Ivan Petrovich Pavlov: Biography gaaban iyo ku biirinta sayniska

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Biography gaaban oo waxaa loo tixgelin doonaa noo by - physiologist Ruush, cilmi-nafsiga iyo Nobel. Waxa uu ku hawlan xeerka habka dheefshiidka, sayniska ah hawl sare dareemayaasha. Waxaas oo dhan, iyo sidoo kale wax badan oo kale oo la xidhiidha magiciisa, oo waxaan kaala hadli doonaa in this article.

Asal iyo tababar Ryazan

September 26, 1849 waxa uu ku dhashay magaalada Ryazan, Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee isaga u noqon lahaa aan dhamaystirnayn haddii aan ma eray ku saabsan qoyskiisa odhan. Ivan aabihiis, Peter D., wuxuu ahaa wadaad kaniisadda. Varvara Ivanovna, hooyada Ivan Petrovich, hogaaminayo qoyska. sawir hoose wuxuu muujinayaa guriga Pavlov Ryazan, kuwaas oo hadda waa matxaf.

saynisyahan Future bilaabay waxbarashada dugsiga ruuxa Ryazan. Ka dib markii qalin jabiyay 1864, wuxuu ku qoran fiqi Ryazan ee seminary. Later Ivan si qurux yeeri muddo this. Waxaa uu sheegay in uu si nasiib macalimiinta weyn baran jiray. Ivan Pavlov la kulmay sannadkii hore at seminary la buugga "hummaag of Brain ah" I. M. Sechenova. Waxa ay ahayd tii maagganaa qaddar.

U soo guurista St. Petersburg in ay sii wadaan waxbarashada

In 1870, saynisyahan mustaqbalka go'aansadeen in ay soo galaan kuliyadda sharciga ee St. Petersburg University. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ivan Pavlov halkan maalmood 17 kaliya bartay. Waxa uu go'aansaday inuu wareejiyo kala dabiiciga ah ee awood kale oo physics iyo xisaabta. Ivan bartay la Professor Tsion, F. V. Ovsyannikova. Gaar ahaan, waxa uu ahaa xiisaynayso jirka xoolaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, Ivan Petrovich waqti badan u huray in daraasadda of regulation dareemayaasha jirka, isagoo raacsane a dhabta ah ee Sechenov.

Ka dib markii qalin-jabinta, wuxuu go'aansaday inuu sii wataan waxbarashadooda, Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Biography kooban oo ay ka imanayaan uu xaq u leeyahay in koorsada saddexaad ee Academy ee Medical-Qalliinka calaamadeeyay. In 1879 Pavlov ka qalin jebin dugsiga iyo shaqada ee rugta Botkin bilaabay. Halkan Ivan madax shaybaarka jirka.

dibadda internship, shaqada ee rugta Botkin iyo Military Academy Caafimaadka

Waayo, muddada u dhaxaysa 1884 in 1886 la xiriiraa uu internship ee Germany iyo France, ka dib markii taas saynisyahan soo noqday inay ka shaqeeyaan rugta Botkin. Pavlova ee 1890 go'aan si ay u sameeyaan professor ah Farmashiiste iyo diray inay Medical Academy Milatariga. Ka dib markii 6 sano, saynisyahano ayaa lagu hogaaminayay Waaxda Physiology halkan. Oo isna wuxuu u tegi doono oo keliya ee 1926.

Tijaabiyaan quudinta u bursatay

Isla shaqada this Ivan Petrovich bartay jirka ee wareegga dhiigga, dheefshiidka, waxqabadka sare dareemayaasha. Waxa uu heystaa in uu caan 1890 tijaabiyaan quudinta u bursatay. saynisyahan waxa uu dhigayaa in habka dareemayaasha kaalin muhiim ah ee geedi socodka of dheefshiidka. Tusaale ahaan, geeddi-socodka dheecaan ka dhacdaa laba weji. The ugu horeysay oo ka mid ah - reflex a nervous, raaceen by humoral iyo caafimaadeed.

Daraasaddu waxay of hummaag, qalmay abaalmarinta

Taas ka dib waxay bilaabeen inay baadha ee waxqabadka sare neerfaha ee Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Biography kooban oo dhammaystirayaa horumar cusub. Waxa uu gaadhay natiijooyin muhiim ah in daraasad ah ee hummaag. In 1903, at da'da 54, wuxuu u sameeyey on ka dhacaya Madrid, Medical Congress Caalamiga ah ay warbixin Pavlov Ivan Petrovich. Kaloy sayniska ee cilmiga ma tegi dareemo. Waayo, guulaha daraasadda of hababka dheefshiidka ee soo socda, ee 1904, kii ayaa loo Nobel Prize.

Saynisyahanka ee 1907 ayaa noqday xubin Ruush Academy of Sciences. Royal Society of London ee 1915 isaga siinayaa Bilad Copley ah.

Aragtida xagga kacaanka

Pavlov loo yaqaan "tijaabo Bolshevik." October Revolution Marka hore wuxuu qaaday xiiso badala nolosha iyo xaqiiqada ah arki lahaa dhammaystirka shaqada. Waxa uu ahaa arkaa in West kaliya ee Russia muwaadin free. Mas'uuliyiinta ayaa wax wanaagsan ku jawaabay in ay cilmiga cajiib ah. V. I. Lenin xitaa uu saxiixay 1921 by amar gaar ah oo ku saabsan samaynta xaaladaha shaqo caadi ah oo nolosha ka mid ah Pavlov iyo qoyskiisa.

Laakiin muddo ka dib, waxay ahayd niyad jab. eryidda Mass wakiilada dibadda u fiican oo intelligentsia, xadhiga saaxiibadiis iyo waxay muujiyeen geysaneyso Dowladda ee this "tijaabo" oo dhan. In ka badan hal mar, Ivan Petrovich muuqday la jagooyinka, xun, waayo, maamulka. khudbado ayuu naxay hoggaanka xisbiga. Pavlov isku mid ma ahayn "in la xoojiyo anshax shaqada" ee shaybaarka madax isaga by. Waxa uu sheegay in kooxda cilmi aan la dhigantaa kartaa in Warshadda, iyo shaqada maskaxda waa in aan la Dullaysan. CPC waxay bilaabeen inay hesho daaweyn Ivan Petrovich in la sii daayo dadka la qabtay, ayuu yiqiin, iyo sidoo kale in ay joojiyaan cabsi, cadaadis iyo cadaadis of kaniisadda ee dalka.

Dhibaatooyin kala kulantay Pavlov

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in Pavlov ma qaadan inta badan waxa ka dhacaya dalka, waxa uu markasta u shaqeeyay si xoog oo dhan faa'iido u ah hooyo ah. Isaga oo awood badan ruuxa iyo doonista waxba jabin karo. Intii lagu guda jiray Dagaalkii Sokeeye, saynisyahan a shaqeeya Military Medical Academy ah, halkaas oo uu baray jirka. Waxaa la og yahay in shaybaarka aan kululayn jiray, si tijaabo lahaa in jaakad dhogorta ah iyo hat fadhiisan. Haddii ay jirto ahaa iftiin ma ay lahayn, Pavlov ku shaqeeya la shuclada (waxaa qabtay kaaliyaha). Ivan Petrovich, xataa sannadaha muqdiga taageeraya saaxiibadood. Laboratory ka badbaaday in uu dadaalkiisa iyo 20 adag ma aysan joogsan hawlaha ay mahad.

Sidaas Pavlov qaatay kacaankii oo dhan si xun u. Waxa uu ku noolaa saboolnimada socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee ka, si joogta ah ka codsaday dowladda Soviet in ay isaga ka dalka sii daayo. Waxa uu ballan qaaday horumar xaaladda dhaqaale, laakiin dawladdu sameeyey aad u yar in jihada this. In dhamaadka lagu dhawaaqay in Koltushi Institute of Physiology (1925). Machadka Tan iyo madax by Paul. Markaasuu halkaas ka shaqeeyay ilaa uu dhintay.

In Leningrad ee August 1935 wuxuu ahaa 15-aad ee World Congress of Physiologists. Pavlov loo doortay Madaxweyne. culimada oo dhan si wadajir ah u sujuuday Ivan Petrovich. Waxa uu ahaa cilmi guuleed Pavlov, aqoonsiga muhiimada aadka u badan ee uu waxqabad.

By sano ee la soo dhaafay ee nolosha Ivan Petrovich iska leh safarka uu hooyo Ryazan. Halkan waxa uu sidoo kale waxaa lagu salaamay aad u diiran. Ivan Petrovich diyaarin dhaweynta.

Dhimashadii Ivan Petrovich

Ivan Pavlov ku dhintay Leningrad, February 27, 1936. Sabab dhimasho istaahisha - pneumonia daran. Waxa uu dhanka bidix ka dambeeya tirada guulaha, taas oo ah in ay hadal si gooni gooni ah.

The guulaha ugu waaweyn ee cilmiga ah

Works of Ivan Pavlov on jirka ee dheefshiidka, kasbaday aqoonsi ugu sarreeya ee caalamiga ah, wadadii uu horumarinta jirka jihada cusub. Waxaa ku saabsan jirka ah ee waxqabadka sare habdhiska waa. saynisyahan Tani waxay meesha Pavlov Ivan Petrovich sooco oo ku saabsan 35 sano ee uu noloshiisa. Isagu waa abuuraha habka of hummaag shuruud. Daraasadda ku saabsan geedi socodka maskaxda ka dhaca jidhka xoolaha la isticmaalayo habkan keentay in horumarinta hababka maskaxda ee barashada iyo waxqabadka sare neerfaha ah. In 1913, fulinta ee tijaabooyinka la xidhiidha hummaag shuruud, waxaa la dhisay dhismo oo leh labo munaarado, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan "munaaradaha aamusnaanta". Halkan saddexdii hore ayaa la qalabeeyey kaamirooyin gaar ah, oo ka 1917 galay hawlgalka shan.

Waa in la ogaadaa, iyo furitaanka kale oo Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha. mudnaanta ee waxbariddiisa waa horumarinta waxa ay yihiin noocyada kala duwan ee hawlaha sare dareemayaasha. Waxa uu sidoo kale iska leh cilmiga "hafray firfircoon" (reactions adag ku meersan gaar ah) iyo guulaha kale.

Pavlov Ivan Petrovich, tabarruca uu si daawo aan la ukas karaa, in 1918, waxay bilaabeen inay cilmi baaris ku sameeyaan isbitaalka dhimirka. On uu initiative ee 1931 waxa la abuuray waaxda iyo saldhigga bukaan eegida. I. P. Pavlov ka November 1931 qabatey shir cilmiyeed ee rugaha caafimaadka maskaxda iyo neerfaha - ". Jawi caafimaad oo" waxa loogu yeero

Kuwanu waa guulaha ugu waaweyn ee Ivana Petrovicha Pavlova. Tani waa aqoonyahan weyn, oo magiciisa la odhan waa muhiim in la xasuusto.