Knight ayaa Cross ee Laanqeyrta Iron ah: description, degree. Awards of Reich Saddexaad

September 1939 1 maalintii weerarka German on Poland, Chancellor iyo Fuhrer ee Germany, Adolf Hitler soo saaray amar ku soo noolaaday Cross Iron ah - abaalmarinta abuuray xitaa by King Frederick William. Si Tani waxa ay ahayd wareegay kaliya ee Reich Saddexaad ee Prussia iyo boqortooyadiisa hore. Amarkii soo bandhigay bir ah ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin Knight ayaa Cross - heerka ugu sareeya ee ka mid ah la soo dhaafay. Abaalmarintan - calaamad muhiim ah oo ka Zaman Nazi.

sii

degree Knight ee ma ahaa cibaaro ah ee Germany, oo waxay lahayd badan oo ka mid ah Prussian, Bavarian iyo Baden Order. abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee Saddexaad Reich dusha u eg, iskutallaabtiisana Iron caadiga ah (marka laga reebo in ay tahay waaweyn). At dhinacyada isku mid ah si ay u kala duwanaan karaan ku xiran tahay soo saaraha. Knight ayaa Cross waxaa soo saaray by Juncker, Shneynhauera, Kvenzera iyo Klein. Qaar ka mid ah sameeyey si size 48-48 mm iyo kuwa kale -. 49-50 mm.

Knight ayaa Cross ee Laanqeyrta Iron waxaa laga sameeyey la mid ah sida iyo gudbo darajo haybadda leh ka yar, laakiin waqti isku mid ah daraasad ugu wanaagsan ee tayada khilaafeen qaybo gaar ah (gaar ahaan meelaha ka dhisan). Si aad u abaalmariyo (ama halkii ay ku jirase aad sare) waxaa soldered irbad yar. Waxaa ku dhafnaa giraanta loogu talagalay 45 mm cajalad ballaaran. Order lahaa jir caan ku, kaas oo la sameeyey oo lacag ah muunad 800-th.

gaar ahaan faa'iido

Farsamada yaabka leh laygu, in sida caadiga ah ma dhab abaal xiran ee Knight ee Cross, laakiin kaliya nuqul ah, halka asalka ah waa la hayaa meel ammaan ah. Tan waa la sameeyey in si aan loo dhumin ama dhaawici relic ah. Inta badan xirto koobi xaalad dagaal ah.

GACMAHA Knight ayaa Cross ee Laanqeyrta Iron ee sanduuqa qaab. Inside waxaa la damacsan la xariir cad, oo ka baxsan waa la daboolay lederinom madow. In the case of premium maal ma aha oo kaliya iskutallaabta, laakiin sidoo kale suunka khasab ah. Intaa waxaa dheer xusuus sameeyey shahaadada daabaco, oo la saaray in folder ah gadaaman. Sida caadiga ah, ee Knight ayaa Cross waxaa lagu wareejiyey in milkiilaha taliyaha xidhiidhada uu. dhaqan waxaa la qabtay jawi dabaaldeg. Abaalmarinta horteeda tegi karin muddo dheer, oo ay jidka ku marayay dhawr gacmaha mar. Dib u dhac gudbinta ahaayeen dhacdo gaar noqnoqda bilowgii dagaalka. Inta badan dhammaan abaalkiis qalantay sugaya duuliye.

"Caadooyinka"

Sida dhammaan amarada ciidamada Reich Saddexaad, Cross ah waxaa la siiyaa guulaha qaar ka mid ah dagaal. Tusaale ahaan, pilot ee Luftwaffe ahaa awoodaan si ay u helaan abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee kaliya dhaliyay 20 dhibcood (waxaa la siiyaa toogtay hoos diyaaradaha cadowga). Waqti ka, strip ayaa koray. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa ay ku xiran yihiin masraxa dagaalka, waayo, Knight ayaa Cross on hore ee Soviet lahaa waa lagu baabbi'in baabuurta laba jeer wax ka badan in dagaalka cirka ah ee inta kale ee Europe ama North Africa.

Navy loo baahan yahay inuu dego doonniyaha, barakac guud ee kaas wuxuu u dhigmaa 100 kun oo tan. Xaaladdan oo kale, had iyo jeer lagu abaalmariyey saraakiishii quusta. Waayo, Army 3 Reich dejinta noqdeen kuwo isku darsamay ( "Waayo, geesinimada goobta dagaalka").

tirakoobka

Waayo, dhowr sano ka Knight ayaa Cross abaal 7361 oo qof (sida ay ilo kale 7365). Ka mid ah marwooyin ma ahaa qof dumar ah oo keli ah, laakiin waxaa jiray darsin dhowr shisheeye u diriray dalka, xulafo la ah Germany. statistics Interesting ku horyaal abaalmarinta. Inta badan helay Knight ayaa Cross Captain / Captain-Lieutenant (1523) iyo Lieutenant (1225).

First abaal Order sharafeedka dhacay dhamaadkii bishii kowaad ee dagaalka fuliyeen by 3 Reich ah. September 30 inuu Knight ayaa Cross helay 13 qof, kuwaas oo ka qayb qaatay ololaha Polish si guul ah ku dhamaaday. Ka mid ah tirada ugu caansan Cavaliers jeestay Grossadmiral Erich Raeder, taliyaha Ciidamada Badda Jarmalka. nimankaas oo dhammu waxay ahaayeen saraakiishii, calaamadiyey kala duwan ee buuga. From ereyada ah "Bravery Waayo," waxa uu ahaa kii ugu horeeyay ee soo gudbaan damcay Gunther Prien (ku gujis U-doon 47 wuxuu ku amray). In 1939, waxaa jiray oo kaliya 27 Knight Knight ee Cross, iyo, iskutallaabtiisana ha ugu soo geliyey ee 1944 (2466).

degree labaad

Guud ahaan, ka Knight ayaa Cross wuxuu ahaa shan digrii, ugu horeeyay ee ahaa Knight ayaa laftiisa Cross. Dhowr bilood ka dib bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida ee June 1940, ayaa madaxda sare ee dalka Jarmalka ayaa go'aansaday in la dhiso xitaa more caan ah abaalmarinta, loogu tala galay ciidamada ayaa si gaar ah geesinimada. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa ku Knight ee Cross ee Laanqeyrta Iron la Oak Leaves. Abaalmarintan waxa la siiyaa oo keliya marwooyin mid ka mid ah heerka ugu horeysay.

caleemo Oak (calaamad of kala soocin) duubay oo kaliya kor ku xusan iskutallaabta, waxaa meeshaas oo loop a of cajalad. Qurxinta ay calaamad u ahayd lacag dhigay. Wuxuu is tusay saddex caleen geed alloon - caadiga ah tan iyo tirada heraldic Dr Makumbe. Xaaladaha qaarkood, jubbado Yurub hubka ka muujinayaa ay la socdaan degayo, laakiin ay dhacdo ka mid ah Knight ayaa Cross midhaha la hakiyay.

Knights

marka hore Knight ayaa Cross ayaa la Oak Leaves waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Eduarda Ditlya - Sarreeye guud amrayo Mountain Corps "Norway ah. Mid ka mid ah xubnaha ugu dambeeyey ee Order ee waxaa loo arkaa inay sarkaal ciidamada badda Adalbert von Blanc. Inta badan oo dhan uu caanka ku ahaa ee heerka ugu dambeeya ee dagaalka. In 1944, Blank waxaa madax Division Security 9-kii, ka dibna ka qeyb qaatay qaxidda ee Jarmalka ka Courland. Intaa waxaa dheer, in uu taageerayo ka Socda xiriir dhulka Wehrmacht. In May 1945, Blank waxaa interned by ciidamada British. Sarkaalka ahayd nasiib - wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay sii wado ciyaarihiisa military ee Germany. Isna wuxuu u adeegay ilaa 1964, markii uu helay darajo ee Admiral oo ka fariistay.

heerka sadexaad

In dayrta ee 1941, abaalmarinta Cross Knight ayaa mar heleen oo horeba waa heerka saddexaad ah - Knight ayaa Cross la Oak Leaves iyo seefo. Amarkii ay aasaaska la saxiixay by Fuhrer, oo madax ka ah Taliska Sare ee Wehrmacht ku Vilgelmom Keytelem iyo Reich Wasiirka Wilhelm Gudaha Frick.

Calaamad A cusub wuxuu ahaa inay isku abaalmarinta hore ee caleemaha ka lalmaday, taas oo lagu daray labo ka mid ah seefo gudbay. Order la sameeyey ee dahabka lacag ah oo tayo sare leh. On dhinaca dib la dhigay sixitaanka soo saaraha. Waayo, iskutallaabta waxaa ku lifaaqan xirmado moire ubax casaan iyo caddaan. Inta lagu jiro mudada dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, milkiilayaasha ku Knight ayaa Cross la Oak Leaves iyo seefo noqday 160 oo qof, 55 kuwaas oo u adeegay in Luftwaffe ah. mid shisheeye oo keliya ayaa la gudoonsiiyay abaalmarinta this. Them ahaa Admiral a Japanese iyo Taliyaha ciidanka badda Yamamoto Isiroku.

Awards ACES

Wing Taliyaha Adolf Galland noqday haysta hore ee Knight ayaa Cross la Oak Leaves iyo seefo. Wuxuu ku amray 51th koox dad ah bannaanka-baabbi'in. Markii hore, si cusub si gaar ah abaal duuliye. Sidaas cavalier saddexaad noqday Walter Oesau. Waxaa xusid mudan in adeegga military uu bilaabay in guutada madaafiicda ah. Like duuliye kale oo badan German ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, Oesau ugu horeysay noqday caanka ah ee Spain, halkaas oo uu ku qoran oo qayb ka ah Legion caanka ah "Condor". Inta lagu jiro mudada xilli ciyaareedka cusub, wuxuu ka qaybgalay dagaallada France iyo "Battle of Britain". Oesau ma on hore ee bariga, laakiin halaagnay badan diyaaradaha cirka ee dalka Netherlands. May 11, 1944 waxaa uu ku toogtay hoos u dhow magaalada Belgian ee St. Vith. On account Oesau diyaaradaha 118 cadowga iyo 430 hawlgallada dagaalka.

degree afaraad

Tan afraad Degree Knights Cross isku mar u muuqday la degree saddexaad iyo shanaad (u ahaa Knight ayaa Cross la Oak Leaves, seefo iyo Diamonds). Abaalmarinta aan ku tuntay iyo sameeyey by gacanta fanaaniinta ugu fiican ee Jarmalka. Silver 935-carat in gacmaha jewelers khibrad leh, in dhamaadka shaqadooda una qurxinay ayna Order ee bulk of 50 dheeman yar. Miisaankooda total ahayd ku dhowaad saddex carats, iyo miisaanka ay calaamaddu oo dhan - 28 garaam. Gacan ku sameeyey sidii iskutallaabta, iyo clip ah waxaa loogu talagalay.

Duqoobin maalmeedka waxaa la siiyay Abaal-marinta kaliya labo nuqul oo ah qalabka-fasalka hooseeyo. Jarmal Knight ayaa Cross la Leaves Oak, seefo iyo Diamonds helay wadar ahaan 27 qof (iyaga ka mid ah waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan shisheeyaha).

Werner Molders

Cavalier cusub Knight ayaa Cross oo ahaa darajadii afraad ayaa Werner Molders ah - pilot dagaalka ee ku darajo wayn ee kornayl. Xiddiga Tani waxay ahayd ina macallin, kuwaas oo ku dhintay dagaalkii adduunka ee koowaad ee France, si uu doorashada xirfad military ahaa natiijadeeda la lahayd tan iyo yaraantaadii ah. Melders Education helay at Academy dhaw iyo Dugsiga Munich Demining.

In 1934, xirfadiisa amarka kii mustaqbalka sameeyey jeedo af - uu wareejiyay Luftwaffe ah. The ugu horeysay waayo aragnimo dagaal ee tijaabada ahaa ee cirka sare Spain, halkaas oo waxaa jiray dagaal sokeeye. Sidaa darteed, wuxuu bilaabay World Labaad, mar hore isagoo waayo-aragnimo cajiib ah. Guushii ugu horeysay ee aan ahaa muddo dheer ku soo socda. Bishii September 1939, aan ka fogayn Merzig Melders hoos u keenay dagaalka ee Faransiiska "Hawk".

Uu sortie soo dhaafay al sameeyey Crimea. Wuxuu ku burburtay November 1941 inuu u dhaqaaqo Berlin, halkaas oo uu ku qabtay aaska ah pilot kale oo caan ah Ernst Udet Luftwaffe. Melders diyaarad oo dhulkay ku dhaceen ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in fiilooyinka korontada reserve ah. Duuliyaha duulay ka badan 300 oo weera ah, ayaa toogtay hoos 115 diyaaradaha cadowga.

degree shanaad

Abaalmarinta ugu badan ee Wehrmacht ahaa Knight ayaa Cross la caleemo geedkii oo dahab ah, seefo iyo dheeman. aqonsado ee abaalmarintan ahaa xaqiiqada ah in inta lagu guda jiro jiritaanka waxa uu helay hal qof oo keliya. Waxay helay Hans Rudel - Aviation, Colonel helay abaalmarinta in maalinta ugu horeysa ee 1945. By dhamaadka dagaalka uu ahaa duuliyihii ugu goolasha ee diyaaradaha weerarka. Jaantuska Rudel loo doortay wakiil ah - abaalmarinta ugu sareysa ee aan u heli karo in qof.

Hans waxa uu ku dhashay wadaad qoyska iyo dhallinyarada ku biiray ururka Nazi. Ololaha Polish uu sameeyay, sida taliyaha diyaaradaha sahan ah. Markaas tijaabo ah uu ka codsaday in ay isaga wareejiyo diyaaradaha weerar kale oo badan oo khatar ah. Ku xiga muddo ah tababar. Bishii Abriil 1941, Rudel ayaa loo xil saaray in ay koox dad ah a of qarax quusto, "Immelman". pilot dirireen xagga hore Soviet, dad badan ka yaabsaday at goobaha Leningrad iyo Moscow. Total Rudel sameeyey in ka badan 2.5 kun oo weera ah, baabbi'iyey oo ku saabsan 500 taangiyada, gawaarida gaashaaman 800, degtay daraasiin maraakiib iyo markab dagaal amphibious "Marat". dagaalka, weyin Nazi ka dib, u dhaqaaqay Latin America, halkaas oo uu la soo xusuustay sida firfircoon aar-doonka ah.