dhamaadka sagaal iyo qarnigii labaatanaad hore - search firfircoon noocyada cusub ee farshaxanka, free xaqiiqada ka faahfaahsan kala iibsiga naqshad-ka. search iyo ferment ku kacaan in maskaxda wakiilo badan oo ka mid ah dhalinyarada Yurub keentay in soo bixitaanka of hadda farshaxanka iyo bulsho cusub. Wuxuu kaymo quraafaad ah in fanka ku xidhan tahay inuu ka soo leexdo (oo hubi inaad ka beddeli) dunida. Mid ka mid ah calaamadaha ugu horeeya noqday futurism ah. Waa maxay Futurism? Suugaan futurum - «mustaqbalka".
Aasaasihii of dhaqdhaqaaqa tixgeliyo Abwaan Milan ee F. Marinetti, wakiilada ifka of rinjiyeynta - U. Boccioni, Balla D., D. Severini. Taariikhda futurism bilaabmaa sagaal iyo toban sano sagaalaad: Marinetti daabacay magazine Faransiiska "Le Figaro" manifesto ugu horeeyay, taas oo uu ugu baaqay in ay iska tuuraan oo dhan jir qiyamka dhaqamada in qashin qubka ah ee taariikhda iyo ku salaysan horumarka tignoolojiyada ugu dambeeyay si ay u sameeyaan nooc ka mid ah nin ka mid ah mustaqbalka. Fanaaniinta ugu dhakhsaha badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu daabacay ay manifesto. manifestos Later jiray kuwo badan, oo kulligoodna way wada waxaa la yiraahdaa in la siiyo ilaa la soo dhaafay magaca horumarka.
Nasiib darro, futurism ahaa aan ku xaddidnayn farshaxanka, uu si fiican siyaasadda, la macaamiloon iyo xagjirnimada kala duwan. Tani waxay isagii hor geeyeen burburkii fikirka: qaar ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa iska fogeeyeen kooxda iyo kuwo kale oo sannaddii siddeed iyo tobnaad la aasaasay xisbiga siyaasadeed u gaar ah, kaas oo ugu dhakhsaha badan ka yar banner ee Mussolini istaagay.
Futurism ee farshaxanka - line ka jabay, farqiga fiiqan ee midab ka muujiyay isu dheelitir la'aanta dulmari dhamaystirnayn, joogitaanka ujeedooyinkooda magaalooyinka iyo farsamo. Haddii horreeyay hormuudkii of Impressionists ah, safka hore ee taagan search for foom cusub, qaab hadda baaba'ayso galay asalka, in ay diidaan wax kasta oo Buzadag, waxaa muhiim ah oo kaliya in ay aragti ah ee farshaxanka. waa inaan sheegaa in ay ahayd distinguished ma aha oo kaliya Futurism, in sida aragti ah in ay hal-abuurka ee caadiga ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa kale ee wax-uqabso: cubism, aan la taaban karin, expressionism, surrealism, Dadaism. Falsafadda wax-uqabso ah waxaa loogu talagalay individualization hal abuur leh, oo ku saabsan farqiga u dhexeeya ay qabka ahayn, oo ay ku jiraan dhaqanka oo caan ah. Isla mar ahaantaana buuxinta ee hadda fikirka at kala duwan haddii Futurism, dhab ahaantii, jiidanaya rabshadaha, expressionism ah (. Antifascist Pablo Picasso iyo kuwa kale), on lid ku ah, iyada oo dildillaacay oo la jabay khadadka dibad ka dhanka ah rabshadaha ayaa ku qasbeen in dunida.
In Russia, sifayn this waxaa sida ugu wanaagsan qabtay oo duurka ku ah suugaanta, ayaa ku guuleystay qalbiyada badan gabayaaga of Age Silver ah, ayaa ahbaa style a kala daadsan oo ah gabayo, dheeraadka ah ee qoraalka iyo isku calaamadaha, inta badan u diiday, macnaha kasta. tiirka ugu weyn ee Futurism Ruush waxaa loo arkaa Khlebnikov. ujeedooyinkooda ku haboon leeyihiin Pasternak, Mandelstam, xataa in qoraalka dambe Esenina futurism joogo. waa, tusaale ahaan, "ayuu nin madow" Waa maxay? Style cad yahay ma classic ah.
Mid ka mid ah Futurists ugu joogto noqday Mayakovsky. "Cloud A ee surwaal" - masterpiece ah nooca ah, oo labadoodaba qaab iyo ruuxa, iyo style Abwaan jarjarey hadhay aamin ah dhamaadka nolosha.
Futurists xiiso aqbalay Kacaanka Oktoobar. Laakiin dareenka aan ahaa labada dhinac, sida madaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa proletarian ahaayeen dadka qaba Alaabtoodii dhaqan weyn. Gaar ahaan, Lenin, in uu hadalka ku socota xubnaha Komsomol ee Congress Saddexaad ku adkeeyay muhiimadda weyn ee dhaxalkooda dhaqanka iyo ku xusan oo ku saabsan futurism, maxaad u timid ayuu ma ay garan.
Futurism sida dhaqdhaqaaqa farshaxan soconayay oo keliya labo ka mid ah labaatankii sano. Laakiin ruuxiisa ku hadhay. Soo baxay konton konton ah sarkhaansan yihiin sheekooyin sayniska iyo caanka ah ilaa maantadan la joogo ee naqshadaha iyo design of style-teknoolojiyad sare muhiimad ahaan waa futurism isla, kaliya marxalad cusub. Waxa uu diiday hamiga siyaasadeed iyo xag guud ahaan, laakiin waxa uu ka qayb wanaagsan ee Futurism dhaxlay, eegno galay mustaqbalka, iyo iimaanka xagga horumarka, in guushii kama dambaysta ah ee sababta ka badan qiimaynta.