Inkasta oo ay jiraan waa hadiyad erayga "sano", muhiim ma ahan in aad ka fikirto in ay tahay oo ku saabsan time. Hal sano nuur yahay 63.240 AU Tani waa jidka, kaas oo sameeya ray a iftiinka 1 sano. Cirbixiyeyaasha ayaa xisaabiyay, in ka geesood aad u fog of ray caalamka iftiinka inoo gaadho in ka badan 10 bilyan oo Years.. Si aad u qiyaasi this masaafada weyn, waxaan qor kiiloomitir: 95000000000000000000000. Sagaashan iyo shan billion trillion kiiloomitir caadiga ah.

Xaqiiqada ah in iftiin u safri ma aha degdeg ah, laakiin xawaaraha gaar ah, cilmi-waxay bilaabeen inay ka shakisan tan iyo 1676. Waxay ahayd waqti this astronomer deenishka Ole Roemer magacaabay ogaaday in rikoor ah satalayt Jupiter bilaabaan inay dib uga dhicin, oo waxaa ka dhacay waqti marka Earth la aado ay falagiisuu in dhinaca ka soo horjeeda oo ka mid ah Sun, cagsi ah ee wixii Jupiter. markii qaar ka mid ah ayay ku qaadatay, Earth ahaa ayaa bilaabay inay dib ugu soo laabto, iyo madoobaad mar kale bilaabay inuu u Tagaysaan weli la qorsheeyey.

Sidaas darteed, waxaa la arkay oo ku saabsan 17 daqiiqo farqiga waqti. Laga soo bilaabo daawashada this, waxaa la soo gabagabeeyay: iftiin on marinka ee masaafada dheer qaatay 17 daqiiqo dhexroor ee dhulka falagiisuu. Tan waxaa la cadeeyay in dhexroorka of falagiisuu ku saabsan tahay 186 milyan oo mayl (hadda joogto ah tani waa 939 120 000 km), waxaa soo baxday in ay u dhaqaaqdo dogob light at xawaaraha ah oo ku saabsan 186,000 miles 1 labaad.

In waqtigeena, si Professor Albertu Maykelsonu, kuwaas oo la goostay in inta badan si sax ah loo ogaado waxa sannad fudud, iyadoo natiijada kama dambaysta ah waxaa la helay iyagoo isticmaalaya hab oo kala duwan mahad: 186.284 miles in 1 labaad (qiyaastii 300 km / s). Haddaba, haddii aad tirin tirada seconds sanadkii waanan badin by tirada this, waxaan ka heli in sanad nuur yahay dhererka 5 880 000 000 000 miles, taas oo u dhiganta 9.460.730.472 580,8 km.

Ujeedooyinka wax ku ool ah cirbixiyeyaasha inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida a parsecs fog unit. Waa isku mid in barakaca xiddigaha ee asalka ah maydadka kale samadu 1 '' at observer barakac at 1 gacan of Earth ee falagiisuu. From The Sun in xiddiga ah ee kuugu dhow (tani waa Proxima Centauri nidaamka Alpha Centauri) 1.3 parsecs. Mid ka mid ah parsec uyeelaysaan kuwo 3,2612 isgaarsiinta. sano ama 3.08567758 × 1013 km. Sayidka, a iftiin-sano wax yar ka yar saddex meelood oo meel parsec ah.