Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich: Biography, mustaqbalkiisa

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich (1839-1915) - farxo farxad Nasiib - koray deegaan ay wax walba ku neefsaday tahay. Waxa uu jecel yahay qurux dhammaan foomamka iyo daliilka iyo dag ay qabtay on canvases ay.

qoyska Makovsky

Makovsky qoyska ballaaran, oo ka kooban aabbihiis Yegor Ivanovich, oo jeclaaday farshaxanka si daacad ah oo sameeyey badan si ay u abuuraan ee School of Rinjiyeynta iyo naqshad ee Moscow, heesaa hooyadiis qurux Lyubov Kornilievny, saddex wiil iyo laba gabdhood, kuwaas oo ku noolaa guri weyn oo ku soo dhaweynaya ka qararka Moskva River. Kremlin waxay ahayd arki karo daaqadaha. In halkaas ku ahaayeen Glinka, Gogol, Pushkin, Shchepkin, iyo ka dib K. P. Bryullov, VA Tropinin. Dhammaan carruurta ku koray, ka fiirsaneysa ururinta aabbihiis, dhagaysan sheekada ku saabsan tahay, music, masraxa iyo suugaanta. Aabbaha reverently loola jeedaa farshaxanka, ka fiirsaneysa in ay instills ee aadanaha qof. Wuxuu ka shaqeeyey iyo wiilashiisii, oo bara inay ka dhigi nuqulo ka mid ah uu daabacayaa dhif. Laakiin si gaar ah loogu tala galay caruurta aan u sameeyey Tropinin, kuwaas oo daba socday si dhow ula gadaashooda ah. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah markii dambe u noqday Ranjiilayaasha, laakiin shaqeeyey noocyo kala duwan. Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich, sawirto afar sano ilaa laba iyo toban sano bilaabay si aad u hesho waxbarasho xirfadeed.

sano oo waxbarasho

In 1851 wiil smart galay School Moscow ee Rinjiyeynta. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa macalimiinta MI Scotty iyo SK Zaryanko. Laakiin saamayn weyn isaga iyo Tropinin iyo Bryullov, oo markaas ahaa ee soo gebogabeeyey ku of fame on. Lix sano oo dugsiga ku orday sida flash a, iyo hadda Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich ee 1857, u soo diray in ay sii wadaan waxbarashada uu St. Petersburg, at the Academy of Fine Arts. Waxa uu xiiseynayay in rinjiyeynta taariikhiga ah. Oo sannaddii shanaad oo tababarka ee 1862, in uu helay abaalmarinta waayo, rinjiyeynta ah "The wakiilada ee ina firin Dmitri dishaan Borisa Godunova." Waa qoran tahay sidii shaqo oo ka taataabtay taariikhiga ah. Laakiin sannad ka dib, ay diideen in ay rinji on theme la soo jeediyay by Academy, Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich ka soo baxay oo ka mid ah Academy of Arts. Waxa uu helay horyaalka ee artist ee 2 keliya degrees. Inta badan ka dib, wuxuu noqon lahaa academician ah.

Bilaabidda

artist dhallinyarada ahaa ma yaabiyay. Waxa uu mar hore ka heshay warkiisii qoraal sawirka of Liberator Tsar ee Safaaradda Ruushka ee London wakhti aad u gaaban, oo dhan ee hal kulan. Tani waxay fiiro gaar ah u shuqulkiisa qoyska boqortooyada aan lagu qasbay in ay sugto ka amar macaamiisha moodada. In 60s ee artist ka soo shaqeeyay on the Wehbe of sharaf. Dabcan, soo bixitaankii iyo dakhliga ku soo gala uu. Sidaas darteed, Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich Waxa uu helo portraitist ammaanta cajiib ah. Uu Wehbe rasmi ah waa mid aad u qurux badan, sida in midabka iyo Halabuurka. Waxaase yaab leh si qurux badan leh stroke iftiinka iyo dhar hufan oo waxaan qooraansaneynaa, alaab la dhalaalayay on gacmihiisa, Luqunta, dhegaha, tidcin dahab ah oo qoraal ah, lagu xidho isu Amarka. siidaynta nafsiga qoto dheer lagu taswiiray dabeecadda, iyagu ma ay kala duwan yihiin. Laakiin aanu u baahnayn in macaamiisheeda.

Sawirrada xubnaha qoyska boqortooyada iyo ambabaxay

From aad u yar da'da aad buu u gaboobay noqon doonaa rinjiile maxkamad Makovsky. Waxa uu amar ku bixiyay in sawirka ka mid ah Emperor iyo Empress, Duke Grand iyo Grand Duchess, iyo deegaanka sar sare. All farshaxanka, kuwaas oo ka tarjumaya xirfad sii kordhaya farsamo ee farshaxanka. Rata ay yihiin si fudud farxin isha. Quruxda iyo naftooda iyo wefdigiisa oo dhan ku wareegsan lagu daydo u. "Sawirka of Countess Maria Mikhailovna Volkonskaya" sameeyaa tixraacayo of a daahyada Burgundy qoto dheer. Guddoomiyaha aad on kaas oo ku fadhiya, Countess guduudanu, hagaajiyeen dahab, oo wuxuu ku dul istareexa ku tuuray badan cape la goo ermine. Head of Countess la timo fudud siman qurxiyey cigaal madow dhagaxyo qaali ah, kaas oo ku beegan tahay qaabka decoration on qoorta. model dharka Snow-cad tartankii leh maqaarka cad jilicsan ee gacmaha iyo garbaha. Its qoorta wareega waxa lagu qurxiyey kula xidheen shalash buluug ah, oo baadad iyo calaamad dhar dhagaxyo sumurud la yidhaahdo. In gacmihiisa, sharraxay dugaagado, iyo hilqado, - taageere bar-furan. Daabac ka hoos-hoos si daraftiisa ubaxyo translucent iyo decoration caleenta dhameystiraya dharka. model waxaa toogasho sharafta xasilloon.

domesticity

Mararka qaarkood Makovsky midabeeyo ee style ee xaqiiqo. Tani waa muddo ah isku daya in la Wanderers ah. Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich, kuwaas oo farshaxankiisa tarjumaya farshaxankiisa caadifad on nolosha dadka caadiga ah ee St. Petersburg, tusaale ahaan, "Carmalka" ama "tole", waxba u qaban la xaqiiqo muhiim ah ku leeyihiin. Laakiin waxay ahayd in Makovsky 70s dhaqdhaqaaqa oo u dhaw in ay dunida muusikada oo Petersburg ee 1866 iyo guursado aktarada Elena Timofyevna Burkova. In ay guriga ku faraxsan yahay iyo soo dhawayn jiraan composers, fannaaniin, kuwii gabayaaga ahaa iyo xubno ka mid ah "muggeed oo adkaada". Laakiin barakaysan lamaane yar soo baxday in-gaaban - naagtii noqday xanuunsan qaaxada iyo ku dhintay 1873. Sannadkii 1874tii, "Iyada oo din ee kubada," artist Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich ka ogyahay gabar yar oo qurux Garaaci - Yulia Pavlovna Letkovoy. Iyadu waa qurux badan sidii malaa'ig, laakiin muusikada ma aha oo kaliya. Her soprano, iyo Konstantin Idinku ma aha oo kaliya qurux badan, iyo sidoo kale-labisan, soo jiidasho badan, laakiin sidoo kale waxa uu kufiicanyahay samaynta ah oo qurux badan, gabyaa masraxa xirfadeed. Sidaas guurka ka hor Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich eegto. sawirka ee isaga u gaar ah. Guud ahaan, arooska ka dhacay 1875. Farqiga da'da ee The uma dhibeyso in labaatan sannadood. Laakiin 1873 - 1876 sano artist ah u safray Africa, more hufan, ee Qaahira. From waxaa jira, artist ah farshaxankiisa Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich iyo Dakatu keentaa qalaad. Midabka dhalaalaya bari by images ka buuxa xukunka nolosha. A quruxda cirfiid-Sheeko iyo picturesque, gudbinta dhadhan basbaas ee Bariga, rinjiyeynta ee "dheeraad ah ee Xurmada kaarbadka Qaahira" (1896), waxay noqon doontaa gooyo. qoyska Makovsky nool Paris, waxaa la kulmay qoyska Viardot, ka dibna St. Petersburg, la xidhiidhka fanaaniinta Ruush. Guurkooda, kaas oo ku eg ilaa 1898, waxaa u dhashay saddex carruur ah. Laakiin artist ah amorous ay soo jiidatay qurux soo jiidasho badan Maria Alekseevnu Matavtinu, wuxuu guursaday furiinka ka dib. Isbahaysiga wuxuu lahaa afar carruur ah. Farshaxankii jeclaa inaan ka dhaansado iyo carruur, iyo sawirrada qoyska. aad u badan ayay ku dhawri jireen.

Farshaxankiisa ku saabsan mawduucyada taariikhiga ah

Makovsky ka aabbihiis hamiday uu helay ururinta ururinta. Mar walba waxa uu doonayaa iyo keensataa waxyaabaha nolosha qadiimiga ah, dahabka, dharka, taas oo ka dibna waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in rinjiyeynta ah. Compositionally, waxay u eg marxalad masrixiyada, sida artist ah ayaa had iyo jeer xiiso tiyaatarka. Noocan oo kale ah "fuliyeen" sawir la oran karo waa "iidda Boyarsky arooska qarnigii XVII ah" (1883kii). Tani multi-tiradaasi madaxtooyada rinjiyeynta saameeyaa, tiro badan oo si taxadar leh barbaro items qaali qoyska (foolmaroodi ah), maacuunta dibada iyo koob oo qaabab kala duwan oo aan caadi ahayn, dharka qalaad iyo dhar of adagba iyo rytogo maro jilicsan. Iiddii uu dhamaado, oo waxaad ka samaysaa saxan saxiixa ah - guumaysgeesaleyda ah. rinjiyeynta The, sida shuqullo badan oo kale by artist ah, "tagay" dibadda, markii ugu horraysay waxay ahayd in America, iyo haatan - Nederland. Sidoo kale, midabo iyo kale shuqullada by artist ah, ka dib raaceen - "Dharka aroosadda meesha allabariga" (1890), "ama dhunkashada dhaqan" (1895), oo ku salaysan dhacdooyinka ka novel ah by Tolstoy "Silver Prince", iyo qaar kale oo badan oo taxanahan. hawlahaas waa in la tixgeliyaa si taxadar leh, savoring faahfaahinta, faahfaahin ka qurux oo dhan, fasaxooda midabka caadiga ah oo dahab ah ama lacag ah. Qalaad "sifayn Boyarsky" Been abuurtay Konstantin Egorovich Makovsky. Description of pictures of isticmaalka yar, kaliya indhaha daawadayaasha iyo tusi dareen taabasho ah oo dhar iyo decoration ee dhismaha, iyo maqaarka khafiifka ah jilicsan Wajiyada oo ka mid ah gabdhaha, ay xishood, dhisan maalkeedii. All tani waa mid aad u jeclaan ajnabiga, iyo in ka badan shuqullada ku jira ururin gaar ahaaneed dibadda. Makovsky Art filayay ah ee calaamadda iyo Art lacagta badan. Waxaa sidoo kale kaliya tiray quruxda dhalanteed.

Haweenka iyo madaxdii carruurta

Kuwani farshaxankiisa yar had iyo jeer ahaayeen kuwo aad loo jecel yahay. wajiga Beautiful in boyaryshen ku xirtaan kuwa xaqa ah la siiyo fursad ay ku taabto khayroon daahirnimo gabadha iyo qurux, difaan daboolin duniyooyinka, kuul-xigta multi, laalaadeen hilqado. indhaha weyn doonaya in ay qarqin, sunnayaasha Sable madow vrazlet, bushimaha casaan la geesood kiciyey - oo dhan lagu naalloon karo. La yaab ma laha, waxay si joogta ah ay soo guuriyeen ama la daabacay on karkan.

dhimashada artist ee

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich, kuwaas oo Biography on dhan halkaas joogay ku faraxsanahay ah, wax yar ka dhinto ka hor kacaankii, 1915. Waxa uu ahaa lix iyo toddobaatan sannadood. Waxa uu ka tagay dhaxal muhiim ah, qayb ka mid ah wixii uu iibiyey carmalka. Waxay waxaa lagu aasay artist St. Petersburg. Laakiin ka dib markii ay dhacdooyin kacaan She'ool lumay.